Kukhuthala kochepa: 400 imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pa matope odziyimira okha, koma nthawi zambiri imatumizidwa kunja.
Chifukwa: Kukhuthala kochepa, kusasunga madzi bwino, koma makhalidwe abwino olinganiza, kuchuluka kwa matope ambiri.
Kukhuthala kwapakati ndi kotsika: 20000-40000 imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pa guluu wa matailosi, chothandizira kuphimba, matope oletsa ming'alu, matope oteteza kutentha, ndi zina zotero.
Zifukwa: Kugwira ntchito bwino, madzi ochepa amawonjezeredwa, komanso kuchuluka kwa matope ambiri.
1. Kodi ntchito zazikulu za hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) ndi ziti?
——A: HPMC imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu zipangizo zomangira, zokutira, ma resini opangidwa, zinthu zadothi, mankhwala, chakudya, nsalu, ulimi, zodzoladzola, fodya ndi mafakitale ena. HPMC ikhoza kugawidwa m'magulu awa: kalasi yomanga, kalasi ya chakudya ndi kalasi ya mankhwala malinga ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito. Pakadali pano, zinthu zambiri zapakhomo ndi kalasi yomanga. Mu kalasi yomanga, ufa wa putty umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, pafupifupi 90% imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa ufa wa putty, ndipo wotsalawo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa simenti ndi guluu.
2. Kodi pali mitundu ingati ya hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)? Kodi ntchito zake ndi zotani?
——A: HPMC ingagawidwe m'magulu awiri: mtundu wa instant ndi mtundu wa hot melt. Zinthu za instant zimafalikira mofulumira m'madzi ozizira ndipo zimasowa m'madzi. Madziwo alibe kukhuthala panthawiyi chifukwa HPMC imangofalikira m'madzi ndipo siisungunuka kwenikweni. Pakatha mphindi ziwiri, kukhuthala kwa madziwo kumawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono ndipo colloid yowonekera bwino imapangidwa. Zinthu zosungunuka ndi kutentha zimatha kufalikira mwachangu m'madzi otentha ndikusowa m'madzi otentha zikakumana ndi madzi ozizira. Kutentha kukatsika kufika kutentha kwina (chogulitsa cha kampani yathu ndi madigiri 65 Celsius), kukhuthala kumawonekera pang'onopang'ono mpaka colloid yowonekera bwino yapangidwa. Mtundu wa kusungunuka kotentha ungagwiritsidwe ntchito kokha pa ufa wa putty ndi matope. Mu guluu wamadzimadzi ndi utoto, kusonkhana kumachitika ndipo sikungagwiritsidwe ntchito. Mtundu wa nthawi yomweyo uli ndi ntchito zambiri. Ungagwiritsidwe ntchito pa ufa wa putty, matope, guluu wamadzimadzi, ndi utoto popanda zotsutsana.
3. Kodi njira zosungunula za hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) ndi ziti?
——Yankho: Njira yosungunula madzi otentha: Popeza HPMC siisungunuka m'madzi otentha, HPMC imatha kusungunuka mofanana m'madzi otentha poyamba ndikusungunuka mwachangu ikazizira. Njira ziwiri zodziwika bwino zafotokozedwa pansipa:
1) Ikani madzi otentha okwanira mu chidebecho ndikutenthetsa mpaka madigiri 70 Celsius. Pang'onopang'ono onjezerani hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ndikusakaniza pang'onopang'ono. Poyamba HPMC imayandama pamwamba pa madzi, kenako pang'onopang'ono imapanga matope, ndikuziziritsa ndikusakaniza.
2). Onjezani 1/3 kapena 2/3 ya madzi ofunikira mu chidebecho, chitentheni mpaka 70°C, falitsani HPMC motsatira njira yomwe ili mu 1), ndipo konzani slurry ya madzi otentha; kenako onjezerani madzi ozizira otsalawo ku slurry ya madzi otentha. Sakanizani slurry m'madzi, sakanizani ndikuziziritsa chisakanizocho.
Njira yosakanizira ufa: Sakanizani ufa wa HPMC ndi zinthu zina zambiri za ufa, sakanizani bwino ndi blender, kenako onjezerani madzi kuti asungunuke. Panthawiyi, HPMC ikhoza kusungunuka ndipo sidzagwirizana, chifukwa pali HPMC yochepa chabe mu gawo lililonse. Ngodya yaying'ono. Ufawo umasungunuka nthawi yomweyo ukakhudzana ndi madzi. ——Opanga ufa wa Putty ndi matope amagwiritsa ntchito njira iyi. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chokhuthala komanso chosungira madzi mu matope a Putty powder.
4. Kodi mungaweruze bwanji ubwino wa hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) mosavuta komanso mwachilengedwe?
——Yankho: (1) Kuyera: Ngakhale kuyera sikutsimikiza ngati HPMC ndi yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, ngati zowunikira ziwonjezedwa panthawi yopanga, zidzakhudza mtundu wake. Komabe, zinthu zambiri zabwino zimakhala ndi kuyera bwino. (2) Kuyera: Kuyera kwa HPMC nthawi zambiri kumakhala ma mesh 80 ndi ma mesh 100, ndipo ma mesh 120 amakhala ochepa. Ambiri a HPMC omwe amapangidwa mu Hebei ndi ma mesh 80. Kuyera kwambiri kumakhala bwino. (3) Kutumiza kuwala: Ikani hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) m'madzi kuti mupange colloid yowonekera, ndikuyang'ana momwe kuwala kumayendera. Kutumiza kuwala kumakhala kwakukulu, kumakhala bwino, zomwe zikusonyeza kuti mkati mwake mulibe zinthu zambiri zosasungunuka. Kulowa kwa mpweya kwa ma reactor oyima nthawi zambiri kumakhala bwino kuposa kwa ma reactor oyima, koma sitinganene kuti mtundu wa ma reactor oyima ndi wabwino kuposa wa ma reactor oyima. Pali zinthu zambiri zomwe zimatsimikiza mtundu wa chinthucho. (4) Mphamvu yeniyeni: Mphamvu yeniyeni ikakhala yayikulu komanso yolemera, imakhala yabwino kwambiri. Mphamvu yokoka nthawi zambiri imachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa hydroxypropyl m'madzi. Hydroxypropyl ikachuluka, madzi amasungidwa bwino.
