1. Makhalidwe oyambira a MHEC
MHEC (Methyl Hydroxyethyl Cellulose)ndi ether yopanda ionic cellulose yokhala ndi kukhuthala kwabwino, kusunga madzi, kupanga filimu komanso magwiridwe antchito abwino omanga. Mu zipangizo zomangira zopangidwa ndi simenti, MHEC imatha kusintha kwambiri kusinthasintha kwa madzi, kusunga madzi, kuletsa kusungunuka ndi kumamatira kwa matope, ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu guluu wa matailosi, ufa wa putty, matope odziyimira pawokha, matope osalowa madzi ndi matope a simenti olowa madzi. Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwake pa njira yothira madzi a simenti komanso kugwirizana ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zosakanikirana, MHEC yakhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chosinthira zachilengedwe cha matope a simenti olowa madzi.
2. Makhalidwe a matope a simenti olowetsedwa
Chomangira cha simenti cholowa madzi chimatanthauza chomangira chapadera chomwe chingalowe m'malo mwa maziko kudzera mu ntchito ya capillary, ndipo nthawi zambiri chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza kapangidwe kake, kulimbikitsa ndi kuletsa madzi kulowa. Mtundu uwu wa chomangira umafunika kuti ukhale ndi:
Kulowa bwino kwa madzi: kumatha kulowa m'mabowo ang'onoang'ono a gawo loyambira ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa zinthu zoyambira;
Kutuluka madzi ambiri: kuyenda bwino komanso kulowa bwino popanda kutuluka magazi kwambiri komanso kugawikana;
Kumamatira mwamphamvu ndi kulimba: kuonetsetsa kuti pali mgwirizano wolimba ndi zinthu zoyambira ndipo zimagwira ntchito yolimbitsa ndi kuteteza kapangidwe kake kwa nthawi yayitali;
Kusunga madzi pang'ono: kuchepetsa kutayika kwa madzi mwachangu panthawi yomanga ndikuwonetsetsa kuti simenti ili ndi madzi okwanira.
Udindo wa MHEC makamaka umayang'ana kwambiri pakukweza kayendedwe ka madzi, kusunga madzi ndi magwiridwe antchito a matope, pomwe mwanjira ina ukukweza momwe madzi amalowera.
3. Zotsatira za MHEC pa ntchito ya matope a simenti olowa m'madzi
3.1. Kuthandiza kusunga madzi ndikulimbikitsa kuzama kwa madzi kulowa m'madzi.
Mtondo wolowa madzi uyenera kusunga kusinthasintha koyenera ndi chinyezi musanalowe m'mabowo a capillary a maziko. MHEC ili ndi malo abwino osungira madzi, zomwe zingachepetse kutuluka kwa madzi mwachangu ndi kuyamwa kwa zinthu zapansi panthawi yomanga matope, kutalikitsa nthawi yolowera ya matope, ndikuwonjezera kuzama kwa kulowa. Kuphatikiza apo, kufalikira kwa madzi mofanana kumathandizanso kuti tinthu ta simenti tipeze madzi okwanira mtsogolo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kuchulukana ndi kulimba.
3.2. Kuwongolera kusinthasintha kwa madzi ndi magwiridwe antchito a zomangamanga
MHEC ikhoza kusintha momwe matope a simenti amagwirira ntchito, kuti ikhale ndi mphamvu yogwira ntchito bwino pomanga pansi pa chiŵerengero chochepa cha madzi ndi simenti. Kuwonjezera MHEC koyenera kungachepetse kutuluka kwa magazi ndi kulekanitsa matope, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti matopewo alowa mofanana m'mabowo abwino a substrate. Pa matope olowerera omwe amafunika kuthiridwa kapena kupopedwa, MHEC ikhoza kusintha magwiridwe antchito a kupopera ndi kulinganiza, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti matopewo akhale osavuta kumanga.
