Ubushyuhe buke: 400 ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gupima sima, ariko muri rusange ivanwa mu mahanga.
Impamvu: Ubushyuhe buke, amazi adafata neza, ariko ubushobozi bwo kugorora neza, ubucucike bwinshi bwa mortiweri.
Ubushyuhe buri hagati n'ubuke: 20000-40000 ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gukora kole y'amatafari, umuti utera gufunga, sima irwanya imishwanyagurike, sima ifata ubushyuhe, n'ibindi.
Impamvu: Gukora neza, amazi make yongerwamo, kandi ubucucike bwinshi bwa mortiweri.
1. Ni iyihe mikoreshereze y'ingenzi ya hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)?
——A: HPMC ikoreshwa cyane mu bikoresho by'ubwubatsi, irangi, resins zikoze mu nganda, ibumba, ubuvuzi, ibiribwa, imyenda, ubuhinzi, amavuta yo kwisiga, itabi n'izindi nganda. HPMC igabanywamo ibi bikurikira: urwego rw'ubwubatsi, urwego rw'ibiribwa n'urwego rw'imiti hakurikijwe ikoreshwa. Kuri ubu, ibicuruzwa byinshi byo mu rugo ni urwego rw'ubwubatsi. Mu rwego rw'ubwubatsi, ifu ya putty ikoreshwa ku bwinshi, hafi 90% ikoreshwa mu ifu ya putty, naho ibisigaye bigakoreshwa mu gukora sima na kole.
2. Hari ubwoko bungana iki bwa hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)? Ni iyihe mikoreshereze yabwo?
——A: HPMC ishobora kugabanywamo ubwoko bw’ingufu zihita n’ubwoko bw’ingufu zishyushye. Ibikoresho bihita bikwirakwira vuba mu mazi akonje bikabura mu mazi. Iki gikoresho nta mvubura kiba gifite muri iki gihe kuko HPMC ikwirakwira gusa mu mazi kandi ntabwo ishonga neza. Nyuma y’iminota 2, mvubura y’iki gikoresho iragenda yiyongera buhoro buhoro maze hakavuka colloid ibonerana. Ibikoresho bishyushye bishobora gukwirakwira vuba mu mazi ashyushye bikabura mu mazi ashyushye iyo bihuye n’amazi akonje. Iyo ubushyuhe bugabanutse bukagera ku bushyuhe runaka (ibicuruzwa by’ikigo cyacu ni dogere selisiyusi 65), mvubura igaragara buhoro buhoro kugeza havutse colloid ibonerana. Ubwoko bw’ingufu zishyushye bushobora gukoreshwa gusa ku ifu ya putty na mortier. Muri kole y’amazi n’irangi, gupfundikana bizabaho kandi ntibishobora gukoreshwa. Ubwoko bw’ingufu zihita bukoreshwa mu buryo bwinshi. Bushobora gukoreshwa ku ifu ya putty, mortier, kole y’amazi, n’irangi nta binyuranyo.
3. Ni ubuhe buryo bwo gushonga bwa hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)?
——Igisubizo: Uburyo bwo gushonga amazi ashyushye: Kubera ko HPMC idashonga mu mazi ashyushye, HPMC ishobora gushonga neza mu mazi ashyushye ku ikubitiro hanyuma igashonga vuba nyuma yo gukonja. Uburyo bubiri busanzwe busobanurwa hano hepfo:
1) Shyira amazi ashyushye akenewe mu gikoresho hanyuma uyashyushye kugeza kuri dogere 70. Ongeramo buhoro buhoro hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ubyuke buhoro buhoro. Mu ntangiriro HPMC ireremba hejuru y'amazi, hanyuma buhoro buhoro igakora ururenda, hanyuma ikonje ubyuke.
2). Shyiramo 1/3 cyangwa 2/3 by'amazi akenewe mu gikoresho, ushyushye kugeza kuri 70°C, unyanyagize HPMC ukurikije uburyo bwa 1), hanyuma utegure amazi ashyushye; hanyuma ushyiremo amazi akonje asigaye mu mazi ashyushye. Shyiramo amazi, uvange hanyuma ukonjeshe uruvange.
Uburyo bwo kuvanga ifu: Vanga ifu ya HPMC n'ibindi bintu byinshi birimo ifu, uvange neza ukoresheje blender, hanyuma wongeremo amazi kugira ngo ishonge. Muri iki gihe, HPMC ishobora gushonga kandi ntizahuze, kuko hari agace gato ka HPMC muri buri gice. Inguni nto. Ifu ishonga ako kanya iyo ihuye n'amazi. ——Abakora ifu ya putty na mortar bakoresha ubu buryo. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) ikoreshwa nk'ikintu gikomeza kandi gifata amazi mu mortar ya putty.
4. Ni gute wasuzuma ubwiza bwa hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) mu buryo bworoshye kandi bwumvikana?
