Eteri ya selulosini selulosi karemano (ipamba itunganyijwe n'ibiti, nibindi) nk'ibikoresho fatizo, nyuma yo guhindurwamo ibintu bitandukanye, ni selulosi macromolecule hydroxyl hydrogen ivanywe mu itsinda rya eteri igasimburwa igice cyangwa burundu nyuma yo gushingwa kw'ibicuruzwa, ni ibikomoka kuri selulosi. Selulosi ishobora gushonga mu mazi, igatonyanga umuti wa alkali na organic solvent nyuma yo guhindurwamo ether, kandi ifite imiterere ya thermoplastic. Ubwoko bwa eteri ya selulosi, bukoreshwa cyane mu bwubatsi, sima, gusiga irangi, imiti, ibiryo, peteroli, imiti ya buri munsi, imyenda, impapuro n'ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki n'izindi nganda. Dukurikije umubare w'ibintu bishobora guhindurwamo eteri imwe na eteri ivanze, dukurikije ionization ishobora kugabanywamo eteri ya ionic cellulose na eteri ya non-ionic cellulose. Kuri ubu, ionic cellulose ether ionic ikorwa mu buryo bw'ingufu, byoroshye gukora kandi bihendutse, imbogamizi nke mu nganda, zikoreshwa cyane cyane mu biryo, ibivange by'imyenda, imiti ya buri munsi n'ibindi, ni byo bicuruzwa by'ingenzi ku isoko.
Muri iki gihe, eteri ya cellulose ikoreshwa cyane ku isi niCMC, HPMC, MC, HECn'abandi benshi,CMCUmusaruro ni wo munini kurusha iyindi, ugizwe na kimwe cya kabiri cy'umusaruro ku isi, mu gihe HPMC na MC byombi bigira hafi 33% by'ibikenewe ku isi, HEC igizwe na hafi 13% by'isoko ku isi. Ikoreshwa ry'ingenzi rya carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) ni isabune, igizwe na hafi 22% by'ibikenewe ku isoko, kandi ibindi bicuruzwa bikoreshwa cyane cyane mu bwubatsi, ibiribwa n'imiti.
Ii. Porogaramu iri imbere
Mu bihe byashize, bitewe n’iterambere rito ry’ingufu za cellulose ether mu bintu bikoreshwa buri munsi, mu buvuzi, mu biribwa, mu byo gusiga no mu bindi bikorwa mu Bushinwa, ingufu za cellulose ether mu Bushinwa zibanda cyane cyane mu bijyanye n’ibikoresho by’ubwubatsi, kugeza uyu munsi, inganda z’ibikoresho by’ubwubatsi ziracyafata 33% by’ingufu za cellulose ether mu Bushinwa. Kandi kimwe na cellulose ether yo mu Bushinwa mu bijyanye n’ibikoresho by’ubwubatsi, ingufu za cellulose ether mu bijyanye n’ibikoresho by’ubwubatsi zariyongereye cyane, mu bintu bikoreshwa buri munsi, mu buvuzi, mu biribwa, mu byo gusiga no mu bindi bikorwa birimo kwiyongera cyane bitewe n’iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga rikoreshwa. Urugero, mu myaka ya vuba aha, capsule y’ibimera ifite cellulose ether nk’ibikoresho by’ibanze, ndetse n’ibicuruzwa bishya bikozwe mu nyama z’ubukorano bifite ether ya cellulose ether bifite amahirwe menshi yo gukenera no gukura.
Mu rwego rw'ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi, urugero, eteri ya selulosi ifite ubunini, ifata amazi, igabanuka ry'amazi n'ibindi byiza, bityo eteri ya selulosi yo mu rwego rw'ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi ikoreshwa cyane mu kunoza imikorere y'ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi birimo sima ivanze neza (harimo sima ivanze n'amazi n'imyanya yumye), gukora resini ya PVC, irangi rya latex, putty, nibindi. Bitewe n'iterambere ry'urwego rw'imijyi mu Bushinwa, iterambere ryihuse ry'inganda z'ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi, urwego rw'imashini z'ubwubatsi rukomeje gutera imbere, kandi ibisabwa n'abaguzi ku bidukikije ku bikoresho by'ubwubatsi birimo kwiyongera cyane, bigatuma hakenerwa eteri ya selulosi idafite ionic mu rwego rw'ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi. Mu gihe cya gahunda y'imyaka itanu ya 13, Ubushinwa bwihutishije kuvugurura ahantu hangiritse n'amazu yangiritse mu mijyi, kandi bushimangira iyubakwa ry'ibikorwa remezo by'imijyi, harimo kwihutisha kuvugurura ahantu hangiritse n'imidugudu mu mijyi, no guteza imbere ku buryo burambuye kuvugurura ahantu hashaje ho gutura no kuvugurura amazu ashaje n'amazu atuzuye. Mu gice cya mbere cya 2021, hatangiye gukoreshwa metero kare miliyoni 755.15 z'ubuso bw'amazu, byiyongereyeho 5.5 ku ijana. Ubuso bw'amazu yuzuye ni metero kare miliyoni 364.81, byiyongereyeho 25.7%. Gusubirana ubuso bw'ubutaka bwuzuye bizatuma hakenerwa ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi bya ether ya cellulose.
3. Imiterere y'irushanwa ku isoko
Ubushinwa ni igihugu cy’isi yose gitunganya eteri ya selulosi, muri iki gihe cy’ibikoresho by’ubwubatsi byo mu rugo, eteri ya selulosi imaze kugera ku rwego rwo hejuru, Anxin Chemistry iyoboye ibigo mu bijyanye na eteri ya selulosi, izindi nganda zikomeye zo mu gihugu nazo zirimo Kima Chemical nibindi. Urwego rwo gusiga, eteri ya selulosi yo mu rwego rw’imiti ubu igizwe ahanini na Dow, Ashland, Ubuyapani, Shinetsu, Koreya y’Epfo Lotte n’izindi nganda zikorera mu mahanga. Uretse shimi ya Anxin, toni zirenga ibihumbi icumi z’ibigo, toni ibihumbi z’ibigo bito bito bidafite ionic, byinshi muri ibyo bigo bito bitanga eteri ya selulosi yo mu rwego rw’imiti isanzwe, kandi nta mbaraga zo gukora ibindi bicuruzwa by’ibiribwa n’imiti bigezweho.
Icya kane, ikibazo cyo kwinjiza no kohereza mu mahanga imyuka ya selulose
Mu 2020, bitewe n’icyorezo cyo mu mahanga byatumye ubushobozi bw’ibigo by’amahanga mu gukora bugabanuka, ibyoherezwa mu mahanga bya cellulose ether mu Bushinwa byagaragaje iterambere ryihuse, mu 2020 bigeza kuri toni 77.272 zoherezwa mu mahanga za cellulose ether. Nubwo ingano ya cellulose ether yoherezwa mu mahanga mu Bushinwa yiyongera vuba, ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga bishingiye ahanini ku bikoresho by’ubwubatsi bya cellulose ether, mu gihe ingano ya cellulose ether yoherezwa mu mahanga mu buvuzi n’ibiribwa ari nto cyane, kandi agaciro k’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga ni gato. Kuri ubu, ingano ya cellulose ether yoherezwa mu mahanga mu Bushinwa ikubye inshuro enye ingano y’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga, ariko ingano y’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga ikubye inshuro ebyiri ingano y’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga. Mu rwego rw’ibicuruzwa byo mu gihugu, inzira yo gusimbuza ether yoherezwa mu mahanga ya cellulose ether iracyari ahantu hanini ho guteza imbere.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 25 Mata 2024