I-ether yeseliyi-cellulose yendalo (umqhaphu ocociweyo kunye ne-pulp yomthi, njl.njl.) njengezinto eziluhlaza, emva kokufakelwa kwe-ether kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zee-derivatives, yi-cellulose macromolecule hydroxyl hydrogen yi-ether group ngokuyinxenye okanye ngokupheleleyo emva kokwenziwa kweemveliso, yi-derivatives esezantsi ye-cellulose. I-Cellulose inokunyibilika emanzini, inyibilikise isisombululo se-alkali kunye ne-organic solvent emva kokufakelwa kwe-ether, kwaye ineempawu ze-thermoplastic. Uhlobo lwe-Cellulose ether, olusetyenziswa kakhulu ekwakheni, kwisamente, ekugqumeni, kumayeza, ekutyeni, kwi-petroleum, kwi-daily chemical, kwi-textile, kwi-paper and electronic components nakwezinye ii-industrial. Ngokwenani lezinto ezithatha indawo zingahlulwa zibe yi-ether enye kunye ne-mixed ether, ngokwe-ionization ingahlulwa ibe yi-ionic cellulose ether kunye ne-non-ionic cellulose ether. Okwangoku, inkqubo yokuvelisa imveliso ye-ionic cellulose ether ivuthiwe, kulula ukuyenza kwaye ixabisa kancinci, imiqobo yeshishini ephantsi, esetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-food additives, kwi-textile additives, kwi-daily chemical nakwezinye ii-fields, yimveliso ephambili kwimarike.
Okwangoku, i-cellulose ether ephambili ehlabathiniI-CMC, i-HPMC, i-MC, i-HECkunye nezinye ezininzi,I-CMCimveliso yeyona inkulu, ithatha malunga nesiqingatha semveliso yehlabathi, ngelixa i-HPMC kunye ne-MC zombini zithatha malunga ne-33% yemfuno yehlabathi, i-HEC ithatha malunga ne-13% yemarike yehlabathi. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekusetyenzisweni kwe-carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) yisepha, ithatha malunga ne-22% yemfuno yemarike esezantsi, kwaye ezinye iimveliso zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwizixhobo zokwakha, ukutya kunye namayeza.
Ii. Usetyenziso olusezantsi
Kwixesha elidlulileyo, ngenxa yophuhliso oluncinci lwemfuno ye-cellulose ether kwiikhemikhali zemihla ngemihla, amayeza, ukutya, ii-coating kunye nezinye iindawo eTshayina, imfuno ye-cellulose ether eTshayina igxile kakhulu kwicandelo lezixhobo zokwakha, kude kube namhlanje, ishishini lezixhobo zokwakha lisathatha i-33% yemfuno ye-cellulose ether eTshayina. Kwaye njenge-cellulose ether yaseTshayina kwicandelo lemfuno yezinto zokwakha iye yagcwala, kwiikhemikhali zemihla ngemihla, amayeza, ukutya, ii-coating kunye nezinye iindawo zemfuno zikhula ngokukhawuleza ngophuhliso lwetekhnoloji yesicelo. Umzekelo, kwiminyaka yakutshanje, i-capsule yesityalo ene-cellulose ether njengezinto eziphambili ezikrwada, kunye neemveliso ezivelayo ezenziwe ngenyama yokwenziwa ene-cellulose ether zinamathuba amaninzi emfuno kunye nendawo yokukhula.
