Potso e potlakileng mabapi le li-ether tsa cellulose

Li-ether tsa cellulose ke sehlopha se fapaneng sa metsoako ea lik'hemik'hale e nkiloeng ho cellulose, e leng polymer ea tlhaho e ngata ka ho fetisisa Lefatšeng. Metsoako ena e sebelisitsoe haholo liindastering tse fapaneng ka lebaka la thepa ea eona e ikhethang le lits'ebetso tse fapaneng.

Sebopeho le Matlotlo aLi-Ether tsa Cellulose
Cellulose, polysaccharide e nang le diyuniti tsa glucose tse pheta-phetoang tse hokahantsweng ke dibonto tsa glycosidic tsa β(1→4), e sebetsa e le karolo ya mantlha ya sebopeho maboteng a sele a dimela. Di-ether tsa cellulose di etswa ka ho fetola dihlopha tsa hydroxyl (-OH) ka dikhemikhale tse teng molek'huleng ya cellulose. Mefuta e tlwaelehileng haholo ya di-ether tsa cellulose e kenyeletsa methyl cellulose (MC), hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), le ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (EHEC).

Ho nkeloa sebaka ha lihlopha tsa hydroxyl ka har'a cellulose ka lihlopha tse fapaneng tse sebetsang ho fetola litšobotsi tsa li-ether tsa cellulose tse hlahisoang. Mohlala, ho hlahisoa ha lihlopha tsa methyl ho ntlafatsa ho qhibiliha ha metsi le thepa ea ho etsa filimi, e leng se etsang hore MC e lokele ho sebelisoa meriana, lihlahisoa tsa lijo le thepa ea kaho. Ka mokhoa o ts'oanang, ho kenyelletsoa ha lihlopha tsa hydroxyethyl kapa hydroxypropyl ho ntlafatsa ho boloka metsi, bokhoni ba ho teteana le ho khomarela, ho etsa hore li-additi tsa HEC le HPC e be tsa bohlokoa lihlahisoa tsa tlhokomelo ea botho, lipente le likhomaretsi. Carboxymethyl cellulose, e hlahisoang ka ho nkela lihlopha tsa hydroxyl sebaka ka lihlopha tsa carboxymethyl, e bonts'a litšobotsi tse ntle tsa ho boloka metsi, botsitso le ho teteana, e leng se etsang hore e sebelisoe haholo indastering ea lijo, meriana, le e le sehlomathiso sa mokelikeli oa ho cheka lefapheng la oli le khase.

Tekanyo ea phetolo (DS), e bontšang palo e tloaelehileng ea lihlopha tsa hydroxyl tse nkeloang sebaka ka yuniti ea glucose ho cellulose, e susumetsa haholo litšobotsi tsa li-ether tsa cellulose. Litekanyetso tse phahameng tsa DS hangata li fella ka ho eketseha ha ho qhibiliha, ho teteana le botsitso, empa phetolo e feteletseng e ka beha kotsing ea ho bola ha lintho tse phelang le litšobotsi tse ling tse lakatsehang tsa li-ether tsa cellulose.

Ho kopanngoa ha Cellulose Ethers
Ho kopanngoa ha li-ether tsa cellulose ho kenyelletsa liketso tsa lik'hemik'hale tse hlahisang lihlopha tse nkeloang sebaka mokokotlong oa cellulose. E 'ngoe ea mekhoa e tloaelehileng ea ho hlahisa li-ether tsa cellulose ke ho etherification ea cellulose ho sebelisoa li-reagent tse loketseng tlas'a maemo a laoloang.

Mohlala, tlhahiso ea methyl cellulose hangata e kenyelletsa karabelo ea cellulose ka li-hydroxide tsa tšepe tsa alkali ho hlahisa cellulose ea alkali, e lateloa ke phekolo ka methyl chloride kapa dimethyl sulfate ho kenya lihlopha tsa methyl ka har'a ketane ea cellulose. Ka mokhoa o ts'oanang, hydroxypropyl cellulose le hydroxyethyl cellulose li hlahisoa ka ho kopanya cellulose le propylene oxide kapa ethylene oxide, ka ho latellana, moo ho nang le li-catalyst tsa alkali.

Selulose ea Carboxymethyl e hlahisoa ka karabelo ea selulose ka sodium hydroxide le chloroacetic acid kapa letsoai la eona la sodium. Ts'ebetso ea carboxymethylation e etsahala ka ho nkeloa sebaka ke nucleophilic, moo sehlopha sa hydroxyl sa selulose se arabelang le chloroacetic acid ho theha khokahano ea ether ea carboxymethyl.

