1. Whakamātotoru kore-waro
Ko te bentonite waro te mea e whakamahia whānuitia ana, ko tōna wāhanga matua ko te montmorillonite. Mā tōna hanganga motuhake lamellar ka taea te whakawhiwhi i te paninga ki te pseudoplasticity kaha, te thixotropy, te pumau whakatārewatanga me te hinuhinu. Ko te kaupapa o te whakamātotoru ko te mimiti i te wai e te paura ka pupuhi hei whakamātotoru i te āhua wai, kia mau tonu ai te wai.
Ko ngā ngoikoretanga: he ngoikore te rere me te mahi whakataurite, he uaua ki te whakamarara me te tāpiri.
2. Heruro
Ko te mea e whakamahia whānuitia ana ko te hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), he tino whai hua ki te whakamātotoru, he pai ngā āhuatanga whakatārewatanga, mararatanga me te pupuri wai, ko te nuinga mō te whakamātotoru i te wāhanga wai.
Ko ngā ngoikoretanga: te pā ki te ātete wai o te paninga, te kore e ranea te mahi ārai-pokepokea, me te ngoikore o te mahi whakataurite.
3. Kiriaku
Ko ngā whakamātotoru kiriaku e wehea ana kia rua ngā momo: ko ngā whakamātotoru pupuhi-kawakawa kiriaku (ASE) me ngā whakamātotoru pupuhi-kawakawa hononga (HASE).
Ko te mātāpono whakamātotoru o te whakamātotoru ka taea te pupuhi te waikawa kiriaku (ASE) he wehewehe i te carboxylate ina whakatikatikaina te pH ki te kawakore, kia toro atu ai te mekameka ngota mai i te porowhita ki te tokotoko mā te pana hiko isotropic i waenga i ngā katote carboxylate, ka whakapai ake i te matotoru o te wāhanga wai. He pai hoki te whai huatanga whakamātotoru o tēnei momo whakamātotoru, he kaha te pseudoplasticity me te pai o te whakatārewatanga.
Ka whakauruhia e te whakamātotoru ā-waikawa-pupuhi ā-kawakawa (HASE) ngā rōpū wai-whakahē i runga i te kaupapa o ngā whakamātotoru ā-waikawa-pupuhi noa (ASE). Waihoki, ina whakatikatikaina te pH ki te kawakore, ka puta te ātete hiko-pūmau i waenga i ngā katote carboxylate. Ka toro atu te mekameka ngota mai i te āhua porowhita ki te āhua tokotoko, ka whakanui ake i te matotoru o te wāhanga wai; ā, ka taea e ngā rōpū wai-whakahē i whakaurua ki te mekameka matua te hono atu ki ngā matūriki rapa hei whakanui ake i te matotoru o te wāhanga whakamomona.
Ko ngā ngoikoretanga: he tairongo ki te pH, he kore e ranea te rere me te whakataurite o te kiriata peita, he ngāwari ki te whakamātotoru i muri.
4. Polyurethane
Ko te whakamātotoru hononga polyurethane (HEUR) he polymer wairewa-wai polyurethane kua whakarerekētia ki te wai, ā, nō roto i te whakamātotoru hononga kore-ionic. E toru ngā wāhanga: te turanga wai, te mekameka wai, me te turanga polyurethane. Ka whānui te turanga polyurethane i roto i te wai peita, ā, ka pumau te mekameka wai i roto i te āhua wai. Ka hono te turanga wai ki ngā hanganga wai pērā i ngā matūriki rapa, ngā matū horoi, me ngā tae, ka hanga he hanganga whatunga toru-ahu, kia tutuki ai te kaupapa o te whakamātotoru.
Ko tōna āhua he mātotoru haere o te wāhanga whakaemulsion, he pai te rere me te mahi whakataurite, he pai te whai huatanga o te whakamātotoru me te pumau o te rokiroki matotoru, ā, kāore he rohe pH; ā, he mārama ngā painga o te ātete wai, te kanapa, te mārama, me ētahi atu.
Ko ngā ngoikoretanga: i roto i te pūnaha matotoru reo me te iti, kāore i te pai te pānga ārai-taunga ki te paura, ā, ka ngāwari te pānga matotoru ki ngā mea whakamarara me ngā whakarewa.
Wā tuku: Hakihea-29-2022