Plaster yakareruka yakagadzirwa negypsum ipurasitiki yekuvaka isingakuvadzi nharaunda inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzirisa madziro mukati, masisitimu ekudzivirira kupisa uye kugadzirisa hwaro hwekushongedza. Yakagadzirwa negypsum yekuvaka sechinhu chikuru chekusimbisa, ichiwedzerwa nezvinhu zvidiki (senge perlite, vitrified microspheres, mabhora efuro, nezvimwewo). Nekuda kwehunhu hwegypsum pachayo, senge kukurumidza kuomesesa uye kusimba, kukurumidza kudonha, uye nyore kupwanya, kuitira kuvandudza mashandiro ayo ekuvaka uye kunaka kwekushandiswa, zvinowanzo dikanwa kuwedzera zvimwe zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana kuti zvivandudze mashandiro ayo. Pakati pavo,hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), se cellulose ether inokosha inoshanda, inoita basa risingatsiviwi mukugadzira plaster yakareruka yakagadzirwa negypsum.
1. Hunhu hwekutanga hweHPMC
HPMC ipolymer isinganyungudike mumvura inogadzirwa ne etherification modification ye natural high-molecular cellulose. Ine hunhu hwakanaka hwekuchengetedza mvura, kukora, kunyorova, kugadzira firimu uye kusungirira. Inowanzowedzerwa muchimiro chehupfu kuplaster, mortar nezvimwe zvinhu zvekuvaka zvakasanganiswa zvakaoma, uye inozvimba nekunyunguduka nekukurumidza kana yasangana nemvura kuti iite basa rayo.
2. Basa guru reHPMC mukugadzira plaster yakareruka yakagadzirwa negypsum
2.1. Wedzera kuchengetwa kwemvura uye kuwedzera nguva yekushanda kwayo
Gypsum ine nguva pfupi yekutanga uye inonyudzwa mvura nesimba, uye inokurumidza kurasikirwa nemvura panguva yekuvaka, zvichikonzera matambudziko akadai sekutsemuka nekupwanyika. HPMC ine mvura inochengetedza zvakanaka uye inogona kugadzira firimu remvura rakafanana mumatope, kuderedza kupinda kwemvura yakasununguka mupasi, uye kunonoka kupwanyika kwemvura, nokudaro:
Iva nechokwadi chekuti gypsum inonyorovesa zvakakwana uye inovandudza kusimba kwechinhu chacho;
Deredza kutsemuka kweganda uye kuvandudza kunaka kwaro;
Wedzera nguva yekushanda kwekuvaka, wedzera kushanda zvakanaka kwebasa uye kugona kuchinjika pakuvaka, kunyanya munzvimbo dzinopisa zvakanyanya uye dzakaoma.
2.2. Kuvandudza kuvaka uye kushanda zvakanaka
HPMC inogona kuvandudza kusimba uye kusimba kwe gypsum plaster, zvichiita kuti slurry yayo ive yakapfava uye inonyorovesa. Zvinonyatsoonekwa mu:
Zviri nyore kusanganisa nekuisa, zviri nyore kuisa;
Deredza kutsvedza kwezvinhu uye kuita upfu;
Ita shuwa kuti plaster iri pamadziro yakafanana uye kuti pamusoro payo pave pakadzikama.
2.3. Kuvandudza kunamira uye hunhu hwekudzivirira kudonha
HPMC inogona kugadzira firimu rakanaka rekushandisa mvura pakati pemvura nepasi pevhu, inovandudza kunamira pakati pepurasita nepamusoro pemadziro, uye nekudaro zvinobudirira:
Deredza matambudziko ekudonha kwevhu nekudzikira kwevhu;
Wedzera kugona kwekudzivirira kudonha kwechinhu pakuvaka pamusoro wakamira, zvichiita kuti chinhu chisanyanya kutsvedza, izvo zvinobatsira pakuvaka jira rakakora;
Batsirai kugadzira jira rekupedzisa rakatsetseka uye rakakora.
