Uburyo bwo gukora n'imikorere ya hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC)

I. Intangiriro

Hydroxyethyl Cellulose (HEC) ni polymer idashonga mu mazi ikoreshwa cyane mu gucukura amavuta, gusiga irangi, kubaka, imiti ya buri munsi, gukora impapuro n'ibindi. HEC iboneka binyuze mu guhindura cellulose mu buryo bwa shimi, kandi imiterere yayo n'imikoreshereze yayo bigenwa ahanini n'ibintu bisimbura hydroxyethyl kuri molekile za cellulose.

II. Uburyo bwo gukora

Uburyo bwo gukora HEC bukubiyemo ahanini intambwe zikurikira: etherization ya cellulose, gukaraba, gukura amazi mu mubiri, kumisha no gusya. Ibi bikurikira ni intangiriro irambuye kuri buri ntambwe:

Guhindura imiterere ya selulosi

Selulosi ibanza kuvurwa na alkali kugira ngo ikore selulosi ya alkali (Cellulose Alkali). Ubusanzwe iyi nzira ikorerwa muri reactor, hakoreshejwe umuti wa sodium hydroxide kugira ngo ivure selulosi karemano kugira ngo ikore selulosi ya alkali. Uburyo bwo gukora imiti ni ubu bukurikira:

Akagari-OH + NaOH → Akagari-O-Na + H2OCell-OH + NaOH → Akagari-O-Na + H 2O

Hanyuma, selulosi ya alkali ihura na okiside ya ethylene igakora selulosi ya hydroxyethyl. Iyi reaction ikorwa munsi y'umuvuduko mwinshi, ubusanzwe 30-100°C, kandi reaction yihariye ni iyi ikurikira:

Akagari-O-Na + CH2CH2O → Akagari-O-CH2CH2OHCell-O-Na + CH 2CH 2O → Akagari-O-CH 2CH 2OH

Iyi gahunda isaba kugenzura neza ubushyuhe, umuvuduko n'ingano ya ethylene oxide kugira ngo habeho ubwiza n'ubuziranenge bw'umusaruro.

Gukaraba

HEC ikomokaho ubusanzwe iba irimo alkali idakora neza, okiside ya ethylene n'ibindi bikomoka kuri yo, bigomba gukurwaho hakoreshejwe amazi menshi cyangwa gukaraba hakoreshejwe organic solvent. Amazi menshi arakenewe mu gihe cyo gukaraba amazi, kandi amazi yanduye nyuma yo gukaraba agomba gusukurwa no gukurwamo.

Kubura amazi mu mubiri

HEC itose nyuma yo gukaraba igomba gukurwamo amazi, akenshi hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kuyungurura umwuka cyangwa gutandukanya amazi n'amazi kugira ngo igabanye ubushuhe.

Kumisha

HEC yangiritse iramishwa, akenshi hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kumisha bukoresha spray cyangwa flash dryer. Ubushyuhe n'igihe bigomba kugenzurwa neza mu gihe cyo kumisha kugira ngo hirindwe kwangirika cyangwa kwivanga kw'ibimera.

Gusya

Agace ka HEC kumutse gakeneye gusya no gushungurwa kugira ngo gashobore gukwirakwira neza mu buryo bumwe, hanyuma gakore ifu cyangwa umusaruro w’ibinyabutabire.

III. Ibiranga imikorere

Gushonga kw'amazi

HEC ifite ubushobozi bwo gushonga neza mu mazi kandi ishobora gushonga vuba haba mu mazi akonje cyangwa ashyushye kugira ngo ikore umuti ubonerana cyangwa ubonerana. Ubu buryo bwo gushonga butuma ikoreshwa cyane nk'ikintu gikomeza gushonga no gushimangira mu gusiga no mu bicuruzwa bya buri munsi bya shimi.

Ubunini

HEC igaragaza ingaruka zikomeye zo gukurura amazi, kandi ubukana bwayo buriyongera uko uburemere bwa molekile bwiyongera. Ubu buryo bwo gukurura butuma igira uruhare mu gukurura, kubika amazi no kunoza imikorere y'ubwubatsi mu gutwikira amazi no mu byuma bikoreshwa mu bwubatsi.

Inyigisho ya Rheology

Umuti w’amazi wa HEC ufite imiterere yihariye ya rheological, kandi ubushyuhe bwawo buhinduka bitewe n’impinduka z’umuvuduko wo gukata, bigaragaza ko shear yagabanutse cyangwa ko ari pseudoplastic. Iyi miterere ya rheological ituma ihindura imiterere y’amazi n’imikorere y’inyubako mu gusiga no mu mazi acukurwa mu bicukurwa.

Guteranya no guhagarika imiti

HEC ifite ubushobozi bwo gukurura no gukurura ibintu, ishobora gutuma uduce duto cyangwa ibitonyanga bihagarara mu buryo bwo gukwirakwira kugira ngo hirindwe ko ibintu bitandukana cyangwa bigahinduka. Kubwibyo, HEC ikunze gukoreshwa mu bicuruzwa nka emulsion coating na suspensions.

Kubora kw'ibinyabuzima

HEC ni ikintu gikomoka kuri selulosi karemano gifite ubushobozi bwo kwangirika neza, ntigihumanya ibidukikije, kandi cyujuje ibisabwa mu kurengera ibidukikije.

IV. Ahantu ho Gusaba

Imyambaro

Mu gusiga irangi rishingiye ku mazi, HEC ikoreshwa nk'ikintu gikomeza ubushyuhe no gushimangira ubushyuhe kugira ngo yongere ubushyuhe, imikorere y'inyubako ndetse n'ubushobozi bwo kwirinda kugwa kw'irangi.

Ubwubatsi

Mu bikoresho by'ubwubatsi, HEC ikoreshwa mu byuma bikozwe muri sima n'ifu ya putty kugira ngo inoze imikorere y'ubwubatsi no kubika amazi.

Imiti ya buri munsi

Mu isabune, shampoo, n'amavuta yo koza amenyo, HEC ikoreshwa nk'umuti wongera ubushyuhe n'ubudahangarwa kugira ngo yongere ibyiyumvo n'ubudahangarwa bw'umuti. 

Ibigo bya peteroli

Mu gucukura no gucukura ibikomoka kuri peteroli, HEC ikoreshwa mu guhindura imiterere y’ibikomoka kuri peteroli n’imiterere y’ibikomoka kuri peteroli no kunoza imikorere myiza n’umutekano by’ibikomoka kuri peteroli.

Gukora impapuro

Mu gikorwa cyo gukora impapuro, HEC ikoreshwa mu kugenzura uburyo impapuro zigenda zihinduka no kunoza imiterere y’impapuro n’imiterere yazo.

Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) yakoreshejwe cyane mu nganda nyinshi bitewe n’uburyo ishonga neza mu mazi, ikagira ubunini, imiterere yayo ya rheological, ubushobozi bwayo bwo gushonga no kuyihagarika, ndetse no kwangirika neza kw’ibinyabuzima. Uburyo bwo kuyikora buracyari bugeze ku rugero rukwiye. Binyuze mu ntambwe zo gushonga, gukaraba, kubura amazi, kumisha no gusya, ibikoresho bya HEC bifite imikorere ihamye n’ubwiza bukwiye bishobora gutegurwa. Mu gihe kizaza, hamwe no kunoza ibisabwa mu kurengera ibidukikije no guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga, amahirwe yo gukoresha HEC azaba menshi.