Kupanga matope odzipangira okha okhala ndi gypsum kumafuna kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zosiyanasiyana zopangira, zomwe zimakhudza makhalidwe enieni a chinthu chomaliza. Gawo lofunika kwambiri la matope odzipangira okha ndi cellulose ether, yomwe ndi yowonjezera yofunika kwambiri.
Ma matope odziyimira okha okhala ndi gypsum: mwachidule
Mtondo wodzisankhira ndi chinthu chapadera chomangira chomwe chimapangidwira ntchito za pansi zomwe zimafuna malo osalala komanso ofanana. Mtondo uwu nthawi zambiri umakhala ndi zomangira, zomangira ndi zowonjezera zosiyanasiyana kuti ukwaniritse magwiridwe antchito ake. Gypsum ndi mchere wachilengedwe womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati chomangira chachikulu mumtondo wodzisankhira chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake apadera, kuphatikizapo kukhazikika mwachangu komanso kugwira ntchito bwino kwambiri.
Zipangizo zopangira matope odziyimira okha okhala ndi gypsum:
1. Gypsum:
Chitsime: Gypsum ndi mchere womwe ungakumbidwa kuchokera ku zinthu zachilengedwe.
Ntchito: Gypsum imagwira ntchito ngati chomangira chachikulu cha matope odziyimira okha. Imathandiza kuti matopewo akhale olimba mwachangu komanso kuti akhale olimba.
2. Kusonkhanitsa:
Chitsime: Aggregate imachokera ku dothi lachilengedwe kapena miyala yophwanyika.
Udindo: Zosakaniza, monga mchenga kapena miyala yosalala, zimapereka chiŵerengero chachikulu ku matope ndipo zimakhudza mphamvu zake, kuphatikizapo mphamvu ndi kulimba.
3. Cellulose ether:
Chitsime: Ma ether a cellulose amachokera ku zinthu zachilengedwe monga ma cellulose monga matabwa kapena thonje.
Ntchito: Cellulose ether imagwira ntchito ngati chosinthira rheology komanso chosungira madzi kuti chikhale chogwira ntchito bwino, chomamatira komanso magwiridwe antchito onse a matope odziyimira pawokha.
4. Chothandizira kuchepetsa madzi bwino kwambiri:
Chitsime: Superplasticizers ndi ma polima opangidwa.
Ntchito: Chochepetsera madzi chogwira ntchito bwino chimathandiza kuti matope azigwira ntchito bwino komanso kuti asawonongeke, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kuyika ndi kulinganiza.
5. Wobwezera:
Chitsime: Zotsalira nthawi zambiri zimachokera ku zinthu zachilengedwe.
Ntchito: Retarder imatha kuchepetsa nthawi yoyika matope, kuwonjezera nthawi yogwira ntchito ndikulimbikitsa njira yokhazikika.
6. Kudzaza:
Chitsime: Zodzaza zitha kukhala zachilengedwe (monga miyala yamchere) kapena zopangidwa.
Ntchito: Zodzaza zimathandiza kuti matope azichuluka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti matopewo azichulukana komanso zimakhudza zinthu monga kuchuluka kwa mafuta ndi kutentha.
7. Ulusi:
Chitsime: Ulusi ukhoza kukhala wachilengedwe (monga ulusi wa cellulose) kapena wopangidwa (monga ulusi wa polypropylene).
Ntchito: Ulusi umawonjezera mphamvu yokoka ndi kusinthasintha kwa matope ndipo umachepetsa chiopsezo cha kusweka.
8. Madzi:
Chitsime: Madzi ayenera kukhala oyera komanso oyenera kumwa.
Ntchito: Madzi ndi ofunikira pakupanga madzi a pulasitala ndi zosakaniza zina, zomwe zimathandiza kuti matope akhale olimba.
Njira Yopangira:
Kukonzekera zinthu zopangira:
Gypsum imakumbidwa ndikukonzedwa kuti ipange ufa wabwino.
Chosakanizacho chimasonkhanitsidwa ndikuphwanyidwa mpaka kukula kofunikira.
Ma ether a cellulose amapangidwa kuchokera ku magwero a cellulose kudzera mu kukonza mankhwala.
kusakaniza:
Gypsum, aggregate, cellulose ethers, superplasticizer, retarder, fillers, ulusi ndi madzi zimayesedwa bwino ndikusakanikirana kuti pakhale chisakanizo chofanana.
QC:
Chosakanizachi chimayesedwa mwamphamvu kuti chitsimikizire kuti chikukwaniritsa kusinthasintha, mphamvu ndi miyezo ina yogwirira ntchito.
Phukusi:
Chomaliza chimayikidwa m'matumba kapena m'zidebe zina kuti chigawidwe ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito pamalo omangira.
Pomaliza:
Kupanga matope odzipangira okha okhala ndi gypsum kumafuna kusankha mosamala ndi kuphatikiza zipangizo zopangira kuti zikwaniritse zofunikira. Ma cellulose ethers amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri ngati zowonjezera zomwe zimapangitsa kuti matope azigwira ntchito bwino, azigwira ntchito bwino komanso kuti ntchito yonse ya matope ikhale yolimba. Pamene makampani omanga nyumba akupitilizabe kusintha, kafukufuku ndi chitukuko cha sayansi ya zipangizo zingapangitse kuti matope odzipangira okha akhale abwino kwambiri, kuphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito zowonjezera zatsopano komanso zipangizo zokhazikika.
Nthawi yotumizira: Disembala-11-2023