Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC)imhando ye non-ionic cellulose ether inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muzvinhu zvakagadzirwa nesimende zvakaita sekuvaka mortar, tile adhesive, self-leveling mortar, uye cement plaster. Basa rayo guru nderekuvandudza kushanda zvakanaka, kuchengetedza mvura, uye kugadzikana kwemusanganiswa. Zvisinei, semusanganiswa we organic une uremu hwakawanda, HPMC inewo simba guru pakuita kwemuviri nemakemikari panguva yekunyoroveswa kwesimende.
1. Hunhu hweHPMC hwemakemikari emuviri
HPMC ipolymer inonyungudika mumvura inoumbwa kubva mu cellulose yechisikigo kuburikidza ne etherification reaction iyo inoisa mapoka e methoxy ne hydroxypropoxy. Maumbirwo ayo emamorekuru ane akawanda ma hydroxyl ne ether bonds, zvichiita kuti igadzire network yakasimba yehydrogen bond nemamorekuru emvura, zvichikonzera kuchengetedza mvura zvakanaka uye hunhu hwekugadzira firimu. Mhinduro yayo yemvura inoratidza hunhu hwe pseudoplastic fluid, zvichireva kuti viscosity yayo inoderera pasi pekuchekwa, izvo zvinobatsira pamabasa ekuvaka. Nekuda kwehunhu hwayo husiri hwe ionic, HPMC inosangana zvishoma nezvishoma ne ionic components mu simende. Zvisinei, kuburikidza nekunyudzwa kwemuviri uye steric inhibitory effects, ichiri kukanganisa maitiro e hydration e simende particles.
2. Kupesvedzera kweHPMC padanho rekutanga remvura inoyerera nesimende
Mukutanga kwekunyoroveswa kwesimende, mamorekuru eHPMC anogona kunyudza pamusoro pezvikamu zvesimende, zvichiita firimu repolymeric. Firimu iri rinotadzisa kupinda kwemvura muzvikamu zvesimende, zvichinonotsa kunyungudika kweC₃S (triccalcium silicate) neC₃A (triccalcium aluminate). Zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti kuwedzerwa kweHPMC kunononotsa zvakanyanya nguva yekugadzirwa kwesimende, zvichichinja peak ye exothermic yesystem gare gare, zvichikonzera kudzikira kwehuwandu hwemvura.
Mhedzisiro yekunonoka iyi inonyanya kubva pazvinhu zviviri:
Chidziviriro chemuviri: Firimu reHPMC rinodzivirira kupararira kwemvura uye kuchinjana kwemaion, zvichideredza kuumbwa kwemanuclei ekutanga kwemvura.
Kukwikwidzana kwemvura inonyudzwa: HPMC ine simba rakasimba rekunyudzwa kwemvura, ichikwikwidzana nesimende kuti iwane mvura yakasununguka musystem, zvichiita kuti chiyero chemvura nesimende chishande zvakanaka chisanyanya kushanda, nokudaro zvichideredza mwero wemvura inonyudzwa.
Saka, mumasisitimu emota ane HPMC, nguva yekutanga neyekupedzisira yekuisa inowanzo wedzerwa, asi izvi zvinobatsira pakuvandudza kushanda.
3. Kupesvedzera kweHPMC paZvigadzirwa zveSimende
Kunyange hazvo HPMC ichitanga yadzivisa kunyoroveswa kwemvura, kunonoka kwayo hakuparadzi mwero wekupedzisira wekunyoroveswa kwesimende. Nekufamba kwenguva, HPMC inonyunguduka zvishoma nezvishoma kana kupararira munzvimbo ine alkaline, zvichikanganisa kuputira uye zvichiita kuti kunyoroveswa kwesimende kurambe kuripo.
