Mumortar yakasanganiswa yakagadzirwa, huwandu hwekuwedzera kwe cellulose ether hwakaderera zvikuru, asi hunogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya mashandiro emortar yakanyorova, uye chinhu chikuru chinokanganisa mashandiro emortar. Kusarudzwa kwakanaka kwe cellulose ethers dzemhando dzakasiyana, viscosities dzakasiyana, saizi dzakasiyana dzezvimedu, madhigirii akasiyana ekupenya uye huwandu hwakawedzerwa zvichave nemhedzisiro yakanaka pakuvandudzwa kwebasa remortar yakapfava. Parizvino, mortar dzakawanda dzemasonry neplastering hadzina mashandiro akanaka ekuchengetedza mvura, uye slurry yemvura inoparadzana mushure memaminitsi mashoma ekumira. Kuchengetwa kwemvura ibasa rakakosha remethyl cellulose ether, uye zvakare ibasa iro vagadziri vemortar yakapfava yemumba, kunyanya avo vari kumaodzanyemba ane tembiricha yakakwira, vanoteerera. Zvinhu zvinokanganisa mhedzisiro yekuchengetedza mvura yemortar yakapfava inosanganisira huwandu hweMC yakawedzerwa, viscosity yeMC, fineness yezvikamu uye tembiricha yenzvimbo yekushandisa.
1. Pfungwa
Cellulose etheripolymer yakagadzirwa kubva ku cellulose yechisikigo kuburikidza nekuchinja kwemakemikari. Cellulose ether inobva ku cellulose yechisikigo. Kugadzirwa kwe cellulose ether kwakasiyana nema polymer ekugadzira. Chinhu chayo chikuru i cellulose, musanganiswa we polymer wechisikigo. Nekuda kwehunhu hwe cellulose yechisikigo, cellulose pachayo haina kugona kuita ne etherification agents. Zvisinei, mushure mekurapwa kwemushonga wekuzvimba, hydrogen bonds yakasimba pakati pemaketani emamorekuru nemaketani inoparadzwa, uye kusunungurwa kwe hydroxyl group kunova reactive alkali cellulose. Wana cellulose ether.
Hunhu hwema ether e cellulose hunoenderana nerudzi, huwandu uye kugoverwa kwezvinotsiva. Kurongwa kwe ether e cellulose kunoenderanawo nerudzi rwezvinotsiva, mwero we etherification, kunyungudika uye hunhu hwakabatana hwekushandisa. Zvichienderana nerudzi rwezvinotsiva pa molecular chain, inogona kukamurwa kuita mono-ether uye mixed ether. MC yatinowanzo shandisa imono-ether, uye HPMC imixed ether. Methyl cellulose ether MC chigadzirwa mushure mekunge hydroxyl group iri pa glucose unit ye natural cellulose yatsiviwa ne methoxy. Ichi chigadzirwa chinowanikwa nekutsiva chikamu che hydroxyl group pa unit ne methoxy group uye chimwe chikamu ne hydroxypropyl group. Fomura yechimiro ndeiyi [C6H7O2(OH)3-mn(OCH3)m[OCH2CH(OH)CH3]n]x Hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose ether HEMC, idzi ndidzo mhando huru dzinoshandiswa zvakanyanya uye dzinotengeswa mumusika.
Panyaya yekunyungudika, inogona kukamurwa kuita ionic neisina ionic. Ma ether e non-ionic cellulose anonyungudika mumvura anonyanya kuumbwa ne alkyl ethers mbiri dzakatevedzana uye hydroxyalkyl ethers. Ionic CMC inonyanya kushandiswa mu sipo dzekugadzira, kudhinda nekudhaya machira, kutsvaga chikafu nemafuta. Non-ionic MC, HPMC, HEMC, nezvimwewo zvinonyanya kushandiswa muzvinhu zvekuvaka, latex coatings, mishonga, makemikari ezuva nezuva, nezvimwewo. Anoshandiswa se thickener, water retaining agent, stabilizer, dispersant uye film forming agent.
2. Kuchengetwa kwemvura kwe cellulose ether
Kuchengetwa kwemvura kwe cellulose ether: Mukugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvekuvaka, kunyanya dry powder mortar, cellulose ether ine basa risingatsiviwi, kunyanya mukugadzirwa kwe special mortar (modified mortar), chinhu chakakosha uye chakakosha.
