Zithini iiAdmixtures kwaye zithini iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeAdmixtures?

Izinto ezidityanisiweyo liqela lezinto ezongezwa kwikhonkrithi, kwimotha, okanye kwigrout ngexesha lokuxuba ukuze kutshintshwe iimpawu zazo okanye kuphuculwe ukusebenza kwazo. Ezi zinto zahlukile kwizithako eziphambili zekhonkrithi (isamente, ii-aggregates, amanzi) kwaye zisetyenziswa ngobuninzi obuncinci ukufezekisa iziphumo ezithile ezifunwayo. Izinto ezidityanisiweyo zinokutshintsha iimpawu ezahlukeneyo zekhonkrithi, kubandakanya ukusebenza kakuhle, ixesha lokubeka, amandla, ukuqina, kunye nokumelana nezinto ezingqongileyo. Zibonelela ngokuguquguquka kuyilo lomxube wekhonkrithi, zivumela iinjineli kunye nabakhi ukuba balungiselele iifomyula zekhonkrithi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zeprojekthi. Nazi iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezinto ezidityanisiweyo ezisetyenziswa rhoqo ekwakheni:

1. Izinto eziNxuluba Amanzi (iiPlastiki okanye iiSuperplasticizer):

• Izinto ezidityanisiweyo ezinciphisa amanzi zezongezo ezinciphisa umthamo wamanzi ofunekayo ukuze ikhonkrithi idilike ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukusebenza kwayo. Ziphucula ukuhamba kwamanzi kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwemixube yekhonkrithi, nto leyo evumela ukuba kube lula ukuyibeka kunye nokuxinana. Iiplastiki zihlala zisetyenziswa kwikhonkrithi enexesha eliqhelekileyo lokuseta, ngelixa ii-superplasticizers zisetyenziswa kwikhonkrithi efuna ixesha elide lokuseta.

2. Izixube ezingasebenzi kakuhle:

• Ukuxuba okulibazisekayo kuyalibazisa ixesha lokuseta ikhonkrithi, i-mortar, okanye i-grout, okuvumela ukuba ixesha elide lokusebenza kunye nexesha lokubeka. Ziluncedo ngakumbi kwiimeko zemozulu ezishushu okanye kwiiprojekthi ezinkulu apho kulindeleke ukulibaziseka ekuthuthweni, ekubekweni, okanye ekugqityweni.

3. Ukukhawulezisa umxube:

• Ukukhawulezisa umxube wombane kunyusa izinga lokubekwa kunye nophuhliso lwamandla lwekhonkrithi, i-mortar, okanye i-grout kwangethuba, okuvumela inkqubela phambili yokwakha ngokukhawuleza kunye nokususwa kwefomwork kwangethuba. Zisetyenziswa rhoqo kwiimeko zemozulu ebandayo okanye xa kufuneka ukonyuka kwamandla ngokukhawuleza.

4. Izixube zokungenisa umoya:

• Izinto ezidityanisiweyo ngomoya zingenisa amaqamza omoya amancinci kwikhonkrithi okanye kwi-mortar, nto leyo ephucula ukumelana kwayo nemijikelo yokunyibilika komkhenkce, ukwakheka, kunye nokukrala. Ziyandisa ukusebenza kunye nokuqina kwekhonkrithi kwiimeko zemozulu ezinzima kwaye zinciphisa umngcipheko wokonakala ngenxa yokutshintshatshintsha kobushushu.

5. Izixube zoMoya ezithintela umva:

• Izixube zomoya ezithintela umoya ukuba ungabi manzi zidibanisa iimpawu zezixube ezithintela umoya ukuba ungabi manzi, zibambezela ixesha lokuseta ikhonkrithi ngelixa zikwaqeqesha umoya ukuze kuphuculwe ukumelana kwayo nokunyibilika komkhenkce. Zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo ezibandayo okanye kwikhonkrithi evezwe kwimijikelo yokuqandisa nokunyibilika.

6. Izixube Ezithintela Ukugqwala:

• Izinto ezidityanisiweyo ezithintela ukugqwala zikhusela ukuqina kwentsimbi efakwe kwikhonkrithi ekugqwaleni okubangelwa kukuvezwa kumswakama, iikloridi, okanye ezinye izinto ezirhabaxa. Zandisa ubomi benkonzo yezakhiwo zekhonkrithi kwaye zinciphisa iindleko zokugcinwa nokulungiswa.

7. Izixube Ezinciphisa Ukuncipha:

• Izinto ezidityanisiweyo ezinciphisa ukushwabana kwekhonkrithi zinciphisa ukushwabana kokoma kwikhonkrithi, zinciphisa umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwaye ziphucula ukuqina kwexesha elide. Ziluncedo kwiindawo ezinkulu zekhonkrithi, izinto ezenziwe kwangaphambili, kunye nemixube yekhonkrithi esebenza kakuhle.

8. Izixube zokungangenisi manzi:

• Izinto zokuthintela ukungenwa kwamanzi ziphucula ukungangenwa kwekhonkrithi, zinciphisa ukungena kwamanzi kwaye zithintele imiba enxulumene nokufuma efana nokuphuma kwamanzi, ukufuma, kunye nokugqwala. Zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwizakhiwo ezingaphantsi komgangatho, amagumbi angaphantsi komhlaba, iitonela, kunye nezakhiwo ezigcina amanzi.

9. Umbala weZithako:

• Izinto ezidityanisiweyo zombala zongezwa kwikhonkrithi ukuze zinike umbala okanye zifezekise imiphumo yokuhombisa. Ziza ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kuquka imibala, amabala, iidayi, kunye nezitywini ezinemibala, okuvumela ukuba umphezulu wekhonkrithi wenziwe ngokwezifiso ukuze uhambelane neemfuno zoyilo.

10. Izixube eziguqula i-Rheology:

• Ii-admixtures eziguqula i-rheology zitshintsha ukuhamba kunye neempawu ze-rheological zekhonkrithi, i-mortar, okanye i-grout ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle, ukupompa, okanye ulawulo lwe-viscosity. Zisetyenziswa rhoqo kwi-self-consolidating concrete, i-shotcrete, kunye ne-high-performance concrete mixes.

Ezi zezinye zezona ntlobo ziphambili ze-admixtures ezisetyenziswa ekwakheni, nganye inika iingenelo ezithile kunye nezicelo zokuphucula ukusebenza okubonakalayo kunye nokuhlangabezana neemfuno zeprojekthi. Kubalulekile ukukhetha nokufaka i-admixtures efanelekileyo ngokusekelwe kwiinkcukacha zeprojekthi, iimeko zokusingqongileyo, kunye nemigangatho yokusebenza.