Ikibazo cyo kugabanuka kwa viscosity mu gihe cyo kubika irangi ni ikibazo gikunze kugaragara, cyane cyane nyuma yo kubika igihe kirekire, viscosity y'irangi igabanuka cyane, bigira ingaruka ku mikorere y'inyubako n'ubwiza bw'umusaruro. Kugabanuka kwa viscosity bifitanye isano n'ibintu byinshi, nko ubushyuhe, ubushuhe, guhindagurika kwa solvent, kwangirika kwa polymer, nibindi, ariko imikoranire na ether ya cellulose thickener ni ingenzi cyane.
1. Uruhare rw'ibanze rwa eteri ya selulose
Cellulose ether ni ikintu gikunze gukoreshwa cyane mu irangi rishingiye ku mazi. Imirimo yacyo y'ingenzi irimo:
Ingaruka zo gushonga: Cellulose ether ishobora gukora imiterere y’urusobe rw’amazi mu buryo butatu ibyimbye binyuze mu kwinjiza amazi, bityo ikongera ubukana bw’urusobe rw’amazi no kunoza imikorere y’irangi n’imikorere yaryo.
Ingaruka zo guhagarara kw'ibara: Cellulose ether ishobora gukumira neza ko uduce duto nk'amabara n'ibice byuzuza irangi bitamera neza kandi igatuma irangi rigumana imiterere imwe.
Imiterere y'ikora filime: Cellulose ether ishobora kandi kugira ingaruka ku miterere y'ikora filime ry'irangi, bigatuma irangi rikomera kandi riramba.
Hari ubwoko bwinshi bwa ether za selulosi, harimo methyl cellulose (MC), hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), n'ibindi. Ibi bikoresho bifite ubushobozi bwo gushonga, ubushobozi bwo gukuba ndetse no kwirinda kubika ibintu mu bipfuka.
2. Impamvu z'ingenzi zituma ububobere bugabanuka
Mu gihe cyo kubika irangi, kugabanuka kwa viscosity biterwa ahanini n'impamvu zikurikira:
(1) Kwangirika kwa eteri za selulose
Ingaruka zo kwiyongera kwa eteri za selulosi mu bipfundikizo biterwa n'ingano y'uburemere bwa molekile zazo n'ubusugire bw'imiterere yazo ya molekile. Mu gihe cyo kubika, ibintu nk'ubushyuhe, aside na alkalinity, hamwe na mikorobe bishobora gutera kwangirika kwa eteri za selulosi. Urugero, mu gihe cyo kubika igihe kirekire, ibice bya aside cyangwa alkali biri mu bipfundikizo bishobora gushonga urunigi rwa molekile rwa eteri ya selulosi, bikagabanya uburemere bwa molekile, bityo bigatuma imbaraga zayo zigabanuka, bigatuma ubukana bugabanuka.
(2) Guhindagurika kw'ibintu bishongesha umwuka no kwimuka kw'ubushuhe
Guhindagurika kw'ibintu bishongesha cyangwa kwimuka k'ubushuhe mu gipfundikizo bishobora kugira ingaruka ku miterere y'ubushuhe bwa eteri ya selulose. Mu gihe cyo kubika, igice cy'amazi gishobora guhumeka cyangwa kikajya hejuru y'igipfundikizo, bigatuma ikwirakwira ry'amazi mu gipfundikizo ritangana, bityo bigira ingaruka ku rugero rwo kubyimba kwa eteri ya selulose kandi bigatera kugabanuka k'ubushuhe mu duce duto.
(3) Igitero cya mikorobe
Ukwiyongera kwa mikorobe mu gipfundikizo bishobora kubaho iyo bibitswe nabi cyangwa imiti irinda kwangirika igakora nabi. Udukoko dushobora kubora eteri za cellulose n'ibindi binini bya organic, bigatuma imbaraga zabyo zigabanuka kandi bigatuma ubukana bw'igipfundikizo bugabanuka. Udukoko dushingiye ku mazi, cyane cyane, ni ahantu heza ho gukura kwa mikorobe kuko tuba dufite amazi menshi.
(4) Gusaza kw'ubushyuhe bwinshi
Mu gihe cy’ubushyuhe bwinshi bwo kubika, imiterere y’umubiri cyangwa iy’imiti y’uruhererekane rwa molekile ya eteri ya selulosi ishobora guhinduka. Urugero, eteri za selulosi zishobora kwibasirwa n’ubushyuhe bwinshi cyangwa pyrolysis, bigatuma ingaruka zo kwiyongera kw’ubushyuhe zigabanuka. Ubushyuhe bwinshi nabwo bwihutisha ihindagurika ry’ibinyabutabire n’amazi asohoka, birushaho kugira ingaruka ku buryo burambye.