Basa rakakosha re ether inonyungudika mumvura mumota rine zvinhu zvitatu, chimwe ndechekuti inogona kuchengetedza mvura zvakanaka, chimwe ndechekuti dombo rinokanganisa sei kuenderana kwemota uye thixotropy, uye chechitatu ndechekuti inoshanda sei nesimende. Kuchengetedza mvura kwe ether ye cellulose kunoenderana nekunyudzwa kwemvura kwechikamu chepasi, kuumbwa kwemota, ukobvu hwechikamu chemota, kudiwa kwemvura kwemota, uye nguva yekuiswa kwezvinhu. Kuchengetwa kwemvura kwe ether ye cellulose pachayo kunobva mukunyungudika uye kupera simba kwe cellulose ether pachayo. Sezvatinoziva tese, kunyangwe cellulose molecular chain ine huwandu hwakawanda hwe OH groups dzinokwanisa kunyorova zvakanyanya, hainyungudike mumvura, nekuti chimiro che cellulose chine mwero wepamusoro we crystallinity.
Kugona kwehydroxyl groups chete kunyorovesa mvura hakuna kukwana kufukidza simba rehydrogen bonds uye van der Waals masimba pakati pemamorekuru. Saka, inongozvimba chete asi hainyungudike mumvura. Kana chinhu chinotsiva chikaiswa mu molecular chain, kwete chete chinhu chinotsiva chinoparadza hydrogen chain, asiwo interchain hydrogen bond inoparadzwa nekuda kwekubatana kwechinhu chinotsiva pakati pemaketani ari pedyo. Chinhu chinotsiva chikuru, daro riri pakati pemamorekuru rakakura. Daro riri kure. Kana mhedzisiro yekuparadza hydrogen bonds yakakura, cellulose ether inonyungudika mumvura mushure mekunge cellulose lattice yawedzera uye mhinduro ichipinda, ichigadzira mhinduro ine viscosity yakawanda. Kana tembiricha yakwira, hydration yepolymer inoderera, uye mvura iri pakati pemaketani inodzingwa. Kana mhedzisiro yekushaya mvura yakakwana, mamorekuru anotanga kuungana, achigadzira gel yechimiro che network ine mativi matatu uye inopetwa.
Zvinhu zvinokanganisa kuchengetwa kwemvura mudhaka zvinosanganisira kusimba kwe cellulose ether, huwandu hwayo, kupfava kwezvidimbu uye tembiricha yekushandisa.
Kana viscosity ye cellulose ether yakakura, zvinoita kuti kuchengetedza mvura kuwedzere. Viscosity ndiyo parameter inokosha yekushanda kweMC. Parizvino, vagadziri veMC vakasiyana vanoshandisa nzira dzakasiyana uye zvishandiso kuyera viscosity yeMC. Nzira huru ndiHaake Rotovisko, Hoppler, Ubbelohde naBrookfield, nezvimwewo. Pachigadzirwa chimwe chete, viscosity yakawanikwa nenzira dzakasiyana yakasiyana zvikuru, uye dzimwe dzine musiyano wakapetwa kaviri. Saka, kana tichienzanisa viscosity, inofanira kuitwa pakati penzira dzakafanana dzekuedza, kusanganisira tembiricha, rotor, nezvimwewo.
Kazhinji, kana viscosity yakakwira, zvinoita kuti mvura irambe ichichengetwa zvakanaka. Zvisinei, kana viscosity yakakwira uye huremu hweMC hwakakwira, kudzikira kwekunyungudika kwayo kuchaita kuti simba remuto riwedzere uye mashandiro ekuvaka. Kana viscosity yakakwira, zvinoita kuti ganda riwedzere kukora, asi harina kuenzana zvakananga. Kana viscosity yakakwira, ndipo pachava nekusimba kwakanyanya, ndiko kuti, panguva yekuvaka, inoonekwa seinonamatira pa scraper uye ine kunamatira kwakanyanya ku substrate. Asi hazvibatsiri kuwedzera simba remuto wemvura pachayo. Panguva yekuvaka, kushanda kwe anti-sag hakusi pachena. Kusiyana neizvi, mamwe ma viscosity epakati nepasi asi akagadziriswa methyl cellulose ethers ane mashandiro akanaka mukuvandudza simba remuto wemvura.
