Ugbu a, ọtụtụ ihe e ji akpụ ihe na ihe e ji kpụọ ihe anaghị arụ ọrụ nke ọma iji chekwaa mmiri, mmiri ahụ ga-ekewapụkwa mgbe nkeji ole na ole gachara. Ya mere, ọ dị oke mkpa itinye cellulose ether kwesịrị ekwesị na ihe e ji kpụọ ihe.
1. Mmiri nke cellulose ether
Idobe mmiri bụ ọrụ dị mkpa nke cellulose ether, ọ bụkwa arụmọrụ nke ọtụtụ ndị na-emepụta ngwa agha akọrọ n'ime ụlọ, ọkachasị ndị dị na mpaghara ndịda nwere oke okpomọkụ, na-elebara anya na ya.
N'imepụta ihe owuwu ụlọ, ọkachasị ngwa agha ntụ ntụ kpọrọ nkụ, cellulose ether na-arụ ọrụ a na-apụghị ịgbanwe agbanwe, ọkachasị n'imepụta ngwa agha pụrụ iche (ngwa agha agbanwere agbanwe), ọ bụ ihe dị mkpa ma dị mkpa. Ọbara ọbara, nha, okpomọkụ gburugburu na nhazi molekul nke cellulose ether nwere nnukwu mmetụta na arụmọrụ nchekwa mmiri ya. N'otu ọnọdụ ahụ, ka viscosity nke cellulose ether ka ukwuu, ka nchekwa mmiri ka mma; ka dose ahụ ka mma, ka nchekwa mmiri ka mma. Ọtụtụ mgbe, obere cellulose ether nwere ike ime ka nchekwa mmiri nke mortar ka mma. Mgbe dose ahụ ruru otu. Mgbe ogo nchekwa mmiri na-abawanye, usoro nke ọnụego nchekwa mmiri na-ebelata; mgbe okpomọkụ gburugburu na-ebili, nchekwa mmiri nke cellulose ether na-ebelatakarị, mana ụfọdụ cellulose ethers emezigharịrị nwekwara nchekwa mmiri ka mma n'okpuru ọnọdụ okpomọkụ dị elu; eriri nwere obere ogo nnọchi Vegan ether nwere arụmọrụ nchekwa mmiri ka mma.
Otu hydroxyl dị na molekul ether cellulose na atọm oxygen dị na njikọ ether ga-ejikọta ya na molekul mmiri iji mepụta njikọ hydrogen, na-agbanwe mmiri efu ka ọ bụrụ mmiri ejikọtara, si otú a na-arụ ọrụ dị mma na njigide mmiri; molekul mmiri na cellulose ether molekul yinye Interdiffusion na-enye molekul mmiri ohere ịbanye n'ime cellulose ether macromolecular yinye ma na-enwe ike ijikọ siri ike, si otú a na-emepụta mmiri efu, mmiri kpuchiri ekpuchi, ma na-eme ka njigide mmiri nke simenti dịkwuo mma; cellulose ether na-eme ka slurry simenti ọhụrụ ka mma. Njirimara rheological, nhazi netwọk porous na nrụgide osmotic ma ọ bụ ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe nkiri nke cellulose ether na-egbochi mgbasa nke mmiri.
2. Ịkpụ na Ịkpụcha Cellulose Ether
Cellulose ether na-enye moto mmiri ahụ ezigbo viscosity, nke nwere ike ime ka ikike njikọ dị n'etiti moto mmiri na oyi akwa ntọala dịkwuo elu, ma melite arụmọrụ mgbochi iwụda nke moto ahụ. A na-ejikarị ya eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe na moto plastering, moto njikọ brik na sistemụ mkpuchi mgbidi mpụga. Mmetụta siri ike nke cellulose ether nwekwara ike ime ka ikike mgbochi iwụsa na ịdị n'otu nke ihe ndị a gwakọtara ọhụrụ dịkwuo elu, gbochie mmebi ihe, nkewa na ọbara ọgbụgba, enwere ike iji ya na simenti eriri, simenti mmiri na simenti na-akpakọ onwe ya.