Ho kopanngoa ha li-ether tsa cellulose ho hloka taolo e hlokolosi ea maemo a karabelo, joalo ka mocheso, pH, le nako ea karabelo, ho fihlela tekanyo e lakatsehang ea ho nkeloa sebaka le thepa ea sehlahisoa. Ho feta moo, mehato ea tlhoekiso hangata e sebelisoa ho tlosa lihlahisoa tse ling le litšila, ho netefatsa boleng le botsitso ba li-ether tsa cellulose.

Litšebeliso tsa Cellulose Ethers
Li-ether tsa cellulose li fumana lits'ebetso tse pharaletseng liindastering tse fapaneng ka lebaka la thepa ea tsona e fapaneng le ts'ebetso. Tse ling tsa lits'ebetso tsa bohlokoa li kenyelletsa:

Indasteri ea Lijo:Li-ether tsa selulosetse kang carboxymethyl cellulose hangata li sebelisoa e le lintho tse tiisang, tse tiisang, le tse kopanyang lihlahisoa tsa lijo tse kang lisoso, li-dressing le ice cream. Li ntlafatsa sebopeho, ho teteana le botsitso ba shelofo ha li ntse li ntlafatsa maikutlo a molomo le ho lokolloa ha tatso.

Meriana: Methyl cellulose le hydroxypropyl cellulose li sebelisoa haholo mefuteng ea meriana e le li-binder, disintegrants, le li-agent tse laoloang tsa ho lokolla matlapeng, li-capsules le mefuteng ea letlalo. Li-ether tsena tsa cellulose li ntlafatsa ho tsamaisoa ha meriana, ho fumaneha ha eona 'meleng le ho latela melao ea mokuli.

Lisebelisoa tsa Kaho: Methyl cellulose le hydroxyethyl cellulose li sebelisoa indastering ea kaho e le lintho tse eketsang li-mortar tse thehiloeng samente, li-plaster le li-glue tsa tile ho ntlafatsa ho sebetsa hantle, ho boloka metsi le thepa ea li-glue. Li ntlafatsa ho kopana, li fokotsa ho petsoha, 'me li ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea lisebelisoa tsa kaho.

Lihlahisoa tsa Tlhokomelo ea Motho ka Mong: Hydroxyethyl cellulose le hydroxypropyl cellulose ke metsoako e tloaelehileng lihlahisoa tsa tlhokomelo ea motho ka mong tse kang shampoo, lotions le litlolo tse tlotsitsoeng ka k'hemik'hale.

o thepa ea tsona ea ho tenya, ho tsitsisa le ho etsa filimi. Li ntlafatsa botsitso ba sehlahisoa, sebopeho le maikutlo a letlalo ha ka nako e ts'oanang li ntlafatsa botsitso ba sebopeho.

Dipente le Dikobo: Di-ether tsa cellulose di sebetsa e le diphetoho tsa rheology, di-thickeners, le di-stabilizer penteng, dikobong le dikhomaretsing, di ntlafatsa thepa ya tshebediso, boitshwaro ba phallo, le ho thehwa ha filimi. Di ntlafatsa taolo ya viscosity, ho hanyetsa ho wa, le botsitso ba mmala mefuteng e thehilweng metsing.

Indasteri ea Oli le Khase: Carboxymethyl cellulose e sebelisoa e le sesebelisoa sa ho fetola viscosity le sesebelisoa sa taolo ea tahlehelo ea mokelikeli marong a ho cheka bakeng sa ho hlahloba le ho hlahisa oli le khase. E ntlafatsa rheology ea mokelikeli, ho hloekisa masoba le botsitso ba lithapo ha ka nako e ts'oanang e thibela tšenyo ea sebopeho.

Indasteri ea Masela: Li-ether tsa cellulose li sebelisoa ho hatiseng masela, ho daea le ho qeta mekhoa ea ho ntlafatsa tlhaloso ea khatiso, tlhahiso ea 'mala le bonolo ba masela. Li nolofalletsa ho hasana ha 'mala, ho khomarela likhoele, le ho potlaka ha ho hlatsuoa ha masela ts'ebelisong ea masela.

Li-ether tsa selulosee emela sehlopha se fapaneng sa metsoako ea lik'hemik'hale e tsoang ho cellulose, e fanang ka mefuta e mengata ea thepa le mesebetsi bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse fapaneng tsa indasteri. Ka liphetoho tse laoloang tsa lik'hemik'hale tsa mokokotlo oa cellulose, li-ether tsa cellulose li bontša litšobotsi tse lakatsehang tse kang ho qhibiliha ha metsi, taolo ea viscosity, le botsitso, e leng se etsang hore e be li-additives tsa bohlokoa liindastering tse tlohang lijong le meriana ho ea kahong le masela. Ha tlhoko ea thepa e tsitsitseng le e mosa tikolohong e ntse e eketseha, li-ether tsa cellulose li ikemiselitse ho bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho fihlelleng litlhoko tse ntseng li fetoha tsa liindasteri tsa sejoale-joale ha li ntse li fokotsa tšusumetso ea tikoloho.