Kana huwandu hwe cellulose ether hukawedzerwa mumortar hwakakura, zvinoita kuti kuchengetedza mvura kurambe kuri nani, uye viscosity yacho ikakwira, zvinoita kuti kuchengetedza mvura kurambe kuri nani.
Kana tichitaura nezvehukuru hwezvikamu, kana zvikamu zvidiki, zvinova nani kuchengetedza mvura. Mushure mekunge zvikamu zvikuru zve cellulose ether zvasangana nemvura, pamusoro payo panobva panyunguduka uye panogadzira gel yekuputira zvinhu kudzivirira mamorekuru emvura kuti asarambe achipinda. Dzimwe nguva hazvigone kupararira zvakaenzana uye kunyunguduka kunyangwe mushure mekukurunga kwenguva refu, zvichigadzira mhinduro ine makore kana agglomeration. Zvinokanganisa zvakanyanya kuchengetedza mvura ye cellulose ether yayo, uye kunyunguduka ndechimwe chezvinhu zvinosarudza cellulose ether.
Kupfava zvakare chiratidzo chakakosha chekushanda kwemethyl cellulose ether. Iyo MC inoshandiswa pakugadzira dry powder mortar inofanirwa kuve upfu, ine mvura shoma, uye kupfava kwayo kunodawo 20% ~ 60% yehukuru hwe particle kuti ive pasi pe63um. Kupfava uku kunokanganisa kunyungudika kwemethyl cellulose ether. MC yakawanda inowanzova granular, uye iri nyore kunyungudika mumvura isina agglomeration, asi mwero wekunyungudika unononoka, saka haina kukodzera kushandiswa mudry powder mortar. Mudry powder mortar, MC inopararira pakati pema agglomeration, fillers fine ne simende nezvimwe zvinhu zve cementing. Upfu hwakatsetseka chete ndihwo hunogona kudzivirira methyl cellulose ether agglomeration kana ichisanganiswa nemvura. Kana MC ikawedzerwa nemvura kuti inyungudike ma agglomerates, zvinonetsa zvikuru kupararira nekunyungudika.
Coarse MC haingoparadzi chete, asi inoderedzawo simba remuto. Kana muto wakadaro weupfu hwakaoma ukashandiswa munzvimbo yakakura, kumhanya kwemuto weupfu hwakaoma wemuto ...
Kupfava kweMC kunewo mhedzisiro yakati pakuchengetedza mvura. Kazhinji, kune ethers dzemethyl cellulose dzine viscosity yakafanana asi kupfava kwakasiyana, kana huwandu hwacho hwakawedzerwa, kupfava kwakanyanya ndiko kuri nani kuchengetedza mvura.
Kuchengetwa kwemvura kweMC kune chekuitawo netembiricha inoshandiswa, uye kuchengetwa kwemvura kwemethyl cellulose ether kunoderera nekuwedzera kwetembiricha. Zvisinei, mukushandiswa kwezvinhu chaizvo, dry powder mortar inowanzoiswa kune substrates dzinopisa patembiricha dzakakwirira (dzinopfuura madhigirii makumi mana) munzvimbo dzakawanda, dzakadai sekuiswa kwepurasitiki pamadziro ekunze pasi pezuva muzhizha, izvo zvinowanzo kurumidzisa Kucheneswa kwesimende uye kuoma kwe dry powder mortar. Kudzikira kwehuwandu hwekuchengetedza mvura kunotungamira kune kunzwa kuri pachena kuti kushanda uye kuramba kutsemuka zvinokanganiswa, uye zvakakosha zvikuru kuderedza simba rezvinhu zvetembiricha pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu aya.
Kunyangwe methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose ether additives parizvino ichionekwa seiri pamberi pekuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji, kuvimba kwayo nekupisa kucharamba kuchikonzera kushomeka kwekushanda kwedry powder mortar. Kunyangwe huwandu hwemethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose huchiwedzerwa (fomula yezhizha), kugona kushanda uye kuramba kupwanyika hazvigone kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekushandisa. Kuburikidza nekurapwa kwakakosha paMC, senge kuwedzera mwero we etherification, nezvimwewo, mhedzisiro yekuchengetedza mvura inogona kuchengetedzwa patembiricha yakakwira, kuitira kuti igone kupa mashandiro ari nani mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma.