Mmetụta siri ike nke cellulose ether na ihe ndị e ji simenti mee na-esi na viscosity nke ihe ngwọta cellulose ether pụta. N'otu ọnọdụ ahụ, ka viscosity nke cellulose ether dị elu, otú ahụ ka viscosity nke ihe e ji simenti emezigharịrị ka mma, mana ọ bụrụ na viscosity dị oke elu, ọ ga-emetụta mmiri na ọrụ nke ihe ahụ (dịka ịrapara mma plastering). Srọt nke na-eme ka ihe dị n'otu na simenti nke na-eme ka ihe dị n'otu, nke chọrọ mmiri dị elu, chọrọ obere viscosity nke cellulose ether. Na mgbakwunye, mmetụta siri ike nke cellulose ether ga-eme ka mmiri chọọ ihe ndị e ji simenti mee ma mee ka mkpụrụ nke simenti dịkwuo elu.
Mmiri mmiri cellulose ether cellulose nwere nnukwu thixotropy, nke bụkwa ihe dị mkpa na cellulose ether. Mmiri mmiri nke methyl cellulose na-enwekarị mmiri mmiri pseudoplastic na nke na-abụghị thixotropic n'okpuru okpomọkụ gel ya, mana ọ na-egosi ihe ndị Newtonian na-agba na obere nha. Pseudoplasticity na-abawanye ka molekul dị arọ ma ọ bụ njupụta nke cellulose ether, n'agbanyeghị ụdị ihe nnọchi na ogo nke nnọchi. Ya mere, cellulose ethers nke otu ọkwa viscosity, n'agbanyeghị MC, HPMC, HEMC, ga-egosipụta otu ihe ndị ahụ ma ọ bụrụhaala na a na-eme ka ntinye na okpomọkụ dịgide. A na-emepụta gels nhazi mgbe okpomọkụ dị elu, mmiri mmiri thixotropic na-apụtakwa.
Oke njupụta na obere viscosity cellulose ethers na-egosi thixotropy ọbụna n'okpuru okpomọkụ gel. Ihe onwunwe a bara uru nke ukwuu na nhazi nke ọkwa na ịda mba na owuwu nke ụlọ. Ọ dị mkpa ịkọwa ebe a na ka viscosity nke cellulose ether dị elu, otú ahụ ka njigide mmiri ka mma, mana ka viscosity dị elu, otú ahụ ka molekul dị arọ nke cellulose ether dị elu, na mbelata kwekọrọ na ya na mmiri, nke nwere mmetụta ọjọọ na ntinye nke moto na arụmọrụ owuwu.
Ọbara mmiri, oke mmiri, okpomọkụ gburugburu na nhazi molekul nke cellulose ether nwere nnukwu mmetụta na arụmọrụ nchekwa mmiri ya. N'otu ọnọdụ ahụ, ka viscosity nke cellulose ether na-akawanye mma, otú ahụ ka nchekwa mmiri ka mma; ka usoro ọgwụgwọ ahụ dị elu, otú ahụ ka nchekwa mmiri ka mma. Ọtụtụ mgbe, obere cellulose ether nwere ike ime ka nchekwa mmiri nke mortar ka mma. Mgbe usoro ọgwụgwọ ahụ ruru otu. Mgbe usoro ọgwụgwọ mmiri na-abawanye, usoro ọgwụgwọ mmiri na-ebelata; mgbe okpomọkụ gburugburu na-arị elu, nchekwa mmiri nke cellulose ether na-ebelatakarị, mana ụfọdụ cellulose ethers agbanwere agbanwe nwekwara nchekwa mmiri ka mma n'okpuru ọnọdụ okpomọkụ dị elu; eriri nwere obere ọkwa nnọchi Vegan ether nwere arụmọrụ nchekwa mmiri ka mma.