5. Kodi mlingo wa hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) mu ufa wa putty ndi wotani?
——Yankho: Mlingo wa HPMC mu ntchito zenizeni umasiyana malinga ndi nyengo, kutentha, mtundu wa calcium wa phulusa, ndi njira yolowera ufa ndi "ubwino womwe kasitomala amafuna". Kawirikawiri, ndi pakati pa 4kg ndi 5kg. Mwachitsanzo, ufa wambiri wa putty ku Beijing ndi 5kg; ufa wambiri wa putty ku Guizhou ndi 5kg m'chilimwe ndi 4.5 kg m'nyengo yozizira;
6. Kodi kukhuthala koyenera kwa hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) ndi kotani?
——Yankho: Ufa wa putty nthawi zambiri umadula ma yuan 100,000, ndipo matope amafunika ndalama zambiri, kotero ma yuan 150,000 ndi okwanira. Ndipo ntchito yofunika kwambiri ya HPMC ndikusunga madzi, kutsatiridwa ndi kukhuthala. Mu ufa wa putty, bola ngati uli ndi kusunga bwino madzi ndi kukhuthala kochepa (70,000-80,000), palibe vuto. Zachidziwikire, kukhuthala kwakukulu, kusungunuka bwino kwa madzi kumakhala bwino. Kukhuthala kukapitirira 100,000, kukhuthala sikukhudza kwambiri kusunga madzi.
7. Kodi zizindikiro zazikulu zaukadaulo za hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) ndi ziti?
——A: Kuchuluka kwa hydroxypropyl ndi kukhuthala, ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri akuda nkhawa ndi zizindikiro ziwirizi. Kuchuluka kwa hydroxypropyl, kumakhala bwino kusunga madzi. Ndi kukhuthala kwakukulu, kusunga madzi kumakhala bwino (osati kotheratu), ndipo ndi kukhuthala kwakukulu, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito mu simenti.
8. Kodi zinthu zazikulu zopangira hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) ndi ziti?
—— A: Zipangizo zazikulu zopangira hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC): thonje loyengedwa, methyl chloride, propylene oxide, zipangizo zina zopangira ndi monga caustic soda, acid, toluene, isopropyl alcohol, ndi zina zotero.
9. Kodi ntchito yaikulu ya HPMC pakugwiritsa ntchito ufa wa putty ndi yotani? Kodi ili ndi zotsatirapo zilizonse za mankhwala?
——Yankho: HPMC ili ndi ntchito zitatu zazikulu zokhuthala, kusunga madzi ndi kumanga ufa wa putty. Kukhuthala: Cellulose imatha kukhuthala kuyimitsidwa, kusunga yankho kukhala lofanana ndikupewa kutsika. Kusunga madzi: Kupangitsa ufa wa putty kuumitsa pang'onopang'ono ndikuthandizira kuyankhidwa kwa calcium imvi pansi pa madzi. Kapangidwe: Cellulose imakhala ndi mphamvu yopaka mafuta ndipo ingapangitse ufa wa putty kukhala wogwira ntchito bwino. HPMC sichita nawo machitidwe aliwonse a mankhwala ndipo imagwira ntchito yothandizira. Ufa wa putty ukawonjezedwa m'madzi ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito pakhoma, zimachitika mankhwala. Pamene chinthu chatsopano chipangidwa, ufa wa putty pakhoma umachotsedwa pakhoma ndikuphwanyidwa kukhala ufa musanagwiritse ntchito. Izi sizigwira ntchito chifukwa chinthu chatsopano (calcium carbonate) chapangidwa. Zigawo zazikulu za ufa wa calcium wa imvi ndi izi: chisakanizo cha Ca(OH)2, CaO ndi CaCO3 yochepa, CaO+H2O=Ca(OH)2 -Ca(OH)2+CO2=CaCO3↓+H2O Kalisiamu wa imvi amasungunuka m'madzi ndi mpweya CO2 Pogwiritsa ntchito calcium carbonate, HPMC imangosunga madzi ndipo imathandiza calcium wa imvi kuchita bwino, ndipo sichita nawo chilichonse chomwe chimachitika.
10. HPMC ndi ether ya cellulose yosakhala ionic, ndiye kodi ether yosakhala ionic ndi chiyani?
A: M'mawu a anthu wamba, ma non-ion ndi zinthu zomwe sizipanga ioni m'madzi. Ionization ndi njira yomwe ma electrolyte amagawikana kukhala ma ion oyendetsedwa momasuka m'zinthu zina zosungunulira (monga madzi, mowa). Mwachitsanzo, sodium chloride (NaCl), mchere womwe umamwedwa tsiku lililonse, umasungunuka m'madzi ndi kupanga ioni, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ma ion a sodium (Na+) omwe ali ndi mphamvu yoyenda bwino komanso ma ion a chloride omwe ali ndi mphamvu yoipa (Cl). Izi zikutanthauza kuti, HPMC ikayikidwa m'madzi, simagawikana kukhala ma ion omwe ali ndi mphamvu, koma imakhalapo mu mawonekedwe a molekyulu.
Nthawi yotumizira: Feb-06-2024