A. Imfuneko yokugcina amanzi
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwesamente kubhekisa kubuchule besamente bokugcina amanzi. Isamente esingenawo amanzi amaninzi sinokopha kwaye sahlukane ngexesha lokuthuthwa nokugcinwa, oko kukuthi, amanzi ayadada phezulu, aze isanti nesamente zitshone ngaphantsi. Kufuneka siphinde sivuselelwe ngaphambi kokuba sisetyenziswe.
Zonke iintlobo zeziseko ezifuna udaka lokwakha zinokufunxwa kwamanzi okuthile. Ukuba ukugcinwa kwamanzi kodaka akukuhle, udaka oluxutyiweyo luya kufunxwa kwangoko xa udaka oluxutyiweyo ludibana nebhloko okanye isiseko ngexesha lokusetyenziswa kodaka. Kwangaxeshanye, umphezulu wangaphandle wodaka ukhupha amanzi aye emoyeni, nto leyo ebangela ukufuma okunganelanga kodaka ngenxa yokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, nto leyo echaphazela ukufuma okungakumbi kwesamente, kwaye kwangaxeshanye ichaphazela uphuhliso oluqhelekileyo lwamandla odaka, nto leyo ebangela amandla, ingakumbi ukudibana phakathi kodaka oluqinileyo kunye nomaleko wesiseko. uba sezantsi, nto leyo ebangela ukuba udaka luqhekeke kwaye luwe. Kwidaka elinokugcinwa kwamanzi okuhle, ukufuma kwesamente kwanele, amandla anokuphuhliswa ngokwesiqhelo, kwaye anokudityaniswa ngcono nomaleko wesiseko.
I-mortar exutyiweyo idla ngokwakhiwa phakathi kweebhloko ezifunxa amanzi okanye isasazwe kwisiseko, yenze into epheleleyo kunye nesiseko. Impembelelo yokugcinwa kakubi kwamanzi kwe-mortar kumgangatho weprojekthi yile ilandelayo:
1. Ngenxa yokulahleka kakhulu kwamanzi kwi-mortar, kuya kuchaphazela ukujiya okuqhelekileyo kunye nokuqina kwe-mortar, kwaye kunciphise amandla okubopha phakathi kwe-mortar kunye nomphezulu, okungekuphela nje ukuba yingozi kwimisebenzi yokwakha, kodwa kunciphisa namandla e-masonry, ngaloo ndlela kunciphisa kakhulu umgangatho weprojekthi.
2. Ukuba udaka aludibananga kakuhle, amanzi afunxwa lula zizitena, nto leyo eyenza udaka lome kakhulu kwaye lube lukhuni, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwalo kungalingani. Xa iprojekthi iphunyezwa, ayichaphazeli nje kuphela inkqubela phambili, kodwa ikwabangela udonga ukuba luqhekeke ngenxa yokuncipha;
Ngoko ke, ukwandisa ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwi-mortar akuncedi nje kuphela ekwakheni, kodwa kwandisa namandla.
B. Iindlela zemveli zokugcina amanzi
Isisombululo sendabuko kukunkcenkceshela isiseko, kodwa akunakwenzeka ukuqinisekisa ukuba isiseko simanziswe ngokulinganayo. Injongo efanelekileyo yokufunxa amanzi kwisamente kwisiseko kukuba: imveliso yokufunxa amanzi kwisamente ingena kwisiseko kunye nenkqubo yokufunxa amanzi kwisiseko, yenze "unxibelelwano oluphambili" olusebenzayo nesiseko, ukuze kufezekiswe amandla ebhondi afunekayo.
Ukunkcenkceshela ngqo kumphezulu wesiseko kuya kubangela ukusasazeka okukhulu ekufunxeni kwamanzi kwisiseko ngenxa yokwahluka kobushushu, ixesha lokunkcenkceshela, kunye nokufana kokunkcenkceshela. Isiseko sinofunxo oluncinci lwamanzi kwaye siya kuqhubeka nokufunxa amanzi kwi-mortar. Ngaphambi kokuba kuqhubeke ukufunxwa kwesamente, amanzi ayafunxwa, nto leyo echaphazela ukungena kwe-hydration yesamente kunye neemveliso ze-hydration kwi-matrix; isiseko sinofunxo olukhulu lwamanzi, kwaye amanzi kwi-mortar ageleza kwisiseko. Isantya sokufuduka esiphakathi sihamba kancinci, kwaye nomaleko otyebileyo wamanzi wenziwa phakathi kwe-mortar kunye ne-matrix, nto leyo echaphazela namandla e-bond. Ke ngoko, ukusebenzisa indlela eqhelekileyo yokunkcenkceshela isiseko akuyi kusilela nje ekusombululeni ngempumelelo ingxaki yokufunxwa kwamanzi amaninzi kwisiseko sodonga, kodwa kuya kuchaphazela amandla e-bond phakathi kwe-mortar kunye nesiseko, okubangela ukuqhekeka nokuqhekeka.
C. Indima yokugcina amanzi ngokufanelekileyo
Ukusebenza okuphezulu kokugcina amanzi kwesamente kuneengenelo ezininzi:
1. Ukusebenza kakuhle kokugcina amanzi kwenza i-mortar ivuleke ixesha elide, kwaye ineenzuzo zokwakha indawo enkulu, ubomi benkonzo ende kwi-emele, kunye nokuxuba iibhetshi kunye nokusetyenziswa kweebhetshi.
2. Ukusebenza kakuhle kokugcina amanzi kwenza isamente kwi-mortar ibe namanzi apheleleyo, nto leyo ephucula ngempumelelo ukusebenza kwe-mortar.
3. I-mortar inamandla okugcina amanzi kakuhle, nto leyo eyenza ukuba i-mortar ingahlukani nokuphuma kwegazi, kwaye iphucula ukusebenza kwayo kunye nokwakheka kwayo.
Ixesha leposi: Epreli-27-2023