Tauira cellulose ether

Etera celluloseHei tauira, he pūhui pūmua i hangaia ki te cellulose me te hanganga ether. Kei roto i ia mowhiti hukahuka i roto i te macromolecule cellulose e toru ngā rōpū hydroxyl, ko te rōpū hydroxyl tuatahi kei te ono o ngā ngota waro, me te rōpū hydroxyl tuarua kei te tuarua me te tuatoru o ngā ngota waro. Ka whakakapia te hauwai i roto i te rōpū hydroxyl e te rōpū hydrocarbon hei hanga cellulose. Ko te hua tēnei o te whakakapinga o te hauwai hydroxyl ki te rōpū hydrocarbon i roto i te pūmua cellulose. Ko te cellulose he pūhui pūmua polyhydroxy kāore e rewa, e rewa rānei. Ka taea te rewa te cellulose ki te wai, te wairewa alkali me te whakarewa waro i muri i te etherification, ā, he āhuatanga thermoplastic tōna.

Ko te cellulose ether te kupu whānui mō tētahi raupapa hua i puta mai i te tauhohenga o te cellulose alkali me te kaihoko etherifying i raro i ētahi tikanga. Ka whakakapia te cellulose alkali e ngā kaihoko etherifying rerekē hei whiwhi i ngā cellulose ethers rerekē.

E ai ki ngā āhuatanga ionization o ngā whakakapinga, ka taea te wehewehe i ngā cellulose ethers ki ngā kāwai e rua: ionic (pērā i te carboxymethyl cellulose) me te kore-ionic (pērā i te methyl cellulose).

E ai ki te momo whakakapinga,ngā etera celluloseHei tauira, ka taea te wehewehe ki te etera kotahi (pērā i te methyl cellulose) me te etera whakauru (pērā i te hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose). E ai ki te wairewatanga, ka taea te wehewehe ki te wairewatanga wai (pērā i te hydroxyethyl cellulose) me te wairewatanga whakarewa waro (pērā i te ethyl cellulose). Ko te moata whakauru maroke te nuinga o te whakamahi i te cellulose wairewatanga wai, ka taea te wehewehe ki te momo wairewa tere me te momo wairewa whakaroa i muri i te maimoatanga mata.

He mea nui te mahi a ngā tāpiringa ki te whakapai ake i ngā āhuatanga o te moata maroke-ranu, ā, neke atu i te 40% o te utu rauemi mō te moata maroke-ranu. He nui te wāhanga o te tāpiringa i te mākete o roto e tukuna ana e ngā kaihanga o tāwāhi, ā, ko te horopeta tohutoro o te hua e tukuna ana hoki e ngā kaiwhakarato. Nō reira, kei te teitei tonu te utu o ngā hua moata maroke-ranu, ā, he uaua ki te whakatairanga i te moata pereki me te moata parai noa me te nui me te whānui o te rohe. Ko ngā hua mākete teitei kei te whakahaerehia e ngā kamupene o tāwāhi, he iti ngā hua o ngā kaihanga moata maroke, he iti te utu; kāore i te whai rangahau pūnaha me te arotahi te whakamahinga o te tāpiringa, ā, ka whai matapo i ngā hanganga o tāwāhi.

Ko te kaihopu wai te mea matua hei whakapai ake i te mahi pupuri wai o te moata maroke, ā, ko tētahi hoki o ngā mea matua hei whakatau i te utu rauemi o te moata maroke. Ko te mahi matua a te cellulose ether ko te pupuri i te wai.

Ko te tikanga mahi a te cellulose ether i roto i te moata penei:

(1) Ko te moata i roto i te cellulose ether ka rewa ki te wai, nā te mea he mahi kaha te mata ki te whakarite kia tohatohahia te rauemi i roto i te pūnaha, ā, ko te cellulose ether he momo colloid tiaki, he "tākai" i ngā matūriki totoka, ā, i runga i tōna mata o waho ka hangaia he paparanga o te kiriata whakahinuhinu, kia pumau ake ai te pūnaha paru, ā, ka pai ake hoki te paru i roto i te tukanga whakaranu o te wai me te hanganga o te paheke.

(2)Etera celluloseHe otinga tēnei nā ōna ake āhuatanga hanganga ngota, kia kore ai e ngawari te ngaro o te wai i roto i te moata, ā, kia roa ake te tukunga, kia pai ai te pupuri wai i te moata, kia ngāwari ai hoki te mahi.