Amatsinda ya hydroxyl kurieteri ya seluloseMolekile na atome za ogisijeni ku migozi ya eteri bizashyiraho imigozi ya hydrogen hamwe na molekile z'amazi, bigahindura amazi yigenga mo amazi yigenga, bityo bikagira uruhare runini mu kubika amazi; gukwirakwira hagati ya molekile z'amazi n'imigozi ya eteri ya selulose bituma molekile z'amazi zinjira imbere mu mugozi wa macromolecular wa eteri ya selulose kandi zigahura n'imbogamizi zikomeye, bityo bikarema amazi yigenga n'amazi yivanze, ibyo bikanoza kubika amazi ya sima; eteri ya selulose ivugurura imiterere ya rheological, imiterere y'urusobe rw'amazi n'umuvuduko wa osmotic wa sima nshya cyangwa imiterere ya cellulose eteri ikora filime ibuza gukwirakwira kw'amazi.
Kubika amazi kwa eteri ya selulosi ubwayo bituruka ku gushonga no kubura amazi kwa eteri ya selulosi ubwayo. Ubushobozi bwo gukaraba kw'amatsinda ya hydroxyl gusa ntibuhagije kugira ngo bwishyure imigozi ikomeye ya hydrogen n'imbaraga za van der Waals hagati ya molekile, bityo irabyimba gusa ariko ntishonge mu mazi. Iyo ibintu bisimburana byinjijwe mu muyoboro wa molekile, ntabwo ibintu bisimburana byangiza imigozi ya hydrogen gusa, ahubwo n'imigozi ya hydrogen ihuza imiyoboro irasenyuka bitewe no guhuza ibintu bisimburana hagati y'imigozi yegeranye. Uko ibintu bisimburana binini, ni ko intera iri hagati ya molekile iba nini, kandi ingaruka zo gusenya imigozi ya hydrogen ziba nyinshi. Nyuma y'uko lattice ya cellulose ibyimbye, umuti winjira, maze eteri ya selulosi irashonga mu mazi, igakora umuti ufite ubukana bwinshi, hanyuma ugira uruhare mu kubika amazi.
Ibintu bigira ingaruka ku mikorere yo kubika amazi:
Ubucucike: Uko ubucucike bwa eteri ya selulosi burushaho kuba bwinshi, ni ko imikorere myiza yo kubika amazi, ariko uko ubucucike burushaho kuba bwinshi, ni ko uburemere bwa eteri ya selulosi burushaho kuba bwinshi, kandi ubushobozi bwo gushonga kwayo bugabanuka uko bikwiye, ibyo bigira ingaruka mbi ku buryo ibintu byiyongera n'imikorere y'ubwubatsi bwa morti. Muri rusange, ku gicuruzwa kimwe, ibisubizo bya viscosity bipimwe hakoreshejwe uburyo butandukanye biratandukanye cyane, bityo iyo ugereranije ubucucike, bigomba gukorwa hagati y'uburyo bumwe bwo gupima (harimo ubushyuhe, rotor, nibindi).
Ingano y'inyongera: Uko ingano ya eteri ya selulosi yongera muri morti, ni ko imikorere myiza yo kubika amazi irushaho kuba myiza. Ubusanzwe, eteri nke ya selulosi ishobora kongera cyane igipimo cyo kubika amazi muri morti. Iyo ingano igeze ku rwego runaka, icyerekezo cyo kongera igipimo cyo kubika amazi kiragabanuka.
Ubuto bw'uduce: Uko uduce duto cyane, ni ko amazi arushaho kugumana neza. Iyo uduce duto twa eteri ya cellulose tugeze mu mazi, ubuso buhita bushonga bugakora jeli yo gupfunyika ibikoresho kugira ngo wirinde ko molekile z'amazi zikomeza kwinjira. Hari igihe, ndetse no kuvanga igihe kirekire ntibishobora gutuma ibintu bitandukana neza kandi bigashonga, bigatuma habaho umuti uhindagurika cyangwa ihurizo ry'amazi, bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku buryo eteri ya cellulose igumana amazi. Ubuto bw'amazi ni kimwe mu bintu bifasha guhitamo eteri ya cellulose. Ubuto bw'amazi nabwo ni ikimenyetso cy'ingenzi cy'imikorere ya eteri ya methyl cellulose. Ubuto bw'amazi bugira ingaruka ku buryo eteri ya methyl cellulose ishonga. Ubusanzwe eteri ya Coarser MC iba ifite uduce duto kandi ishobora gushonga byoroshye mu mazi nta guhurirana, ariko igipimo cyo gushonga kiba gito cyane kandi ntikibereye gukoreshwa mu gikoresho cyumye.
Ubushyuhe: Uko ubushyuhe bwo mu kirere bugenda bwiyongera, uburyo amazi abikwamo muri eteri za cellulose bukunze kugabanuka, ariko zimwe muri eteri za cellulose zahinduwe nazo zifite uburyo bwiza bwo kubika amazi mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe bwinshi; iyo ubushyuhe buzamutse, amazi ya polymer aragabanuka, kandi amazi ari hagati y'iminyururu arasohoka. Iyo amazi ahagije, molekile zitangira kwishyira hamwe zigakora gel y'imiterere y'urusobe rw'ibice bitatu.
Imiterere ya molekile: Eteri za selulosi zifite uburyo bwo kuzigama amazi make zirushaho kuba nziza.