Munguva yekunyorovesa mvura gare gare, maumbirwo ezvigadzirwa zvakaita se hydrated calcium silicate (CSH gel) uye calcium hydroxide (CH) zvinogadzirwa musystem zvinowanzova dense, uye porosity inoderera. Mhedzisiro yekuchengetedza mvura yeHPMC inoita kuti hydration irambe iripo munzvimbo yakaoma, nokudaro ichikurudzira hydration reaction yakazara uye kuderedza kuumbwa kwe shrinkage cracks yekuomesa. Dzimwe ongororo dzinoratidzawo kuti HPMC inogona kukurudzira kuumbwa kwakafanana kweCSH nekudzora kufamba kwemaion uye pH yemuno, nokudaro ichiwedzera density ye interfacial layer.
4. Mhedzisiro yeHPMC paMicrostructure neMechanical Properties
Kuvapo kweHPMC kunochinja zvikuru chimiro che simende. Network yayo ye polymer ine mativi matatu inobatsira kuchengetedza hunyoro panguva yekuoma, zvichiita kuti zvigadzirwa zve hydration zviwanikwe zvakaenzana uye chimiro che pore chakapfava. Kuongorora kwe scanning electron microscopy (SEM) kunoratidza kuti simende ine HPMC yakawedzerwa ine pores shoma pamusoro uye CSH gel distribution yakanyanya.
Zvisinei, hunhu hweHPMC hunogonawo kuderedza simba rekutanga remuviri wakaoma kusvika pamwero wakati. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti pakutanga, dzimwe nzvimbo hadzina mvura yakakwana, uye kunonoka kuiswa kunoderedza simba. Zvisinei, sezvo hydration inoramba ichienderera mberi, simba rinodzoka uye rinotowedzera zvishoma gare gare. Iyi "nzira yekudzivirira kwekutanga, kuwedzera gare gare" inonyanya kuoneka mumasisitimu eHPMC ane dosage shoma (<0.5%).
5. Kuenzana kwemupimo weHPMC nemhedzisiro yawo
Chipimo cheHPMC chinhu chikuru chinokanganisa kushanda kwayo. Kazhinji, kana chiyero cheHPMC chiri 0.1%–0.5% yehukuru hwesimende, chinogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya kuchengetwa kwemvura uye kushanda pasina kudzikamisa zvakanyanya maitiro emvura. Chipimo chakawandisa chinogona kutungamira pakunonoka kwenguva refu mukuita kwemvura, kuwedzera kwekuoma kwesimbi yesimende, uye pakupedzisira, kukanganisa hunhu hwemakanika.
Dhigirii rekutsiva (DS), giredhi rekutsvinda, uye huremu hwemamorekuru eHPMC zvinokanganisawo maitiro emvura. HPMC ine viscosity yakakura, ine mhedzisiro yakasimba yekutsvinda uye inodzivisa kunyura, zvichikonzera kunonoka kukuru kwemvura; nepo HPMC ine viscosity shoma inogona kuenzana kushanda uye kushanda kwayo.
HPMC ine basa rakapetwa kaviri mukuita kuti zvinhu zvakagadzirwa nesimende zvinyungudike:
Danho rekutanga: Rinononotsa kunyorova kwesimbi yesimbi kuburikidza nekusveta, kugadzira firimu, uye kunyudzwa kwemvura, zvichiita kuti nguva yekuisa mvura iwedzere.
Danho repakati kusvika pakupera: Rinosimudzira kunyorova kwemvura nguva dzose kuburikidza nekuchengetedza mvura uye kurongeka kwenzvimbo, zvichivandudza kusimba kwechimiro uye kugadzikana kwehuwandu.
Chiyero chakakodzera uye chimiro chakakodzera chemorekuruHPMCHazvigone kungovandudza mashandiro asi zvinogonawo kugadzirisa magadzirirwo esimbi uye mashandiro enguva refu esimbi yesimbi kusvika pamwero wakati. Saka, muinjiniya yekuvaka, kudzora nesainzi mhando nechiyero cheHPMC ndicho chinhu chikuru chekuwana chiyero uye kugadzirisa mashandiro ezvinhu zvakagadzirwa nesimende.
Nguva yekutumira: Mbudzi-06-2025