2.4. Gadzirisa kuenderana uye kukora kwechinhu
HPMC ine kugona kwakanaka kwekudzora kupenya kwemvura. Mushure mekunyungudika mumvura, inoumba sisitimu ye viscoelastic colloid, iyo inodzikamisa gypsum slurry yese, inodzivirira kupatsanurwa uye kupatsanurwa, uye inovandudza kugadzikana kwehuwandu hwezvinhu. Panguva imwe chete, zvichienderana negiredhi re viscosity uye huwandu hwekuwedzera hwemhando dzakasiyana dzeHPMC, vashandisi vanogona kugadzirisa kuenderana kweplaster nenzira dzakasiyana dzekuvaka (senge plaster nemaoko uye mechanical spraying).
2.5. Kuvandudza kusimba kwekuputika mushure mekuvaka
Plasta yakareruka yakagadzirwa negypsum inowanzo pwanyika nekuda kwehuremu hwayo uye kupwanyika kwayo kukuru. HPMC inogona kuderedza kushushikana nekupwanyika nekuwedzera kuchengetwa kwemvura, kunonoka kuiswa uye kuchinjika. Pamusoro pezvo, HPMC inogonawo kuvandudza kuramba kweplasta kuchinjika, zvichiita kuti ive yakakodzera nzvimbo dzakasiyana dzepasi.
3. Nzira dzekudzivirira pakushandisa HPMC
Nzira yekuwedzera: HPMC inowanzo sanganiswa nehumwe hupfu sechikamu chemusanganiswa wakaoma pachine nguva. Hazvikurudzirwi kuiisa zvakananga mumvura woikurunga kuti isaungane.
Kudzora mwero wemushonga: Kuwedzera zvakanyanya kunogona kukonzera nguva yakawanda yekugwamba kwemuviri, simba shoma, uye kunamira kushoma. Huwandu hunokurudzirwa hwekuwedzera hunowanzo shandiswa i0.1%~0.5%.
Kusarudzwa kwemuenzaniso: HPMC ine kupenya kwakasiyana uye madhigirii ekutsiva inofanira kusarudzwa zvichienderana nekugadzirwa kwechigadzirwa kuti ifunge nezvekushanda kwechivakwa uye kushanda kwechigadzirwa chapera.
4. Kukosha kweHPMC mukusimudzira zvinhu zvekuvaka zvakasvibira
Pasi pemaitiro aripo ekukurudzira kuvaka nenzira dzinochengetedza simba uye dzisingakuvadzi nharaunda, plaster yakareruka yakagadzirwa negypsum iri kushandiswa zvakanyanya muzvivakwa zvakasvibira nekuda kwekubatsira kwayo kwezviwanikwa zvinogona kushandiswazve, kuburitsa kabhoni shoma, uye kunyaradzwa kwakanaka. HPMC, sechinowedzerwa chinoshanda zvakanyanya muchimiro chegypsum plaster, haingogadzirise mashandiro ayo chete, asiwo inovandudza kushanda kwayo pakuvaka uye mwero wekushandiswa kwezvinhu, inoderedza marara ezviwanikwa anokonzerwa nekugadzirisa, uye inobatsira zvikuru mukusimudzira kukura kwenguva refu kwezvinhu zvakasvibira.
Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) inoita mabasa akawanda mukugadzira plaster yakareruka yakagadzirwa negypsum., kusanganisira kuchengetedza mvura, kukora, kukwiza mafuta, kudzivirira kudzika kwemvura uye kuwedzera kubatana, izvo zvinovandudza kushanda zvakanaka, hunhu hwemakanika uye hupenyu hwebasa re gypsum plaster. Nekuwedzera kwekudiwa kwezvinhu zvakareruka, zvinochengetedza simba uye zvine hushamwari kune zvakatipoteredza muindasitiri yekuvaka, kukosha kwe HPMC mumasisitimu akavakirwa pa gypsum kuchawedzera kuzivikanwa, uye kukosha kwayo kwehunyanzvi nenzvimbo yekushandisa pamusika zvicharamba zvichiwedzera. Kusarudzwa kwakakodzera uye kushandiswa kwe HPMC kuchapa hwaro hwakasimba hwekuvandudza mashandiro emasisitimu e gypsum plaster uye kuona kuti mapurojekiti ekuvaka akanaka.
Nguva yekutumira: Chikunguru-03-2025