Kodi ma starch ethers ndi otani omwe amapangidwa?

Ma ether a starchndi zinthu zopangidwa ndi polima zosungunuka m'madzi zopangidwa kuchokera ku starch yachilengedwe kudzera mu kusintha kwa mankhwala kapena thupi. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka popanga zinthu ngati zowonjezera kuti asunge madzi, achulukitse, apititse patsogolo kugwira ntchito, komanso awonjezere mphamvu za rheological za zinthuzo. Nthawi zambiri zimachokera ku starch ya zomera monga chimanga, mbatata, ndi chinangwa. Magulu a ether amayambitsidwa kudzera mu etherification reaction, kusintha kusungunuka kwawo, kukhazikika, ndi kukhuthala, zomwe zimawathandiza kugwira ntchito m'malo okhala ndi alkaline komanso machitidwe ovuta.

Mu makampani omanga, ma starch ether amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu makina a dry-mix mortar monga zomatira za matailosi, ufa wa putty wamkati ndi kunja kwa khoma, ma insulation mortars, ndi zipangizo zodziyeretsera zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito gypsum kapena simenti. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo nthawi zambiri kumakhala kochepa kwambiri, nthawi zambiri pakati pa 0.02% ndi 0.1%, koma kumatha kusintha kwambiri magwiridwe antchito. Njira zazikulu zogwirira ntchito ndi izi:

Kusintha kusinthasintha ndi rheology: Ma ether a starch amatupa m'madzi kuti apange yankho lokhuthala. Akagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi zinthu zina zokhuthala (monga hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) ndi hydroxyethyl methylcellulose (MHEC), amatha kukonza phindu la matope ndi thixotropy, kuonetsetsa kuti madzi akuyenda bwino akagwiritsidwa ntchito komanso kuti madziwo asagwedezeke akangoyima.

Kuwongolera kusunga madzi: Mamolekyu a starch osinthidwa amakhala okonda madzi kwambiri, amalowa m'madzi ndikutseka, amachepetsa kuyamwa ndi kutuluka kwa madzi kuchokera pansi, kuonetsetsa kuti simenti kapena gypsum zimalowa bwino, komanso zimalimbitsa mphamvu ndi kumamatira.

Kuletsa kutsetsereka ndi kutuluka magazi: Mu zomatira za matailosi kapena kugwiritsa ntchito moyimirira, ma starch ether amatha kukonza mphamvu za matope zoletsa kutsetsereka. Mu zinthu zodziyimira pawokha kapena zopyapyala, zimatha kuchepetsa kutuluka magazi ndikuwonetsetsa kuti pamwamba pake pali posalala.

Kukweza momwe ntchito yopaka imamvekera: Zimathandiza kuti kukanda ndi kufalitsa kukhale kosalala, kuchepetsa "kumatira kwa mpeni," kupititsa patsogolo kugwira ntchito bwino komanso ubwino wa ntchito yomaliza.

Ma ether a starch nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi ma ether a cellulose (HPMC, HEMC, ndi MHEC) mu mapangidwe. Ma ether a cellulose amapereka mphamvu zosungira madzi ndi kukhuthala, pomwe ma ether a starch amasintha thixotropy ndi kukhazikika kwa matope, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ntchito ikhale yogwirizana. Mwachitsanzo, mu mapangidwe a tile glue, kuchuluka koyenera kwa ether ya starch kumatha kuchepetsa kulimba kwambiri komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha ma ether a cellulose okhala ndi kukhuthala kwakukulu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti matopewo akhale osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito. Mu ufa wa putty, imatha kukonza kusalala ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kufupika ndi kusweka.

Mu ntchito zomanga, starch ethers amapereka ubwino wotsatirawu:

Kusamalira chilengedwe: Zopangidwa ndi starch yachilengedwe ya zomera, zimatha kuwola ndipo sizikhudza kwambiri chilengedwe.

Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino ndalama: Kugwiritsa ntchito pang'ono kumabweretsa kusintha kwakukulu, kuchepetsa kudalira zowonjezera zokwera mtengo.

Kusinthasintha kwa kapangidwe kake: Koyenera kugwiritsa ntchito matope opangidwa ndi simenti, gypsum, ndi mixed-base, komanso kogwirizana ndi zowonjezera zosiyanasiyana.

Zosiyanastarch etherMitundu ndi njira zosinthira zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kusiyana kwa kusungunuka, kukhuthala, kukana kwa alkali, ndi kukhazikika. Chifukwa chake, pakugwiritsa ntchito moyenera, ndikofunikira kusankha mtundu woyenera kutengera njira yopangira, malo omangira, ndi magwiridwe antchito omwe mukufuna, komanso kudziwa mlingo woyenera kudzera mu mayeso. Starch ether ndi chowonjezera cha "mlingo wochepa, zotsatira zazikulu" muzipangizo zomangira. Chimawongolera kwambiri rheology ya matope, kusunga madzi, ndi kugwira ntchito bwino, ndikuwonjezera kwambiri magwiridwe antchito omangira komanso mtundu wa chinthu chomalizidwa. Ndi chowonjezera chofunikira kwambiri m'makina amakono a matope osakaniza ndi madzi.