1)Main ntchito zomangira kalasi cellulose ether
Munda wa zida zomangira ndiye gawo lofunika kwambiri lacellulose ether. Ma cellulose ether ali ndi zinthu zabwino kwambiri monga kukhuthala, kusungika kwa madzi, ndi kuchedwa, chifukwa chake amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kukonza ndi kukhathamiritsa matope osakaniza okonzeka (kuphatikiza matope osakanikirana ndi matope owuma), kupanga utomoni wa PVC, utoto wa latex, putty, zomatira matailosi, Kuchita kwa zinthu zomangira, kuphatikiza zida zomangira zomangira, kuphatikiza zida zomangira zomangira, kumapangitsa kuti zinthu zomangira zigwirizane ndi zinthu zomangira, kuphatikiza zinthu zomangira zomangira komanso zoteteza chilengedwe. ntchito yomanga bwino ya nyumba ndi zokongoletsera, ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika pomanga pulasitala ndi kukongoletsa mkati ndi kunja kwa khoma lamitundu yosiyanasiyana yomanga. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa ndalama pantchito yomanga zomangamanga, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ntchito yomanga imabalalitsidwa, pali mitundu yambiri, ndipo kupita patsogolo kwa zomangamanga kumasiyanasiyana kwambiri, zomanga kalasi ya cellulose ether zili ndi mawonekedwe amitundu yosiyanasiyana yogwiritsira ntchito, kufunikira kwakukulu kwa msika, ndi makasitomala omwazikana.
Pakati pa zitsanzo zapakati ndi zapamwamba zopangira kalasi ya HPMC, zipangizo zomangira HPMC ndi kutentha kwa gel 75 ° C zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka mumatope osakaniza owuma ndi minda ina. Ili ndi kukana kwamphamvu kwa kutentha kwambiri komanso kugwiritsa ntchito bwino. Ntchito yake yogwiritsira ntchito ndi kutentha kwa gel Sizingasinthidwe ndi kalasi ya zomangamanga HPMC pa 60 ° C, ndipo makasitomala apamwamba ali ndi zofunikira zapamwamba pa kukhazikika kwa mtundu uwu wa mankhwala. Nthawi yomweyo, ndizovuta mwaukadaulo kupanga HPMC yokhala ndi kutentha kwa gel 75 ° C. Kuchuluka kwa ndalama zopangira zida zopangira ndi zazikulu, ndipo polowera ndipamwamba. Mtengo wa chinthucho ndi wokwera kwambiri kuposa wa HPMC yopangira zida zomangira zokhala ndi kutentha kwa gel 60 ° C.
HPMC yapamwamba kwambiri ya PVC ndiyofunikira kwambiri popanga PVC. Ngakhale HPMC imawonjezedwa pang'ono ndipo imawerengera ndalama zochepa zopangira PVC, zotsatira zake zimakhala zabwino, kotero kuti zofunikira zake ndizokwera kwambiri. Pali opanga ochepa apakhomo ndi akunja a HPMC a PVC, ndipo mtengo wazogulitsa kunja ndi wokwera kwambiri kuposa wazinthu zapakhomo.
2)Chitukuko cha Zomangamanga Gawo la Cellulose Ether Viwanda
①Kukula kokhazikika kwamakampani omanga kudziko langa kukupitilizabe kupititsa patsogolo kufunikira kwa msika wazomangamanga zama cellulose ether.
Malinga ndi zomwe zatulutsidwa ndi National Bureau of Statistics, mu 2021, kuchuluka kwa mizinda yadziko langa (chigawo cha anthu akumatauni m'dzikolo) chidzafika 64.72%, kuwonjezeka kwa 0.83 peresenti poyerekeza ndi kumapeto kwa 2020, ndi kuwonjezeka poyerekeza ndi kuchuluka kwa mizinda ya 49.95% mu 2,77% mu 2020% walowa m'magawo apakati komanso mochedwa akukula kwa mizinda. Momwemonso, kukula kwa kufunikira kwathunthu pamsika wanyumba zogulitsa nyumba kwalowanso pagawo lokhazikika, ndipo kusiyanitsa kwakufunika m'mizinda yosiyanasiyana kwawonekera kwambiri. Kufunika kwa nyumba kukukulirakulira. M'tsogolomu, ndi kuchepa kwa gawo lamakampani opanga zinthu m'dziko langa komanso kuwonjezeka kwa gawo la mafakitale ogwira ntchito, kuwonjezeka kwa mafomu osinthika a ntchito monga luso lamakono ndi bizinesi, ndi chitukuko cha maofesi osinthika, zofunikira zatsopano zidzaperekedwa kwa malonda akumidzi, malo okhalamo komanso malo ogwirira ntchito. Zogulitsa zogulitsa nyumba zomwe zosowa zamakampani zizikhala zosiyanasiyana, ndipo makampani ogulitsa nyumba ndi zomangamanga alowa m'nthawi yakusintha komanso yosintha.
