Mu gukora ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi, cyane cyane ifu yumye,eteri ya seluloseIfite uruhare runini, cyane cyane mu gukora sima yihariye (sima yahinduwe), ni igice cy'ingenzi. Uruhare runini rwa eteri ya cellulose ishongera amazi muri sima ahanini ni ubushobozi bwayo bwiza bwo kubika amazi. Ingaruka za eteri ya cellulose yo kubika amazi ziterwa n'uburyo amazi yinjiye mu gice cy'ibanze, imiterere ya sima, ubunini bw'igice cy'isima, amazi akenewe muri sima, n'igihe ibikoresho bishyirwa.
Udukoresho twinshi two kubaka no gusimbuza amazi ntabwo dufata amazi neza, kandi amazi n'urusenda bizatandukana nyuma y'iminota mike bihagaze. Kubika amazi ni imikorere y'ingenzi ya eteri ya methyl cellulose, kandi ni imikorere abakora utwuma two mu ngo, cyane cyane abo mu turere two mu majyepfo dufite ubushyuhe bwinshi, bitaho. Ibintu bigira ingaruka ku ngaruka zo kubika amazi bya tungurusumu y'ifu yumye birimo ingano y'inyongera, ubushyuhe, ubuto bw'uduce, n'ubushyuhe bw'aho ikoreshwa.
Uburyo amazi abikwamoeteri ya seluloseubwabyo bituruka ku gushonga no kubura amazi kwa eteri ya selulose ubwayo. Nkuko twese tubizi, nubwo uruhererekane rwa molekile ya selulose rufite umubare munini w’amatsinda ya OH ashobora kumena cyane, ntabwo rushongeshwa mu mazi, kuko imiterere ya selulose ifite urugero rwo hejuru rwa kristali. Ubushobozi bwo kumena amazi bw’amatsinda ya hydroxyl yonyine ntibuhagije kugira ngo butwikire imigozi ikomeye ya hydrogen n’imbaraga za van der Waals hagati ya molekile. Kubwibyo, irabyimba gusa ariko ntishonga mu mazi. Iyo ikintu kiyisimbura kinjijwe mu mugozi wa molekile, si ikintu kiyisimbura gusa cyangiza umugozi wa hydrogen, ahubwo n’umugozi wa hydrogen uhuza imigozi urasenyuka bitewe no guhuza kwa substituent hagati y’imigozi yegeranye. Uko substituent iba nini, niko intera iri hagati ya molekile iba nini. Uko intera iba nini. Uko ingaruka zo gusenya imigozi ya hydrogen iba nini, eteri ya selulose iba ishongeshwa mu mazi nyuma y’uko lattice ya cellulose yagutse kandi umuti winjira, bigakora umuti ufite ubushyuhe bwinshi. Iyo ubushyuhe buzamutse, ubushyuhe bwa polymer buragabanuka, kandi amazi ari hagati y’imigozi arasohoka. Iyo ingaruka zo kubura amazi zihagije, molekile zitangira kwishyira hamwe, zigakora gel y’imiterere y’urusobe rw’amakuru y’ibice bitatu hanyuma zigapfunyika.
Muri rusange, uko amazi arushaho kuba menshi, ni ko ingaruka zo kubika amazi ziba nziza. Ariko, uko amazi arushaho kuba menshi kandi uburemere bwa molekile bukaba bwinshi, kugabanuka kw'uburyo bwo gushonga kwabyo bizagira ingaruka mbi ku mbaraga no ku mikorere y'ubwubatsi bwa mortiweri. Uko amazi arushaho kuba menshi, ni ko ingaruka zo gushonga zigaragara ku mortiweri, ariko ntabwo bingana neza. Uko amazi arushaho kuba menshi, mortiweri irushaho kuba ikomeye, ni ukuvuga ko mu gihe cyo kubaka, igaragara nk'aho ifata ku gikoresho cyo gukurura no gufatana cyane n'icyatsi. Ariko ntabwo ari byiza kongera imbaraga z'imiterere ya mortiweri itose ubwayo. Mu gihe cyo kubaka, imikorere yo kurwanya gushonga ntabwo igaragara. Ahubwo, hari methyle imwe n'imwe iciriritse ariko yahinduwe.eteri za selulosebifite imikorere myiza mu kunoza imbaraga z'imiterere ya mortiro itose.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 25 Mata 2024