3. Kukora uye Thixotropy yeCellulose Ether
Kukora uye thixotropy ye cellulose ether: Basa rechipiri re cellulose ether—kukora kunoenderana ne: mwero wepolymerization ye cellulose ether, kuwanda kwe solution, shear rate, tembiricha nezvimwe. Hunhu hwe gelling hwe solution hwakasiyana ne alkyl cellulose ne modified derivatives dzayo. Hunhu hwe gelation hune chekuita ne mwero we substitution, kuwanda kwe solution uye additives. Kune hydroxyalkyl modified derivatives, hunhu hwe gel hune chekuitawo ne mwero we modification we hydroxyalkyl. 10%-15% solution inogona kugadzirirwa low-viscosity MC ne HPMC, 5%-10% solution inogona kugadzirirwa medium-viscosity MC ne HPMC, uye 2%-3% solution inogona kugadzirirwa chete high-viscosity MC ne HPMC. Kazhinji, viscosity classification ye cellulose ether inoongororwawo ne 1%-2% solution.
Cellulose ether ine uremu hwakawanda ine simba guru rekukora. Mapolymer ane huremu hwakasiyana hwemamorekuru ane viscosities dzakasiyana mumhinduro imwe chete yekukora. Dhigirii repamusoro. Kukora kwacho kunogona kuwanikwa chete nekuwedzera huwandu hwakawanda hwe cellulose ether ine uremu hushoma hwemamorekuru. Kukora kwayo hakutsamiri zvakanyanya padanho rekuchekwa, uye kukora kwacho kunosvika pa viscosity yakatarwa, zvichida kuwedzerwa kushoma, uye kukora kunoenderana nekushanda kwekukora. Naizvozvo, kuti uwane kurongeka kwakati, huwandu hwakati hwe cellulose ether (kukora kwemhinduro) uye kukora kwemhinduro zvinofanira kuvimbiswa. Kupisa kwegel yemhinduro kunodererawo zvakanangana nekuwedzera kwekukora kwemhinduro, uye magel patembiricha yemumba mushure mekusvika pakukora kwakati. Kukora kwe HPMC kwe gelling kwakakwira zvakanyanya patembiricha yemumba.
Kuenderana kunogonawo kugadziriswa nekusarudza saizi yezvikamu uye kusarudza ether dze cellulose dzine madhigirii akasiyana ekuchinja. Chinonzi shanduko ndechekuunza mwero wakati wekutsiva mapoka ehydroxyalkyl pachimiro cheskeleton cheMC. Nekushandura marelative substitution values ezvikamu zviviri, kureva, maDS nems relative substitution values emapoka emethoxy nehydroxyalkyl atinowanzo taura. Zvinodiwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvekushanda kwe cellulose ether zvinogona kuwanikwa nekushandura marelative substitution values ezvikamu zviviri.
Hukama huripo pakati pekuenderana uye kugadziriswa: kuwedzerwa kwe cellulose ether kunokanganisa kushandiswa kwemvura kwedhaka, kuchinja kwehuwandu hwemvura nesimbi yesimbi ndiko kunoita kuti mvura nesimbi zviome, uye kana mvura ikawanda, mvura inonwiwa zvakanyanya.
Cellulose ethers inoshandiswa muzvinhu zvekuvaka zvine upfu inofanira kunyungudika nekukurumidza mumvura inotonhora uye inopa kugadzikana kwakakodzera kwehurongwa. Kana ikapihwa mwero wakati wekucheka, inoramba ichiva flocculent uye colloidal block, inova chigadzirwa chisina kunaka kana chemhando yepamusoro.
Kunewo hukama hwakanaka pakati pekuenderana kwe simende paste uye chiyero che cellulose ether. Cellulose ether inogona kuwedzera zvakanyanya viscosity yemortar. Kana chiyero chikuru, mhedzisiro yacho inonyanya kuoneka. High-viscosity cellulose ether aqueous solution ine thixotropy yakakwira, inovawo hunhu hukuru hwe cellulose ether. Mhinduro dzemvura dzeMC polymers dzinowanzova nepseudoplastic uye non-thixotropic fluidity pasi petembiricha yavo yegel, asi Newtonian flow properties pa low shear rates. Pseudoplasticity inowedzera nehuremu hwemamorekuru kana huwandu hwe cellulose ether, zvisinei nerudzi rwe substituent uye mwero wekutsiva. Naizvozvo, cellulose ethers dze viscosity grade imwe chete, zvisinei neMC, HPMC, HEMC, dzichagara dzichiratidza hunhu hwakafanana hwe rheological chero bedzi huwandu netembiricha zvichiramba zviripo.