3.3. Konzani kugwirizana pakati pa matope ndi nthaka
Chifukwa cha mphamvu ya MHEC yopanga filimu, filimu yosinthasintha yachilengedwe imatha kupangidwa pamalo olumikizirana panthawi yolimbitsa matope, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kuluma ndi kumamatira kwa makina pakati pa matope ndi substrate kukhale kolimba. Kusintha kwa mawonekedwe kumeneku kumathandiza kuti matope asatuluke pa substrate ndikuwonjezera kulimba kwa gawo lokonzanso lomwe limatha kulowa.
3.4. Kuwongolera kukana ming'alu ndi kuwongolera kufupika kwa ming'alu
Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mkati mwake, matope olowa m'madzi amatha kusweka mosavuta akamauma. Mphamvu yosunga madzi ya MHEC imatha kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa matope, kupangitsa kuti simenti ikhale yokwanira, ndikuchepetsa mwayi wosweka kwa pulasitiki. Nthawi yomweyo, mawonekedwe a MHEC opanga filimu amapatsa matopewo kusinthasintha kwina, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ming'alu yonse ikhale yolimba komanso yolimba.
3.5. Kuchedwetsa nthawi yoyambira yokhazikitsa kumathandiza pa ntchito yomanga
MHEC imachedwetsa pang'ono njira yothira madzi mu simenti, zomwe zimathandiza kukulitsa nthawi yogwirira ntchito ya matope. Pa ntchito zokonzanso zomwe zimafuna kulowa kwathunthu, nthawi yayitali yomanga imapangitsa kuti matope alowe mosavuta mu gawo loyambira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kukonza kukhale kolimba komanso kukhazikika kwa khalidwe.
3.6. Kupititsa patsogolo ntchito yoletsa madzi kulowa m'madzi komanso yoletsa madzi kulowa m'madzi
Mu matope olimba omwe amalowa madzi, popeza MHEC imawongolera kuchulukana ndi kulumikizana kwa matope, kapangidwe kake ka mitsempha yamagazi ndi kofanana, minyewa imachepa, ndipo mphamvu yoletsa kutuluka kwa madzi imawonjezeka kwambiri. Mu kutsekereza madzi pansi pa nthaka, kuyika kwa ngalande, malo osungira madzi ndi ntchito zina, matope olowa madzi osinthidwa a MHEC amatha kuletsa kusamuka kwa chinyezi ndikuwonjezera mphamvu yolowa madzi.
4. Kuchuluka kwa zowonjezera ndi njira zodzitetezera pogwiritsira ntchito
Kuchuluka koyenera kowonjezera: kawirikawiri 0.2% mpaka 0.6% ya kulemera kwa zinthu zomangira simenti, zomwe ziyenera kusinthidwa malinga ndi chiŵerengero cha madzi ndi simenti, kusinthasintha kwa matope ndi njira yomangira.
Pewani kuwonjezera mopitirira muyeso: Mlingo wochuluka wa MHEC ungayambitse kukhuthala kwa matope, kuchepa kwa kulowa kwa madzi, komanso kungayambitse kutsekeka kwa simenti kwambiri.
Kugwirizana ndi zinthu zina zosakaniza: Mu mortars zomwe zimalowa madzi zomwe zili ndi zochepetsera madzi, zinthu zolowetsa mpweya kapena zinthu zokulitsa, mlingo woyenera wa MHEC uyenera kutsimikiziridwa ndi kuyesera kuti zitsimikizire kuti magwiridwe antchito ndi ofanana.
Mu matope a simenti olowa madzi, MHEC imawongolera kwambiri kuzama kwa kulowa, kumamatira, kukana ming'alu komanso kulimba kwa matope kudzera mu kusunga bwino madzi, kukhuthala, kupanga filimu komanso kusintha kwa rheological. Nthawi yomweyo, imawongolera magwiridwe antchito omanga, imawonjezera nthawi yomanga, komanso imawongolera mtundu wonse wa ntchito zokonzanso ndi kuteteza. Kusankha koyenera ndikuwongolera kuchuluka kwa zowonjezeraMHEC ndiye njira yothandiza kwambiri yopezera ntchito yabwino kwambiri ya matope a simenti omwe amatha kulowa m'madzi.
Nthawi yotumizira: Julayi-21-2025