Ibyerekeye Selilulosi
Selulose ni polysaccharide nini igizwe na glucose. Iboneka ku bwinshi mu bimera bibisi n'ibinyabuzima byo mu mazi. Ni yo polymer ikwirakwira cyane kandi nini kurusha izindi mu bidukikije. Ifite ubushobozi bwo guhuza neza ubuzima, ishobora kongera gukoreshwa kandi ishobora kwangirika n'izindi nyungu. Binyuze muri fotosite, ibimera bishobora gukora toni miliyoni amagana za selulose buri mwaka.
Amahitamo yo gukoresha selulosi
Selulosi gakondo yagabanyije ikoreshwa ryayo cyane bitewe n’imiterere yayo isanzwe n’iya chimique, mu gihe selulosi y’ibikoresho bya polimeri karemano ifite imiterere itandukanye nyuma yo gutunganywa no guhindurwa, ishobora guhaza ibyifuzo bitandukanye by’inganda zitandukanye. Imikoreshereze y’ibikoresho bya selulosi yabaye nk’ahantu nyaburanga hagezweho mu iterambere n’ubushakashatsi ku bikoresho bya polimeri.
Ibikomoka kuri selulosi bikorwa binyuze mu gupima cyangwa gupima amatsinda ya hydroxyl muri polymer za selulosi hamwe n’ibinyabutabire. Dukurikije imiterere y’ibikomoka kuri selulosi, ibikomoka kuri selulosi bishobora kugabanywamo ibice bitatu: eteri za selulosi, eteri za selulosi, na eteri za selulosi.
1. Eteri ya selulosi
Cellulose ether ni ijambo rusange risobanura urukurikirane rw'ibintu biva muri selulosi bigizwe n'uburyo selulosi ya alkali ikora n'ikintu gitanga etherifying mu bihe bimwe na bimwe. Cellulose ether ni ubwoko bw'ibintu biva muri selulosi bifite ubwoko butandukanye, imirima migari ikoreshwa, umusaruro munini n'agaciro gakomeye k'ubushakashatsi. Ikoreshwa ryayo rigizwe n'ibice byinshi nko mu nganda, ubuhinzi, inganda za shimi za buri munsi, kurengera ibidukikije, ikirere n'ubwirinzi bw'igihugu.
Eteri za selulosi zikoreshwa mu bucuruzi ni: selulosi ya methyl, selulosi ya karboksimeti, selulosi ya ethyl, selulosi ya hydroxyethyl, selulosi ya cyanoethyl, selulosi ya hydroxypropyl na selulosi ya hydroxypropyl methylcellulose n'ibindi.
2. Ester ya selulosi
Esters za selulosi zikoreshwa cyane mu bijyanye no kurinda igihugu, inganda z'ibinyabutabire, ibinyabuzima, ubuvuzi, ubwubatsi ndetse no mu by'indege.
Esters za selulosi zikoreshwa mu bucuruzi ni: nitrati ya selulosi, acetate ya selulosi, acetate ya selulosi butyrate na xanthate ya selulosi.
3. Eteri ya selulosi
Ester za eteri za selulosi ni ester-ether zivanze.
Ahantu ho gukoreshereza:
1. Ishami ry'imiti
Eteri ya selulosi na eteri bikoreshwa cyane mu buvuzi mu gukurura, gukurura, gusohora ibintu mu buryo buhoraho, gusohora ibintu mu buryo bugenzurwa, gukora firime n'ibindi bikorwa.
2. Aho gutwikira
Esters za selulosi zigira uruhare runini mu ikoreshwa ry'ubudodo.Esters za selulosizikoreshwa mu bikoresho byo gufunga, resins zahinduwe cyangwa ibikoresho byakozwe mbere yo gushushanya kugira ngo zitange irangi rifite imiterere myiza myinshi.
3. Urwego rw'ikoranabuhanga rya Membrane
Ibikoresho bya selulosi n'ibikomoka kuri byo bifite ibyiza byo gusohora umusaruro munini, imikorere ihamye, no kongera gukoreshwa. Binyuze mu guteranya urwego ku rundi, uburyo bwo guhindura ibice, ikoranabuhanga rya electrospinning n'ubundi buryo, ibikoresho bya membrane bifite imikorere myiza yo gutandukanya bishobora gutegurwa. Mu rwego rw'ikoranabuhanga rya membrane bikoreshwa cyane.
4. Urwego rw'ubwubatsi
Eteri za selulosi zifite imbaraga nyinshi za gel zishobora guhinduka mu bushyuhe, bityo zikaba ingirakamaro nk'inyongera mu bikoresho by'ubwubatsi, nk'inyongera zishingiye kuri sima zifata amatafari.
5. Ibyerekeye ikirere, imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu n'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga bigezweho
Ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga bikoresha selulosi bishobora gukoreshwa mu kirere, mu modoka nshya zikoresha ingufu n'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga bigezweho.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 25 Mata 2024