Cellulose, polima organic kachasị baa ụba n'ụwa, bụ akụkụ dị ukwuu nke biomass na ọtụtụ ihe ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe dị iche iche. Nguzozi ya dị egwu na-eweta ihe ịma aka maka mmebi ya nke ọma, dị oke mkpa maka ojiji dịka mmepụta mmanụ ọkụ na njikwa ihe mkpofu. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) apụtala dị ka onye nwere ike ịgbaze cellulose n'ihi ọdịdị ya na-adịghị mma na gburugburu ebe obibi na ihe ndị na-eme ka oxidation dị.
Okwu Mmalite:
Cellulose, polysaccharide nke mejupụtara glucose units jikọtara ya na β-1,4-glycosidic bonds, bụ isi ihe owuwu na mgbidi sel osisi. Oke ya na biomass na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-adọrọ mmasị maka ụlọ ọrụ dị iche iche, gụnyere akwụkwọ na pulp, ákwà, na bioenergy. Agbanyeghị, netwọk njikọ hydrogen siri ike dị n'ime cellulose fibrils na-eme ka ọ ghara ịgbaze na ọtụtụ ihe mgbaze, na-eweta ihe ịma aka maka ojiji ya nke ọma na imegharị ya.
Usoro ọdịnala maka ịgbasa cellulose gụnyere ọnọdụ siri ike, dịka asịd a chịkọtara ma ọ bụ mmiri ionic, nke a na-ejikọkarị ya na nchegbu gburugburu ebe obibi na oke oriri ike. N'ụzọ dị iche, hydrogen peroxide na-enye nhọrọ dị mma n'ihi ọdịdị oxidizing ya dị nro na ikike ya maka nhazi cellulose na-adịghị ize ndụ gburugburu ebe obibi. Akwụkwọ a na-enyocha usoro ndị dị n'okpuru mgbasa cellulose nke hydrogen peroxide na-akwalite ma na-enyocha irè ya na ojiji bara uru.
Usoro nke Mgbaze Cellulose site na Hydrogen Peroxide:
Mgbasa nke cellulose site na hydrogen peroxide gụnyere mmeghachi omume kemịkalụ dị mgbagwoju anya, nke kachasị bụ oxidative cleavage nke glycosidic bonds na mmebi nke intermolecular hydrogen bonding. Usoro a na-aga n'ihu site na usoro ndị a:
Ngụkọta Hydroxyl: Hydrogen peroxide na-emeghachi omume na otu cellulose hydroxyl, na-eduga n'ịmepụta radicals hydroxyl (•OH) site na mmeghachi omume Fenton ma ọ bụ Fenton dị ka ion metal mgbanwe. Radicals ndị a na-awakpo njikọ glycosidic, na-amalite ịkpụcha chain ma na-emepụta obere iberibe cellulose.
Mmebi nke Njikọta Haịdrojiin: Radicals Hydroxyl na-emebikwa netwọk njikọ hydrogen dị n'etiti agbụ cellulose, na-eme ka nhazi zuru oke ghara ịdị irè ma na-eme ka ngwọta dị mfe.
Mmepụta nke Ihe Ndị Na-agbaze: Mmebi oxidative nke cellulose na-eme ka e nwee ihe ndị na-agbaze mmiri, dị ka carboxylic acid, aldehydes, na ketone. Ihe ndị a na-enye aka na usoro mgbaze site n'ịbawanye ike ịgbaze na ibelata viscosity.
Mwepụ na Nkewa: Mmeghachi omume oxidation na nkewa na-eduga na mwepụ nke agbụ cellulose ka ọ bụrụ obere oligomers na n'ikpeazụ gaa na shuga na-agbaze ma ọ bụ ngwaahịa ndị ọzọ dị obere na molekul.
Ihe Ndị Na-emetụta Mgbaze Cellulose Site na Hydrogen Peroxide:
Ihe dị iche iche na-emetụta arụmọrụ nke mgbasa nke cellulose site na iji hydrogen peroxide:
Ntinye nke Hydrogen Peroxide: Oke mkpokọta nke hydrogen peroxide na-ebutekarị mmeghachi omume ngwa ngwa na mmebi nke cellulose sara mbara. Agbanyeghị, oke mkpokọta nwere ike ibute mmeghachi omume na-adịghị mma ma ọ bụ ngwaahịa ndị na-adịghị mma.
pH na Okpomọkụ: pH nke ihe mmeghachi omume na-emetụta mmepụta nke hydroxyl radicals na nkwụsi ike nke ihe ndị sitere na cellulose. A na-ahọrọkarị ọnọdụ acidic dị mma (pH 3-5) iji mee ka cellulose gbaze ngwa ngwa na-enweghị mmebi dị ukwuu. Na mgbakwunye, okpomọkụ na-emetụta mmeghachi omume mmeghachi omume, yana okpomọkụ dị elu na-eme ka usoro ịgbaze dịkwuo ngwa ngwa.
