Chitsanzo cha ether ya cellulose

Cellulose etherChitsanzo ndi puloteni ya polymer yopangidwa ndi cellulose yokhala ndi kapangidwe ka ether. Mzere uliwonse wa glucose mu cellulose macromolecule uli ndi magulu atatu a hydroxyl, gulu loyamba la hydroxyl pa atomu yachisanu ndi chimodzi ya carbon, ndi gulu lachiwiri la hydroxyl pa atomu yachiwiri ndi yachitatu ya carbon. Hydrogen mu gulu la hydroxyl imalowetsedwa m'malo ndi gulu la hydrocarbon kuti ipange cellulose. Ndi zotsatira za kusintha kwa hydroxyl hydrogen ndi gulu la hydrocarbon mu cellulose polymer. Cellulose ndi polyhydroxy polymer compound yomwe siisungunuka kapena kusungunuka. Cellulose imatha kusungunuka m'madzi, kuchepetsa alkali solution ndi organic solvent pambuyo pa etherification, ndipo ili ndi mphamvu ya thermoplastic.

Cellulose ether ndi mawu azinthu zambiri zomwe zimapangidwa ndi alkali cellulose ndi etherifying agent zomwe zimachitika pazifukwa zina. Alkali cellulose imalowetsedwa m'malo ndi etherifying agents zosiyanasiyana kuti ipeze ma ethers osiyanasiyana a cellulose.

Malinga ndi momwe zinthu zosinthira zimakhalira, chitsanzo cha ethers za cellulose chingagawidwe m'magulu awiri a ionic (monga carboxymethyl cellulose) ndi non-ionic (monga methyl cellulose).

Malinga ndi mtundu wa cholowa m'malo,ethers a celluloseMwachitsanzo, ikhoza kugawidwa m'magulu a ether imodzi (monga methyl cellulose) ndi ether yosakanikirana (monga hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose). Malinga ndi kusungunuka, ikhoza kugawidwa m'magulu osungunuka m'madzi (monga hydroxyethyl cellulose) ndi organic solvent solubility (monga ethyl cellulose). Mtondo wosakaniza wouma umagwiritsa ntchito makamaka cellulose yosungunuka m'madzi, yomwe ingagawidwe m'magulu amitundu yosungunuka mwachangu ndi mitundu yosungunuka mochedwa pambuyo pokonza pamwamba.

Zosakaniza zimathandiza kwambiri pakukweza makhalidwe a matope osakaniza ndi madzi ndipo zimawononga ndalama zoposa 40% ya mtengo wa matope osakaniza ndi madzi. Gawo lalikulu la zosakaniza pamsika wamkati zimaperekedwa ndi opanga akunja, ndipo mlingo wofunikira wa mankhwalawa umaperekedwanso ndi ogulitsa. Zotsatira zake, mtengo wa zinthu zosakaniza ndi madzi osakaniza ndi madzi osakaniza ndi madzi osakaniza ndi madzi osakaniza ndi madzi ochulukirapo komanso otakata. Zinthu zamsika wapamwamba zimayendetsedwa ndi makampani akunja, opanga matope osakaniza ndi madzi amapeza phindu lochepa, mitengo yotsika; Kugwiritsa ntchito zosakaniza sikufufuza mwadongosolo komanso molunjika, kumatsatira mosazindikira njira zakunja.

Chosakaniza madzi ndicho chofunikira kwambiri pakukonza magwiridwe antchito a matope osakaniza ouma komanso chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri kuti zidziwike mtengo wa matope osakaniza ouma. Ntchito yayikulu ya cellulose ether ndikusunga madzi.

Njira yogwirira ntchito ya efa ya cellulose mu matope ndi iyi:

(1) matope mu cellulose etha kusungunuka m'madzi, chifukwa pamwamba ntchito yogwira kuonetsetsa kuti zinthu gelled bwino kugawa mofanana mu dongosolo, ndi cellulose etha ngati mtundu wa colloid zoteteza, "phukusi" tinthu tolimba, ndipo pamwamba pake kupanga wosanjikiza wa mafuta filimu, slurry dongosolo ndi yokhazikika kwambiri, komanso bwino slurry mu njira yosakaniza madzi ndi kapangidwe ka slip mwina chimodzimodzi.

(2)Cellulose etheryankho chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake ka mamolekyulu, kotero kuti madzi omwe ali mu matope sakhala osavuta kutaya, ndipo amatulutsidwa pang'onopang'ono pakapita nthawi yayitali, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti matopewo asunge bwino madzi komanso kuti azitha kugwira ntchito bwino.