Isixhobo sokunciphisa amanzi esisebenza kakuhle kakhulu sisixhobo esixutywa ngamakhemikhali esisetyenziswa kakhulu kuyilo lomxube wekhonkrithi. Umsebenzi waso ophambili kukuphucula ukunyibilika kunye nokuqina kwekhonkrithi ngokunciphisa umlinganiselo wamanzi nesamente ngaphandle kokuchaphazela amandla kunye nokuqina kwekhonkrithi.
1. Phucula ubuncinci bekhonkrithi
Isinciphisi samanzi esisebenza kakuhle siphucula ubungqindilili bekhonkrithi kwaye sinciphise ukubola ngokunciphisa ubungakanani bamanzi axutywayo. Ulwakhiwo lwekhonkrithi exineneyo lunokuthintela ngempumelelo ukungena kwezinto eziyingozi zangaphandle (ezifana namanzi, ii-ion ze-chloride kunye nee-sulfates, njl.njl.), ngaloo ndlela luphucula ukungakwazi ukungena kunye nokumelana neqhwa kwekhonkrithi. Ubungqindilili obuphuculweyo bunokunciphisa amanzi eembobo ngaphakathi kwekhonkrithi, kunciphisa uxinzelelo lokwandiswa olubangelwa kukuqandisa kwamanzi eembobo ngexesha lomjikelo wokuqandisa kwekhonkrithi, ngaloo ndlela kunciphisa umonakalo wokuqandisa.
2. Ukuphucula ukumelana nokukhukuliseka kweekhemikhali zekhonkrithi
Isixhobo sokunciphisa amanzi esisebenza kakuhle kakhulu sinokuphucula ukumelana nokukhukuliseka kweekhemikhali zekhonkrithi. Oku kungenxa yokuba isakhiwo sekhonkrithi esixineneyo senza kube nzima ukuba iikhemikhali eziyingozi zingene kwikhonkrithi, ngaloo ndlela zicothisa inkqubo yokukhukuliseka kweekhemikhali. Umzekelo, kwindawo equlethe i-chlorine, izinga lokungena kwee-ion ze-chloride liya kucotha, ngaloo ndlela longeza ixesha lokukhukuliseka kwentsimbi kwaye kuphuculwe ukuqina kwekhonkrithi eqinisiweyo.
3. Phucula ukumelana nokuqhekeka kwekhonkrithi
Ekubeni izixhobo zokunciphisa amanzi ezisebenzayo kakhulu zinokunciphisa ubuninzi bamanzi axutywayo, izinga lokuncipha kwekhonkrithi, ingakumbi ukuncipha kweplastiki kunye nokuncipha kokomisa, liyancitshiswa. Ukuncipha okuncinci kunciphisa umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwekhonkrithi, ngaloo ndlela kuphucula ukuqina kwayo yonke. Ukunciphisa ukuqhekeka kwekhonkrithi akuncedi nje kuphela kubuhle kunye nokuthembeka kwesakhiwo, kodwa kunciphisa nethuba lokuba izinto eziyingozi zangaphandle zingene kwikhonkrithi ngeemingxunya.
4. Ukuphucula iipropati zoomatshini zekhonkrithi
Izinciphisi zamanzi ezisebenzayo kakhulu zinokuphucula kakhulu amandla okuqala kunye namandla exesha elide ekhonkrithi, nto leyo enefuthe elibalulekileyo ekuqineni kwezakhiwo zekhonkrithi. Ikhonkrithi enamandla aphezulu ayinayo inguqunguquko ingako xa ithwalwa ixesha elide, ayixhathisi kakuhle xa iqhekeka, kwaye inokumelana ngcono nokukhukuliseka kwezinto ezingqongileyo. Ukongeza, amandla aphezulu okuqala anceda ukunciphisa ixesha lokubola, ukukhawulezisa inkqubela yokwakha, kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zokwakha.
5. Impembelelo kubunzulu bekhabhoni yekhonkrithi
Isiphumo sezixhobo zokunciphisa amanzi ezisebenzayo kakhulu kubunzulu bekhonkrithi yokukhaba icarbon dioxide sinzima ngakumbi. Kwelinye icala, izixhobo zokunciphisa amanzi ziphucula ukuxinana kwekhonkrithi, zenza kube nzima ukuba ikhabhoni diokside ingene, ngaloo ndlela zinciphise izinga lekhabhoni; kwelinye icala, ngenxa yesiphumo sezixhobo zokunciphisa amanzi, kunokubakho amasuntswana esamente angamanzi ngokupheleleyo ngaphakathi kwikhonkrithi, anokuvelisa iimbobo ezithile ngexesha lenkqubo yokukhaba icarbon dioxide kamva, nto leyo enokunyusa ubunzulu bekhabhoni. Ke ngoko, kwizicelo ezisebenzayo, kuyimfuneko ukuqwalasela ngokupheleleyo izinto ezahlukeneyo kwaye usebenzise izixhobo zokunciphisa amanzi ngokufanelekileyo.
6. Phucula ukumelana neqhwa kwekhonkrithi
Izixhobo zokunciphisa amanzi ezisebenza kakuhle kakhulu zinokuphucula kakhulu ukumelana neqhwa lekhonkrithi. Oku kungenxa yokuba izixhobo zokunciphisa amanzi zinciphisa ubuninzi bokuxuba amanzi kwikhonkrithi, ngaloo ndlela zinciphisa umxholo wamanzi okhululekileyo ngaphakathi kwikhonkrithi. Kwiimeko eziphantsi kobushushu, ukuqandisa kwamanzi akhululekileyo kuya kubangela ukwanda komthamo, ngaloo ndlela kubangele ukuqhekeka kwekhonkrithi. Ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokunciphisa amanzi ezisebenza kakuhle kunciphisa umxholo wamanzi okhululekileyo, ngaloo ndlela kunciphisa umonakalo kwikhonkrithi obangelwa yimijikelo yokuqandisa nokunyibilikisa.
Izinciphisi zamanzi ezisebenzayo kakhulu ziphucula kakhulu ukuqina kwekhonkrithi ngokuphucula ubuncinci, ukumelana nokugqwala ngamakhemikhali, ukumelana nokuqhekeka kunye nokumelana neqabaka kwekhonkrithi. Nangona kunjalo, kwizicelo ezithile, izinciphisi zamanzi kufuneka zikhethwe ngokufanelekileyo kwaye zisetyenziswe ngokweemfuno zobunjineli kunye neemeko zokusingqongileyo ukuze kufezekiswe isiphumo esihle sokuqina. Kwangaxeshanye, kufuneka kwenziwe uvavanyo oluyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwesinciphisi samanzi esisebenza kakuhle kunokuphucula ngokwenene ukuqina kwekhonkrithi.
Ixesha leposi: Julayi-30-2024