I tēnei wā, he maha ngā moata pereki me ngā moata parai he ngoikore te pupuri wai, ā, ka wehe te paru wai i muri i ētahi meneti o te tūnga. Nō reira, he mea tino nui te tāpiri i te nui e tika ana o te cellulose ether ki te moata sima.
1. Te pupuri wai o te cellulose ether
He mahi nui te pupuri wai o te cellulose ether, ā, he mahi anō hoki e aro nui ana te nuinga o ngā kaihanga moata ranunga maroke o te whare, inā koa ko ērā i ngā rohe tonga he nui te pāmahana.
I roto i te hanga rauemi hanga, inā koa te moata paura maroke, he mahi nui te cellulose ether, inā koa i roto i te hanga moata motuhake (moata whakarerekētia), he wāhanga tino nui, he mea nui hoki. He nui te awe o te matotoru, te horopeta, te pāmahana taiao me te hanganga ngota o te cellulose ether ki tōna mahi pupuri wai. I raro i ngā āhuatanga ōrite, ko te nui ake o te matotoru o te cellulose ether, ko te pai ake o te pupuri wai; ko te teitei ake o te horopeta, ko te pai ake o te pupuri wai. I te nuinga o te wā, ka taea e te iti o te cellulose ether te whakapai ake i te pupuri wai o te moata. Ina tae te horopeta ki tētahi taumata. Ina piki ake te taumata pupuri wai, ka puhoi te ia o te tere pupuri wai; ina piki te pāmahana taiao, ka heke te pupuri wai o te cellulose ether, engari ko ētahi cellulose ether whakarerekētia he pai ake te pupuri wai i raro i ngā āhuatanga pāmahana teitei; ko ngā muka he iti ake ngā nekehanga whakakapinga. He pai ake te mahi pupuri wai o te vegan ether.
Ka hono te rōpū hydroxyl i runga i te ngota cellulose ether me te ngota hāora i runga i te here ether ki te ngota wai hei hanga i te here hauwai, ka huri i te wai kore utu hei wai here, ā, ka whai wāhi nui ki te pupuri wai; ka taea e te ngota wai me te mekameka ngota cellulose ether te whakauru i ngā ngota wai ki roto i te mekameka macromolecular cellulose ether, ā, ka pāngia e ngā kaha here kaha, ā, ka hangaia he wai kore utu, he wai uaua, ā, ka whakapai ake i te pupuri wai o te paru sima; ka whakapai ake te cellulose ether i te paru sima hou. Ko ngā āhuatanga rheological, te hanganga whatunga porous me te pēhanga osmotic, ngā āhuatanga hanga kiriata rānei o te cellulose ether ka ārai i te horapa o te wai.
2. Te Whakamātotoru me te Thixotropy o te Cellulose Ether
Ka whakanuia e te cellulose ether te matotoru o te moata mākū, ka taea te whakanui ake i te kaha piri i waenga i te moata mākū me te paparanga turanga, me te whakapai ake i te mahi ārai-totoka o te moata. He whānuitia te whakamahinga i roto i te moata parai, te moata piri pereki me te pūnaha whakamahana pakitara o waho. Ka taea hoki e te pānga matotoru o te cellulose ether te whakanui ake i te kaha ārai-marara me te ōritetanga o ngā rauemi hou kua whakaranua, te ārai i te wehenga rauemi, te wehewehe me te toto, ā, ka taea te whakamahi i roto i te raima muka, te raima raro wai me te raima whakakī-whaiaro.
Ko te pānga matotoru o te cellulose ether ki ngā rauemi sima i ahu mai i te matotoru o te otinga cellulose ether. I raro i ngā āhuatanga ōrite, ko te teitei ake o te matotoru o te cellulose ether, ko te pai ake o te matotoru o te rauemi sima kua whakarerekētia, engari ki te nui rawa te matotoru, ka pā ki te rere me te mahi o te rauemi (pērā i te whakapiri i te maripi parai). Ko te moata whakataurite-ake me te raima whakakī-ake, e hiahia ana ki te rere nui, me iti te matotoru o te cellulose ether. Hei tāpiri, ko te pānga matotoru o te cellulose ether ka whakanui ake i te hiahia wai o ngā rauemi sima, ka whakanui ake hoki i te hua o te moata.
He nui te thixotropy o te wairewa wai cellulose ether matotoru-teitei, he āhuatanga nui anō hoki tēnei o te cellulose ether. Ko ngā wairewa wai o te methyl cellulose he maha ngā wā he pseudoplastic me te non-thixotropic fluidity i raro iho i tōna pāmahana gel, engari e whakaatu ana i ngā āhuatanga rere Newtonian i ngā tere kutikuti iti. Ka piki ake te pseudoplasticity me te taumaha ngota, te kukū rānei o te cellulose ether, ahakoa te momo whakakapinga me te nui o te whakakapinga. Nō reira, ko ngā cellulose ether o te taumata matotoru ōrite, ahakoa MC, HPMC, HEMC, ka whakaatu tonu i ngā āhuatanga rheological ōrite mena ka mau tonu te kukū me te pāmahana. Ka hangaia ngā gel hanganga ina piki ake te pāmahana, ā, ka puta ngā rerenga thixotropic tino nui.