Magel ekuvaka anoumbwa kana tembiricha yakwira, uye kuyerera kwethixotropic kwakanyanya kunoitika. Ma ether e cellulose ane huwandu hwakanyanya uye hushoma hwe viscosity anoratidza thixotropy kunyangwe ari pasi pe tembiricha yegel. Hunhu uhwu hunobatsira zvikuru pakugadzirisa kuenzana uye kudzikira mukuvaka chivakwa chemortar. Zvinofanira kutsanangurwa pano kuti viscosity ye cellulose ether yakakwira, kuchengetedza mvura kuri nani, asi viscosity yakakwira, huwandu hwemorekuru ye cellulose ether hwakakwira, uye kudzikira kwakafanana mukunyungudika kwayo, izvo zvine mhedzisiro yakaipa pakuwanda kwemortar uye mashandiro ekuvaka. Viscosity yakakwira, mhedzisiro yekukora kwayo iri pachena, asi haina kuenzana zvachose. Viscosity yepakati nepasi, asi modified cellulose ether ine mashandiro ari nani mukuvandudza simba rechivakwa chemortar yakanyorova. Nekuwedzera kwe viscosity, kuchengetedza mvura kwe cellulose ether kunovandudza.
4. Kunonoka kweCellulose Ether
Kudzoserwa kwe cellulose ether: Basa rechitatu re cellulose ether nderekunonotsa kunyoroveswa kwesimbi. Cellulose ether inopa mortar zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinobatsira, uye inoderedzawo kupisa kwekutanga kwesimbi uye inononotsa kunyoroveswa kwesimbi. Izvi hazvina kunaka pakushandiswa kwemortar munzvimbo dzinotonhora. Kudzoserwa uku kunokonzerwa nekunyudzwa kwemamorekuru e cellulose ether pazvigadzirwa zve hydration zvakaita seCSH neCa(OH)2. Nekuda kwekuwedzera kwe viscosity ye pore solution, cellulose ether inoderedza kufamba kwemaions mumushonga, nokudaro ichinonotsa kunyoroveswa kwesimbi.
Kana huwandu hwe cellulose ether mu mineral gel hukakwira, ndipo panonyanya kuoneka kunonoka kwe hydration. Cellulose ether haingononotsiri kuiswa chete, asiwo inononotsa kuoma kwe cement mortar system. Kunonoka kwe cellulose ether hakungotsamiri pakuwanda kwayo mu mineral gel system, asiwo pachimiro chemakemikari. Kana methylation yeHEMC yakakwira, kunonoka kwe cellulose ether kuri nani. Chiyero chekutsiva hydrophilic kune kuwedzera kwemvura, kunonoka kwemhedzisiro kwakasimba. Zvisinei, viscosity ye cellulose ether haina simba guru pa hydration kinetics ye cement.
Nekuwedzera kwehuwandu hwe cellulose ether, nguva yekuiswa kwemortar inowedzera zvakanyanya. Pane hukama hwakanaka husina kurongeka pakati penguva yekutanga yekuiswa kwemortar nehuwandu hwe cellulose ether, uye hukama hwakanaka pakati penguva yekupedzisira yekuiswa uye huwandu hwe cellulose ether. Tinogona kudzora nguva yekushanda kwemortar nekuchinja huwandu hwe cellulose ether.
Muchidimbu, muhari yakasanganiswa yakagadzirwa,ether ye celluloseinoita basa guru mukuchengetedza mvura, kukora, kunonotsa simba remvura yesimende, uye kuvandudza mashandiro ekuvaka. Kugona kwakanaka kuchengetedza mvura kunoita kuti mvura yesimende ikwane, kunogona kuvandudza kunyorova kwesimbi yesimbi yakanyorova, kuwedzera simba rekubatanidza simbi, uye kugadzirisa nguva. Kuwedzera cellulose ether musimbi yekupfapfaidza nemechanical kunogona kuvandudza mashandiro ekupfapfaidza kana kupomba uye simba rechimiro chesimbi. Nokudaro, cellulose ether iri kushandiswa zvakanyanya sechinhu chakakosha chinowedzera musimbi yakasanganiswa.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-28-2024