Ọnụnọ nke Ihe Ndị Na-akpali Mmepụta Ihe: ion ígwè mgbanwe, dị ka ígwè ma ọ bụ ọla kọpa, nwere ike ime ka hydrogen peroxide gbawaa ma mee ka mmepụta nke hydroxyl radicals ka mma. Agbanyeghị, a ga-eji nlezianya hazie nhọrọ nke ihe na-akpali akpali na ntinye ya iji belata mmeghachi omume ndị na-adịghị mma ma hụ na ngwaahịa dị mma.
Ọdịdị Cellulose na Crystallinity: Ohere nke agbụ cellulose na hydrogen peroxide na hydroxyl radicals na-adabere na ọdịdị na nhazi kristal nke ihe ahụ. Mpaghara ndị amorphous na-adị mfe imebi karịa mpaghara kristal dị oke elu, na-achọ usoro ọgwụgwọ tupu oge eruo ma ọ bụ mgbanwe iji melite nnweta.
Uru na Ojiji nke Hydrogen Peroxide na Mgbaze Cellulose:
Hydrogen peroxide nwere ọtụtụ uru maka mgbasa nke cellulose ma e jiri ya tụnyere usoro ọdịnala:
Ndakọrịta Gburugburu Ebe Obibi: N'adịghị ka kemịkalụ siri ike dịka sulfuric acid ma ọ bụ ihe mgbaze chlorinated, hydrogen peroxide adịghị njọ ma na-agbaze ka ọ bụrụ mmiri na oxygen n'ọnọdụ dị nro. Àgwà a na-adịghị emebi gburugburu ebe obibi na-eme ka ọ dabara adaba maka nhazi cellulose na-adịgide adịgide na idozi ihe mkpofu.
Ọnọdụ Mmeghachi Omume Dị Nfe: Enwere ike ịgbaze cellulose nke hydrogen peroxide na-eme n'okpuru ọnọdụ okpomọkụ na nrụgide dị nro, na-ebelata oriri ike na ọnụ ahịa ọrụ ma e jiri ya tụnyere hydrolysis acid dị elu ma ọ bụ ọgwụgwọ mmiri ionic.
Ngwuputa Oxidation nke Nhọrọ: Enwere ike ijikwa nkewa oxidative nke njikọ glycosidic site na hydrogen peroxide ruo n'ókè ụfọdụ, na-enye ohere maka mgbanwe nhọrọ nke agbụ cellulose na mmepụta nke ihe ndị e ji aka hazie nwere ihe pụrụ iche.
Ngwa Dị Iche Iche: Ihe ndị sitere na cellulose na-agbaze agbaze nke sitere na mkpofu hydrogen peroxide nwere ike itinye n'ọrụ n'ọtụtụ ọrụ, gụnyere mmepụta mmanụ biofuel, ihe ndị bara uru, ngwaọrụ biomedical, na ọgwụgwọ mmiri mkpofu.
Ihe ịma aka na ntụziaka maka ọdịnihu:
N'agbanyeghị uru ya dị mma, mgbasa nke cellulose nke hydrogen peroxide na-eweta nwere ọtụtụ ihe ịma aka na ebe dị mkpa ka emezie:
Nhọrọ na Mmepụta: Inweta mkpụrụ dị elu nke ihe ndị sitere na cellulose na-agbaze na obere mmeghachi omume n'akụkụ ka bụ ihe ịma aka, ọkachasị maka ihe ndị dị mgbagwoju anya nke biomass nwere lignin na hemicellulose.
Nhazi na Nhazi Usoro: Ịkwalite usoro mkpofu cellulose nke sitere na hydrogen peroxide ruo n'ọkwa ụlọ ọrụ chọrọ nlebara anya nke ọma na nhazi reactor, mgbake ihe mgbaze, na usoro nhazi ala iji hụ na akụ na ụba na-aga n'ihu na nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi.
Mmepe Ihe Mmepụta Ihe: Nhazi nke ihe mkpali dị irè maka ime ka hydrogen peroxide rụọ ọrụ na oxidation cellulose dị mkpa maka ime ka ọnụego mmeghachi omume na nhọrọ dịkwuo mma ma belata ibu ihe mkpali na mmepụta ngwaahịa.
Nhazi nke Ngwaahịa Ndị Sitere: Atụmatụ maka ịtụle ngwaahịa ndị sitere na hydrogen peroxide n'oge mgbasa cellulose, dị ka carboxylic acid ma ọ bụ shuga oligomeric, nwere ike ime ka usoro ahụ dịkwuo mma ma nwee ike ịba uru na akụ na ụba.
Hydrogen peroxide nwere nkwa dị mkpa dị ka ihe mgbaze akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na nke dị iche iche maka mgbasa cellulose, na-enye uru dị ka ndakọrịta gburugburu ebe obibi, ọnọdụ mmeghachi omume dị nro, na oxidation nhọrọ. N'agbanyeghị ihe ịma aka ndị na-aga n'ihu, mgbalị nyocha na-aga n'ihu iji kọwaa usoro ndị dị n'okpuru, ime ka paramita mmeghachi omume ka mma, na inyocha ngwa ọhụrụ ga-eme ka usoro dabere na hydrogen peroxide maka valorization cellulose dịkwuo mma ma na-adịgide adịgide.
Oge ozi: Eprel-10-2024