Ahakoa kei raro iho i te pāmahana o te ira te kukū teitei me te matotoru iti o ngā cellulose ether, he pai te thixotropy o ēnei āhuatanga. He tino painga tēnei āhuatanga mō te whakatikatika i te whakataurite me te whakaheke i roto i te hanganga o te moata hanga whare. Me whakamārama i konei ko te teitei ake o te matotoru o te cellulose ether, ka pai ake te pupuri wai, engari ko te teitei ake o te matotoru, ka teitei ake te taumaha ngota whanaunga o te cellulose ether, ā, ka heke te wairewa, ka pā kino ki te kukū o te moata me te mahi hanga.
He nui te pānga o te matotoru, te horopeta, te pāmahana taiao me te hanganga ngota o te cellulose ether ki tōna mahi pupuri wai. I raro i ngā āhuatanga ōrite, ko te nui ake o te matotoru o te cellulose ether, ko te pai ake o te pupuri wai; ko te teitei ake o te horopeta, ko te pai ake o te pupuri wai. I te nuinga o te wā, ka taea e te iti o te cellulose ether te whakapai ake i te pupuri wai o te moata. Ina tae te horopeta ki tētahi taumata. Ina piki ake te taumata pupuri wai, ka puhoi te ia o te tere pupuri wai; ina piki ake te pāmahana taiao, ka heke te pupuri wai o te cellulose ether, engari ko ētahi cellulose ether kua whakarerekētia he pai ake te pupuri wai i raro i ngā āhuatanga pāmahana teitei; ko ngā muka he iti ake ngā nekehanga whakakapinga. He pai ake te mahi pupuri wai o te vegan ether.
Ka hono te rōpū hydroxyl i runga i te ngota cellulose ether me te ngota hāora i runga i te here ether ki te ngota wai hei hanga i te here hauwai, ka huri i te wai kore utu hei wai here, ā, ka whai wāhi nui ki te pupuri wai; ka taea e te ngota wai me te mekameka ngota cellulose ether te whakauru i ngā ngota wai ki roto i te mekameka macromolecular cellulose ether, ā, ka pāngia e ngā kaha here kaha, ā, ka hangaia he wai kore utu, he wai uaua, ā, ka whakapai ake i te pupuri wai o te paru sima; ka whakapai ake te cellulose ether i te paru sima hou. Ko ngā āhuatanga rheological, te hanganga whatunga porous me te pēhanga osmotic, ngā āhuatanga hanga kiriata rānei o te cellulose ether ka ārai i te horapa o te wai.
3. Te pānga o te cellulose ether ki te kuhu i te hau
He mārama te pānga o te cellulose ether ki te kukume i te hau ki ngā rauemi sima hou. He rōpū hydrophilic (ngā rōpū hydroxyl, ngā rōpū ether) me ngā rōpū hydrophobic (ngā rōpū methyl, ngā mowhiti glucose), ā, he matū horoi mata, nō reira he pānga kukume hau. Ka puta he pānga "pōro" i te pānga kukume hau o te cellulose ether, ka taea te whakapai ake i te mahi a ngā rauemi hou kua whakaranua, pērā i te whakanui ake i te kirihou me te maeneene o te moata i te wā e mahi ana, e whai hua ana ki te horapa o te moata; ka whakanui ake hoki i te putanga o te moata, ka whakaiti i te utu hanga o te moata; engari ka whakanui ake i te porosity o te rauemi kua whakapakeketia, ka whakaiti i ōna āhuatanga miihini pērā i te kaha me te modulus elasticity.
Hei matū horoi, he pānga whakamakuku, he pānga whakahinuhinu rānei tō te cellulose ether ki ngā matūriki sima, e whakanui ana i te rere o ngā rauemi sima me tōna pānga hopu-hau, engari ka whakaitihia te rere o te pānga whakamātotoru. Ko te awe ki te rere o ngā rauemi sima he huinga o ngā pānga whakakirihou me te whakamātotoru. I te nuinga o te wā, ina iti rawa te ihirangi o te cellulose ether, ko te mahi matua ko te whakakirihou, te whakaiti wai rānei; ina teitei te ihirangi, ka tere te piki o te pānga whakamātotoru o te cellulose ether, ā, ko tōna pānga hopu-hau he mea whakakī. Nō reira ka kitea hei pānga whakamātotoru, hei pikinga rānei o te hiahia wai.
4. Te whakaroa i te pānga o te cellulose ether
Ka roa ake te wā e whakatōkia ai te whakapiri sima, te moata rānei e te cellulose ether, ā, ka whakaroa i te tere o te makuku o te sima, he mea whai hua tēnei hei whakapai ake i te wā mahi o ngā rauemi hou kua whakaranua, hei whakapai ake i te ōritetanga o te moata me te ngaronga o te hinga o te raima i roto i te wā, engari ka taea hoki te whakaroa i te ahunga whakamua o te hanganga.
Te wā tuku: Hui-tanguru-03-2023