Kwicandelo lezixhobo zokwakha, umzekelo, i-cellulose ether enokuqina, ukugcinwa kwamanzi, ukucotha komoya kunye nezinye iimpawu ezintle, ngoko ke i-cellulose ether yezinga lezixhobo zokwakha isetyenziswa kakhulu ukuphucula ukusebenza kweemveliso zezixhobo zokwakha kubandakanya i-mortar exutyiweyo esele ilungisiwe (kubandakanya i-mortar exutyiweyo emanzi kunye ne-mortar exutyiweyo eyomileyo), ukuveliswa kwe-resin ye-PVC, ipeyinti ye-latex, i-putty, njl. Ngenxa yokuphuculwa kwenqanaba lokufudukela kwabantu ezidolophini eTshayina, uphuhliso olukhawulezileyo lweshishini lezixhobo zokwakha, inqanaba loomatshini bokwakha liyaqhubeka nokuphucuka, kwaye iimfuno zabathengi zokusingqongileyo zezixhobo zokwakha ziya ziphakama, nto leyo ekhokelela kwimfuno ye-non-ionic cellulose ether kwicandelo lezixhobo zokwakha. Ngexesha le-13th Five-Year Plan, iTshayina yakhawulezisa ukuhlaziywa kweendawo ezidilikileyo kunye nezindlu ezidilikileyo ezidolophini, kwaye yomeleza ukwakhiwa kweziseko zophuhliso zasezidolophini, kubandakanya ukukhawulezisa ukuhlaziywa kweendawo ezidilikileyo kunye neelali ezixineneyo ezidolophini, kunye nokukhuthaza ngocwangco ukuhlaziywa okubanzi kweendawo zokuhlala ezindala kunye nokuhlaziywa kwezindlu ezindala ezidilikileyo kunye neeseti zezindlu ezingaphelelanga. Kwisiqingatha sokuqala sowama-2021, kwaqaliswa indawo yokuhlala eyi-755.15 yezigidi zeemitha zesikwere, inyuke nge-5.5 ekhulwini. Indawo yokuhlala egqityiweyo yi-364.81 yezigidi zeemitha zesikwere, inyuke nge-25.7%. Ukubuyela kwakhona kwendawo yokuhlala egqityiweyo kuya kuqhuba imfuno efanelekileyo kwicandelo lezixhobo zokwakha ze-cellulose ether.
3. Indlela yokhuphiswano lwemarike
I-China lilizwe lehlabathi elivelisa i-cellulose ether, okwangoku i-cellulose ether ikwinqanaba lezixhobo zokwakha zasekhaya, ngokusisiseko ifikelele kwindawo yayo, i-Anxin Chemistry ikhokela amashishini kwicandelo le-cellulose ether, abanye abavelisi basekhaya abakhulu baquka iKima Chemical njl. Inqanaba lokugquma, i-pharmaceutical food grade cellulose ether okwangoku ikakhulu yi-United States Dow, Ashland, Japan shinetsu, South Korea Lotte kunye nezinye ii-monopoly zangaphandle. Ukongeza kwi-Anxin chemistry, uninzi lwamashishini amancinci luvelisa imodeli eqhelekileyo yezixhobo zokwakha ze-cellulose ether, kwaye akukho mandla okuvelisa iimveliso zokutya kunye namayeza aphezulu.
Isine, imeko yokungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle kwe-cellulose ether
Ngowama-2020, ngenxa yobhubhane lwaphesheya kwezilwandle, kwakhokelela ekwehleni kwamandla emveliso yamashishini angaphandle, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwe-cellulose ether eTshayina kwabonisa ukukhula okukhawulezileyo, ngo-2020 ukufezekisa ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwe-cellulose ether ngeetoni ezingama-77,272. Nangona umthamo wokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe we-cellulose ether eTshayina ukhula ngokukhawuleza, iimveliso zokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe zisekelwe kakhulu kwi-cellulose ether yezinto zokwakha, ngelixa umthamo wokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe we-cellulose ether yezonyango neyokutya umncinci kakhulu, kwaye ixabiso elongezelelweyo leemveliso zokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe liphantsi. Okwangoku, umthamo wokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe we-cellulose ether eTshayina uphindwe kane umthamo wokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe, kodwa umthamo wokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe ungaphantsi kabini inani lokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe. Kwintsimi yeemveliso eziphezulu, inkqubo yokutshintshwa kwe-cellulose ether yasekhaya iseyindawo enkulu yophuhliso.
Ixesha leposi: Epreli-25-2024