Ububyibuho na thixotropy
Ubunini:
Ingaruka ku bushobozi bwo gufatanya no kurwanya kugwa: Ether za selulosi zitanga ubukana bwiza bwa morti yo mu mazi, bishobora kongera cyane ubushobozi bwo gufatanya morti yo mu mazi hamwe n'urwego rw'ibanze no kunoza imikorere yo kurwanya kugwanya morti yo mu mazi. Ikoreshwa cyane mu gutera sima, morti yo gufatanya amatafari n'uburyo bwo gukingira inkuta zo hanze 3.
Ingaruka ku guhuza ibikoresho: Ingaruka zo gukuba kwa ether za cellulose zishobora kandi kongera ubushobozi bwo kurwanya gukwirakwira no guhuza ibikoresho bishya, gukumira gutandukanya ibikoresho, gutandukanya no gusohora amazi, kandi zishobora gukoreshwa muri beto ya fibre, beto yo munsi y'amazi na beto yishyira hamwe.
Inkomoko n'ingaruka z'ingaruka z'ubukonje: Ingaruka z'ubukonje bwa eteri ya selulosi ku bikoresho bishingiye kuri sima ziva ku bukonje bwa eteri ya selulosi. Mu bihe bimwe, uko eteri ya selulosi irushaho kuba nyinshi, ni ko ubukonje bw'ibikoresho bishingiye kuri sima byahinduwe burushaho kuba bwiza, ariko niba ubukonje bukabije, bigira ingaruka ku bukonje n'imikorere y'ibikoresho (urugero nko gufata ku cyuma cyo gusigwa). Sima yigenga na sima yigenga ifite ubukonje bwinshi bisaba ubukonje buke cyane bwa eteri ya selulosi. Byongeye kandi, ubukonje bwa eteri ya selulosi nabwo buzongera ubukonje bw'amazi bw'ibikoresho bishingiye kuri sima kandi byongera umusaruro wa sima.
Thixotropi:
Umuti w’amazi wa cellulose ether ufite ubushyuhe bwinshi ufite thixotropy nyinshi, ari nabyo biranga cellulose ether. Umuti w’amazi wa methyl cellulose ubusanzwe ufite ubushyuhe bwa pseudoplasticity n’ubushyuhe butari thixotropic munsi y’ubushyuhe bwa gel yayo, ariko ugaragaza imiterere y’amazi ya Newtonian ku gipimo gito cyo gukata. Ubushyuhe bwa pseudoplasticity buriyongera iyo uburemere bwa molekile ya cellulose ether bwiyongere cyangwa bungana, kandi ntaho buhuriye n’ubwoko bw’umusimbura n’urwego rwo gusimbuza. Kubwibyo, cellulose ethers zo mu rwego rumwe rwa viscosity, zaba MC, HPMC, cyangwa HEMC, zihora zigaragaza imiterere imwe ya rheological igihe cyose ubushyuhe n’ubushyuhe biguma bihoraho. Iyo ubushyuhe buzamutse, gel y’imiterere iraremwa, maze habaho urujya n’uruza rwa thixotropic rwinshi. Cellulose ethers zifite ubushyuhe bwinshi n’ubushyuhe buke zigaragaza thixotropy ndetse no munsi y’ubushyuhe bwa gel. Iyi miterere ni ingirakamaro cyane mu guhindura uburyo bwo kugorora no kugwa kw’imashini yo kubaka mu gihe cyo kubaka.
Gushyira indege mu kirere
Ihame n'ingaruka ku mikorere y'akazi: Cellulose ether igira ingaruka zikomeye ku bikoresho bishya bishingiye kuri sima. Cellulose ether ifite amatsinda yombi akunda amazi (amatsinda ya hydroxyl, amatsinda ya ether) n'amatsinda akunda amazi (amatsinda ya methyl, impeta za glucose). Ni surfactant ifite imikorere yo hejuru, bityo ikaba ifite ingaruka ku guhumeka mu mwuka. Ingaruka zo guhumeka mu mwuka zizatanga ingaruka nziza, zishobora kunoza imikorere y'ibikoresho bishya bivanze, nko kongera ubuziranenge n'ubushyuhe bwa mortil mu gihe cyo gukora, ibyo bikaba ingirakamaro mu gukwirakwiza mortil; bizongera kandi umusaruro wa mortil kandi bigabanya ikiguzi cyo gukora mortil.
Ingaruka ku miterere ya mekanike: Ingaruka zo kwinjiza umwuka zizongera ubwiyongere bw'ibintu bikomeye kandi zigabanye imiterere yabyo nk'imbaraga n'uburyo bwo gukurura.
Ingaruka ku gushonga: Nk'umusemburo, eteri ya selulose ifite ingaruka zo gutosesha cyangwa gusiga ku duce twa sima, ibyo hamwe n'ingaruka zayo zo guhumeka mu mwuka byongera gushonga kw'ibikoresho bishingiye kuri sima, ariko ingaruka zayo zo gushonga zizagabanya gushonga. Ingaruka za eteri ya selulose ku gushonga kw'ibikoresho bishingiye kuri sima ni uruvange rw'ingaruka za pulasitiki n'iziyongera. Muri rusange, iyo ingano ya eteri ya selulose iri hasi cyane, ahanini igaragara nk'ingaruka za pulasitiki cyangwa izigabanya amazi; iyo ingano iri hejuru, ingaruka za eteri ya selulose ziyongera vuba, kandi ingaruka zayo zo guhumeka mu mwuka zikunda kuba nyinshi, bityo zigaragara nk'ubwinshi cyangwa kwiyongera k'ubukene bw'amazi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-23-2024