Otu hydroxyl dị na molekul ether cellulose na atọm oxygen dị na njikọ ether ga-ejikọta ya na molekul mmiri iji mepụta njikọ hydrogen, na-agbanwe mmiri efu ka ọ bụrụ mmiri ejikọtara, si otú a na-arụ ọrụ dị mma na njigide mmiri; molekul mmiri na cellulose ether molekul yinye Interdiffusion na-enye molekul mmiri ohere ịbanye n'ime cellulose ether macromolecular yinye ma na-enwe ike ijikọ siri ike, si otú a na-emepụta mmiri efu, mmiri kpuchiri ekpuchi, ma na-eme ka njigide mmiri nke simenti dịkwuo mma; cellulose ether na-eme ka slurry simenti ọhụrụ ka mma. Njirimara rheological, nhazi netwọk porous na nrụgide osmotic ma ọ bụ ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe nkiri nke cellulose ether na-egbochi mgbasa nke mmiri.
3. Mmetụta nke cellulose ether na-etinye n'ikuku
Cellulose ether nwere mmetụta doro anya na-abanye n'ikuku n'ihe ndị e ji simenti ọhụrụ mee. Cellulose ether nwere ma otu hydrophilic (òtù hydroxyl, otu ether) na otu hydrophobic (òtù methyl, mgbanaka glucose), ọ bụkwa ihe na-eme ka ihe dị n'elu mmiri rụọ ọrụ nke ọma, si otú a na-enwe mmetụta ntinye ikuku. Mmetụta ntinye ikuku nke cellulose ether ga-emepụta mmetụta "bọọlụ", nke nwere ike ime ka arụmọrụ ọrụ nke ihe ndị a gwakọtara ọhụrụ ka mma, dị ka ịbawanye ike na ịdị ire ụtọ nke moto ahụ n'oge ọrụ, nke na-eme ka moto ahụ gbasaa; ọ ga-emekwa ka mmepụta moto ahụ dịkwuo elu, belata ọnụ ahịa mmepụta moto; mana ọ ga-eme ka porosity nke ihe siri ike dịkwuo elu ma belata ihe onwunwe ya dịka ike na modulus na-agbanwe agbanwe.
Dịka ihe na-eme ka mmiri dị n'ime mmiri, cellulose ether nwekwara mmetụta mmiri mmiri ma ọ bụ mmanụ n'ahụ ihe ndị e ji simenti mee, nke na-eme ka mmiri mmiri nke ihe ndị e ji simenti mee dịkwuo mma yana mmetụta ikuku ya, mana mmetụta ya nke ịgba mmiri ga-ebelata mmiri mmiri. Mmetụta ya na mmiri mmiri nke ihe ndị e ji simenti mee bụ njikọta nke mmetụta plastik na mmiri mmiri. N'ikwu ya n'ozuzu, mgbe ọdịnaya nke cellulose ether dị obere nke ukwuu, arụmọrụ bụ isi bụ plastik ma ọ bụ mbelata mmiri; mgbe ọdịnaya dị elu, mmetụta nke cellulose ether na-abawanye ngwa ngwa, mmetụta ya nke ịbanye n'ikuku na-abụkarị nke juru eju. Ya mere, ọ na-egosi dị ka mmetụta nke ịgba mmiri ma ọ bụ mmụba na mkpa mmiri.
4. Mmetụta na-adịghị mma nke cellulose ether
Cellulose ether ga-eme ka oge ntọala nke simenti ma ọ bụ simenti dị ogologo, ma mee ka mmiri simenti ghara ịdị ogologo, nke bara uru ime ka oge ọrụ nke ihe ndị a gwakọtara ọhụrụ ka mma, melite nguzozi nke simenti na mfu nke simenti ka oge na-aga, mana ọ nwekwara ike ime ka ọganihu owuwu ahụ kwụsị.
Oge ozi: Feb-03-2023