——Igisubizo: (1) Ubweru: Nubwo umweru utagena niba HPMC yoroshye gukoresha, iyo hongewemo ibishashi mu gihe cyo kuyikora, bizagira ingaruka ku bwiza bwayo. Ariko, ibicuruzwa byinshi byiza bifite umweru mwiza. (2) Ubwiza: Ubwiza bwa HPMC muri rusange ni mesh 80 na mesh 100, aho mesh 120 ari nkeya. HPMC nyinshi zikorerwa muri Hebei ni mesh 80. Uko ishaje ni ko ishaje ni ko irushaho kuba nziza. (3) Kohereza urumuri: Shyira hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) mu mazi kugira ngo ukore colloid ibonerana, kandi urebe uko urumuri rutanga. Uko urumuri rutanga urumuri rwinshi, ni ko birushaho kuba byiza, bigaragaza ko hari ibintu bidashonga cyane imbere. Ubwinshi bw'umwuka w'ibishashi bihagaze muri rusange ni bwiza kuruta ubw'ibishashi bihagaze, ariko ntabwo bivugwa ko ubwiza bw'ibishashi bihagaze ari bwiza kuruta ubw'ibishashi bihagaze. Hari ibintu byinshi bigena ubwiza bw'ibicuruzwa. (4) Uburemere bwihariye: Uko uburemere bwihariye bunini kandi uburemere bukabije, ni ko burushaho kuba bwiza. Uburemere bwihariye muri rusange buterwa n'ingano ya hydroxypropyl irimo. Uko ingano ya hydroxypropyl iba nyinshi, niko amazi arushaho kugumana neza.
5. Igipimo cya hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) mu ifu ya putty ni ikihe?
——Igisubizo: Igipimo cya HPMC mu ikoreshwa nyaryo kiratandukanye bitewe n’ikirere, ubushyuhe, ubwiza bwa kalisiyumu y’ivu ryo mu gace runaka, n’ifu y’umusaruro. Ifu y’umusaruro n’ “ubwiza busabwa n’umukiriya”. Muri rusange, ni hagati ya 4kg na 5kg. Urugero, ifu nyinshi ya putty muri Beijing ni 5kg; ifu nyinshi ya putty muri Guizhou ni 5kg mu mpeshyi na 4.5kg mu gihe cy’itumba;
6. Ni ubuhe buryo bukwiye bwo gupima hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)?
——Igisubizo: Ifu ya putty muri rusange igura yuan 100.000, kandi mortilaire isaba arenzeho, bityo yuan 150.000 irahagije. Kandi akazi k'ingenzi ka HPMC ni ukubika amazi, hagakurikiraho gukuba. Mu ifu ya putty, igihe cyose ifite amazi meza kandi ifite viscosity nkeya (70.000-80.000), nta kibazo. Birumvikana ko uko viscosity irushaho kuba nyinshi, ni ko amazi arushaho kuba meza. Iyo viscosity irenze 100.000, viscosity ntacyo igira ku kubika amazi.
7. Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'ingenzi by'ikoranabuhanga bya hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)?
——A: Ingano ya Hydroxypropyl n'ubukana, abakoresha benshi bahangayikishijwe n'ibi bimenyetso bibiri. Uko ingano ya hydroxypropyl iba nyinshi, ni ko amazi arushaho kugumana neza. Iyo amazi ari menshi, agumana neza (atari rwose), kandi iyo amazi ari menshi, ni byiza kuyakoresha mu sima.
8. Ni ibihe bikoresho by'ingenzi bya hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)?
—— A: Ibikoresho by'ingenzi bya hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC): ipamba itunganyijwe, methyl chloride, propylene oxide, ibindi bikoresho fatizo birimo caustic soda, aside, toluene, isopropyl alcohol, nibindi.
9. Ni uruhe ruhare rw'ingenzi rwa HPMC mu ikoreshwa ry'ifu ya putty? Ese ifite ingaruka za shimi?
——Igisubizo: HPMC ifite imirimo itatu y'ingenzi yo gukurura, kubika amazi no kubaka ifu ya putty. Gukomera: Cellulose ishobora gukurura isunika, igakomeza umuti umwe kandi ikarinda kugwa. Gukomera kw'amazi: Ituma ifu ya putty yumuka buhoro buhoro kandi igafasha imikorere ya kalisiyumu y'umukara munsi y'ibikorwa by'amazi. Imiterere: Cellulose ifite ubushobozi bwo gusiga amavuta kandi ishobora gutuma ifu ya putty ikora neza. HPMC ntiyitabira ibikorwa bya shimi kandi igira uruhare rw'inyongera gusa. Iyo ifu ya putty yongewe mu mazi igashyirwa ku rukuta, habaho ingaruka za shimi. Uko ikintu gishya kiremwa, ifu ya putty ku rukuta ikurwa ku rukuta igasigwamo ifu mbere yo kuyikoresha. Ibi ntibikora kuko ikintu gishya (calcium carbonate) cyaremwe. Ibice by'ingenzi bigize ifu ya kalisiyumu y'ikijuju ni: uruvange rwa Ca(OH)2, CaO n'ingano nto ya CaCO3, CaO+H2O=Ca(OH)2 -Ca(OH)2+CO2=CaCO3↓+H2O Kalisiyumu y'ikijuju ishongera mu mazi no mu mwuka CO2 Mu gihe cy'ibikorwa bya kalisiyumu karubone, HPMC igumana amazi gusa kandi igafasha kalisiyumu y'ikijuju gukora neza, kandi ntiyitabira igikorwa icyo ari cyo cyose ubwacyo.
10. HPMC ni eteri ya cellulose itari ionic, none se iyo itari ionic ni iki?
A: Mu magambo y’abantu basanzwe, ibintu bitari iyoni ni ibintu bidahinduka iyoni mu mazi. Ionization ni inzira electrolytes zivangamo iyoni zigenda zishyushye mu buryo bwigenga mu bintu bimwe na bimwe (urugero, amazi, alcohol). Urugero, sodium chloride (NaCl), umunyu ukoreshwa buri munsi, ushonga mu mazi hanyuma ugahinduka iyoni, bigatuma iyoni za sodium zishyushye neza (Na+) na iyoni za chloride zishyushye nabi (Cl). Ni ukuvuga ko iyo HPMC ishyizwe mu mazi, ntabwo ihinduka iyoni zishyushye, ahubwo iba mu buryo bwa molekile.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-06-2024