3. Uburyo bwo kunoza uburyo ibisigazwa bibikwamo ibintu bihamye
Kugira ngo hagabanuke kugabanuka k'ubushyuhe mu gihe cyo kubika no kongera igihe cyo kubika, ingamba zikurikira zishobora gufatwa:
(1) Guhitamo eteri ya selulose ikwiye
Ubwoko butandukanye bwa ether za selulosi bufite imikorere itandukanye mu bijyanye no kuguma mu bubiko. Ether za selulosi zifite uburemere bwinshi bwa molekile muri rusange zigira ingaruka nziza zo gukomera, ariko kuguma mu bubiko kwazo ni bibi cyane, mu gihe ether za selulosi zifite uburemere buke bwa molekile zishobora kugira imikorere myiza yo kubika. Kubwibyo, mu gihe cyo gushushanya formula, ether za selulosi zifite ubushobozi bwo kuguma mu bubiko bwiza zigomba gutoranywa, cyangwa ether za selulosi zigashyirwa hamwe n'izindi mashini zigabanya ubukana kugira ngo zongere ubushobozi bwo kubika.
(2) Kugenzura pH y'igitambaro
Ubushyuhe n'uburemere bw'ubushyuhe mu buryo bwo gusiga bifite ingaruka zikomeye ku buryo eteri za selulosi ziguma zihamye. Mu buryo bwo gushushanya, agaciro ka pH k'ubushyuhe gakwiye kugenzurwa kugira ngo hirindwe ko hari aside nyinshi cyangwa alkaline nyinshi kugira ngo bigabanye kwangirika kwa eteri za selulosi. Muri icyo gihe, kongeramo ingano ikwiye ya pH adjuster cyangwa buffer bishobora gufasha guhagarara neza kwa pH y'ubushyuhe.
(3) Kongera ikoreshwa ry'ibintu bibungabunga
Kugira ngo hirindwe ko mikorobe zandura, hagomba kongerwamo ingano ikwiye y’ibintu bibungabunga ibidukikije. Ibikoresho bibungabunga ibidukikije bishobora kubuza ko mikorobe zikura, bityo bikarinda ko ibintu bikomoka ku bimera nka cellulose ether bibora kandi bigatuma igitambaro kigumana ubusugire. Ibikoresho bibungabunga ibidukikije bikwiye gutoranywa hakurikijwe uburyo bishyirwamo igitambaro n’aho bibikwa, kandi imikorere yabyo igomba kugenzurwa buri gihe.
(4) Kugenzura aho ububiko buherereye
Ubushyuhe n'ubushuhe bw'igipfundikizo bigira ingaruka zitaziguye ku buryo ubushyuhe bukomeza kwiyongera. Igipfundikizo kigomba kubikwa ahantu humutse kandi hakonje, hirindwa ubushyuhe bwinshi n'ubushuhe bwinshi kugira ngo bigabanye ubushyuhe bw'ibinyabutabire n'iyangirika rya eteri ya cellulose. Byongeye kandi, gupfunyika neza bishobora kugabanya ku buryo amazi yimuka kandi agashira amazi mu kirere ndetse bigatinza kugabanuka k'ubushyuhe.
4. Ibindi bintu bigira ingaruka ku bushyuhe
Uretse ether za cellulose, ibindi bice biri muri sisitemu yo gusiga bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mpinduka mu bucucike. Urugero, ubwoko n'ubwinshi bw'amabara, igipimo cyo guhinduka kw'ibintu bisukura, hamwe n'uburyo ibindi bintu bigabanya ubucucike cyangwa ibigabanya ubucucike bishobora kugira ingaruka ku bucucike bw'ubucucike. Kubwibyo, imiterere rusange y'uburyo bwo gusiga n'imikoranire hagati y'ibice nabyo ni ingingo z'ingenzi zigomba kwitabwaho.
Kugabanuka k'ubushyuhe mu gihe cyo kubika irangi bifitanye isano rya bugufi n'ibintu nko kwangirika kwa eteri za cellulose, guhinduka kw'ibinyabutabire, no kwimuka kw'amazi. Kugira ngo hongerwe uburyo irangi riguma rihagaze neza, hagomba gutoranywa ubwoko bwa eteri za cellulose zikwiye, pH y'irangi igomba kugenzurwa, ingamba zo kurwanya ingese zigakongerwa, kandi ahantu ho kubika hagakongerwa uburyo bwiza. Binyuze mu gushushanya neza formula no gucunga neza ububiko, ikibazo cyo kugabanuka k'ubushyuhe mu gihe cyo kubika irangi gishobora kugabanuka neza, kandi imikorere y'ibicuruzwa n'ubushobozi bwo guhangana ku isoko bishobora kunozwa.
Igihe cyo kohereza ubutumwa: 27 Nzeri 2024