Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose na hydroxyethyl cellulose byombi ni cellulose

Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)na hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) ni ibintu bibiri by'ingenzi bikomoka kuri cellulose bikoreshwa cyane mu nganda zitandukanye bitewe n'imiterere yabyo yihariye. Nubwo byombi bikomoka kuri cellulose, bifite imiterere itandukanye ya shimi kandi bigaragaza imiterere n'imikorere bitandukanye.

1. Intangiriro ku bikomoka kuri selulosi:
Selulose ni polysaccharide karemano iboneka mu nkuta z'uturemangingo tw'ibimera, igizwe n'iminyururu y'ibice bya glucose bihujwe n'imigozi ya glycosidic ya β (1 → 4). Ibikomoka kuri selulose biboneka binyuze mu guhindura selulose hakoreshejwe imiti kugira ngo byongere imiterere yihariye cyangwa bishyireho imikorere mishya. HPMC na HEC ni bimwe mu bikomoka kuri selulose bikoreshwa cyane mu nganda zitandukanye kuva ku by'imiti kugeza ku bwubatsi.

2. Gutunganya:
HPMC ikorwa binyuze mu guhuza cellulose na propylene oxide kugira ngo hashyirwemo amatsinda ya hydroxypropyl hanyuma methyl chloride ishyirwemo amatsinda ya methyl. Ibi bituma amatsinda ya hydroxyl asimburwa mu ruhererekane rwa cellulose, bigatanga umusaruro ufite ubushobozi bwo gushonga neza no gukora filime.

Ku rundi ruhande, HEC ikorwa binyuze mu guhuza cellulose na ethylene oxide kugira ngo ihuzwe n'amatsinda ya hydroxyethyl. Igipimo cyo gusimbuza (DS) muri HPMC na HEC gishobora kugenzurwa hakoreshejwe guhindura imiterere y'imikorere, bigira ingaruka ku miterere yabyo nko gushonga, gushonga, n'imyitwarire ya gelation.

3. Imiterere y'ibinyabutabire:
HPMC na HEC bitandukanye mu bwoko bw'amatsinda y'inyongera afatanye n'uruti rw'umugongo rwa cellulose. HPMC igizwe n'amatsinda ya hydroxypropyl na methyl, mu gihe HEC igizwe n'amatsinda ya hydroxyethyl. Aya matsinda y'inyongera atanga imiterere yihariye kuri buri kimwe kivamo, bigira ingaruka ku myitwarire yacyo mu buryo butandukanye.

4. Imiterere ifatika:
HPMC na HEC byombi ni polimeri zishonga mu mazi zifite ubushobozi bwiza bwo gukuba. Ariko, zigaragaza itandukaniro mu bucucike, ubushobozi bwo gutonyanga amazi, no gukora filime. Ubusanzwe HPMC ifite ubucucike bwinshi ugereranije na HEC ku bipimo bingana, bigatuma ikoreshwa mu buryo busaba ubucucike bwinshi.

Byongeye kandi, HPMC ikora filime zisobanutse neza kandi zifatanye bitewe n’ibintu byayo bya methyl, mu gihe HEC ikora filime zoroshye kandi zoroshye. Iri tandukaniro mu miterere ya filime rituma buri kimwe gikomoka kuri filime kiba kibereye gukoreshwa mu miti, mu bicuruzwa byita ku buzima bwite, no mu nganda z’ibiribwa.

5. Porogaramu:
5.1 Inganda zikora imiti:
HPMC na HEC byombi bikoreshwa cyane mu miti nk'ibifunga, ibinini, n'ibisiga firime. Binoza ubuziranenge bw'ibinini, bigenzura irekurwa ry'imiti, kandi byongera ibyiyumvo byo mu kanwa mu miti y'amazi. HPMC ikundwa cyane mu miti irekurwa mu gihe kirekire bitewe nuko igenda buhoro mu gihe cyo kuvura, mu gihe HEC ikoreshwa cyane mu miti y'amaso no mu mavuta yo kwisiga bitewe nuko isobanutse neza kandi ihuye n'amazi y'ibinyabuzima.

5.2 Inganda z'Ubwubatsi:
Mu nganda z'ubwubatsi,HPMCnaHECBikoreshwa nk'inyongera mu bikoresho bishingiye kuri sima, nka mortiers, grouts, na renderings. Binoza ubushobozi bwo gukora, kubika amazi, no gufatana, bigatuma umusaruro wa nyuma urushaho kuba mwiza kandi uramba. HPMC ikunze gukundwa kubera ubushobozi bwayo bwo kubika amazi bwinshi, bigabanya guturika no kunoza igihe cyo gushyiraho.

5.3 Ibikoresho byo kwita ku buzima bw'umuntu ku giti cye:
Ibikomoka kuri ibyo byombi bikoreshwa mu bikoresho byo kwiyitaho nk'amashampu, amavuta yo kwisiga, n'amavuta yo kwisiga nk'ibintu bikomeza ubushyuhe, ibigabanya ubushyuhe, n'ibitera imbaraga. HEC itanga imiterere yoroshye kandi irabagirana mu bikoresho byo kwita ku musatsi no mu mavuta yo kwisiga uruhu. HPMC, ifite ubushobozi bwo gukora firime nziza, ikoreshwa mu mavuta yo kwisiga arinda izuba no mu mavuta yo kwisiga akenera kwihanganirwa n'amazi no kwambarwa igihe kirekire.

5.4 Inganda z'ibiribwa:
Mu nganda z'ibiribwa, HPMC na HEC bitanga imbaraga, bikomeza ubushyuhe, kandi bihindura imiterere y'ibicuruzwa bitandukanye birimo isosi, isosi, n'ibiryo biryoshye. Binoza ibyiyumvo byo mu kanwa, bikarinda syneresis, kandi bikongera imiterere y'ibiryo. HPMC ikunze gukundwa kubera ko isobanutse neza kandi idatembera neza mu bushyuhe, bigatuma ikoreshwa mu gusaba jeli zibonerana na emulsions zihamye.

6. Umwanzuro:
Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) na hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) ni ibikomoka kuri cellulose bifite imiterere, imiterere, n'ikoreshwa ryabyo. Nubwo byombi bitanga imiterere myiza yo gukurura no gukora filime, bigaragaza itandukaniro mu buryo bworoshye, imiterere y'urumuri, n'imyitwarire yo gutonyanga. Gusobanukirwa iri tandukaniro ni ingenzi mu guhitamo ibikomoka kuri cellulose bikwiye gukoreshwa mu nganda runaka nko mu by'imiti, mu bwubatsi, mu kwita ku bantu ku giti cyabo, no mu biribwa. Uko ubushakashatsi bukomeza gutera imbere, hari impinduka nyinshi n'ikoreshwa rya cellulose, bikagira uruhare mu gukomeza kugira akamaro mu nganda zitandukanye.