Kukula kwa ndalama zogwirira ntchito yomanga, malo omanga malo, malo omalizidwa, malo okongoletsera nyumba ndi zosintha zake, kuchuluka kwa ndalama za anthu okhalamo komanso zizolowezi zokongoletsa, ndi zina zambiri, ndizinthu zazikulu zomwe zimakhudza kufunikira kwa msika wapakhomo pomanga zinthu zama cellulose ether. Njira yakumidzi yakumidzi ikugwirizana kwambiri. Kuchokera mu 2010 mpaka 2021, kumalizidwa kwa ndalama zogulira malo ndi nyumba za dziko langa ndi zotulukapo zamakampani omanga zidapangitsa kuti chiwonjezeko chikukwera. Mu 2021, ndalama zomaliza zachitukuko chanyumba zadziko langa zinali 14.76 thililiyoni yuan, kuwonjezeka kwa chaka ndi 4.35%; Ndalama zonse zamakampani opanga zomangamanga zinali 29.31 thililiyoni yuan, zomwe zikuwonjezeka ndi 11.04% pachaka.
Kuyambira 2011 mpaka 2021, chiwopsezo chakukula kwapachaka cha malo omanga nyumba m'dziko langa ndi 6.77%, ndipo chiwongola dzanja chapakati pachaka cha malo omangira nyumba ndi 0.91%. Mu 2021, malo omanga nyumba zomanga dziko langa adzakhala 9.754 biliyoni masikweya mita, ndi chaka ndi chaka chiwonjezeko cha 5.20%; malo omanga omalizidwa adzakhala 1.014 biliyoni lalikulu mamita, ndi chaka ndi chaka chiwonjezeko cha 11.20%. Kukula kwabwino kwamakampani omanga m'nyumba kudzakulitsa kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zomangira monga matope osakanikirana, kupanga utomoni wa PVC, utoto wa latex, putty, ndi zomatira matailosi, potero zikuyendetsa kufunikira kwa msika wazomangamanga zama cellulose ether.
②Dzikoli limalimbikitsa mwachangu zida zomangira zobiriwira zomwe zimaimiridwa ndi matope osakanikirana, ndipo malo opangira msika wazinthu zomangira ma cellulose ether akukulitsidwa.
Tondo ndi chinthu chomangira chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga njerwa. Amapangidwa ndi gawo lina la mchenga ndi zida zomangira (simenti, phala la laimu, dongo, etc.) ndi madzi. Njira yachikhalidwe yogwiritsira ntchito matope ndikusakaniza pamalopo, koma ndikupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo wamakampani omangamanga ndikusintha kwazinthu zotukuka, zofooka za matope osakaniza pamalowa zakula kwambiri, monga kusakhazikika kwazinthu, kuwononga kwakukulu kwazinthu, mtundu umodzi wamatope, kutsika pang'ono kwa zomangamanga zotukuka ndikuwononga chilengedwe, ndi zina zambiri.
Poyerekeza ndi pa malo kusanganikirana matope, ndondomeko okonzeka-osakaniza matope ndi anaikira kusakaniza, chatsekedwa zoyendera, mpope chitoliro zoyendera, makina kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa pa khoma, ndi makhalidwe ndondomeko ya chonyowa kusanganikirana lokha, amene amachepetsa kwambiri m'badwo wa fumbi ndi yabwino yomanga makina. Chifukwa chake matope osakaniza okonzeka amakhala ndi zabwino zake, kukhazikika kwabwino, kusiyanasiyana kosiyanasiyana, malo omangira ochezeka, kupulumutsa mphamvu ndi kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito, ndipo ali ndi zabwino zachuma komanso zachilengedwe. Kuyambira mchaka cha 2003, boma lapereka zikalata zingapo zofunika zolimbikitsira kupanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito matope osakanizika okonzeka ndikuwongolera mulingo wamakampani osakanikirana okonzeka.
Pakalipano, kugwiritsa ntchito matope osakaniza okonzeka m'malo mwa matope osakanizidwa pamalopo kwakhala njira imodzi yofunika kwambiri yochepetsera mpweya wa PM2.5 pantchito yomanga. M'tsogolomu, ndi kusowa kwa mchenga ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali, mtengo wogwiritsa ntchito mchenga pamalo omangawo udzawonjezeka, ndipo kuwonjezeka kwa ndalama zogwirira ntchito kudzachititsa kuti pakhale kuwonjezeka kwapang'onopang'ono kwa mtengo wogwiritsira ntchito matope osakanikirana, komanso kufunikira kwa matope okonzeka osakanikirana mumsika womangamanga kudzapitirira kukula. Kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomangira kalasi ya cellulose ether mumatope osakaniza okonzeka nthawi zambiri kumakhala pafupifupi 2/10,000. Kuonjezera cellulose ether kumathandiza kulimbitsa matope osakaniza okonzeka, kusunga madzi ndi kupititsa patsogolo ntchito yomanga. Kuwonjezekaku kudzayendetsanso kukula kwa kufunikira kwa zinthu zomangira ma cellulose ether.
Nthawi yotumiza: Apr-25-2024