I-Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) iyi-polymer encibilika emanzini etholakala ku-cellulose, okuyi-polymer yezinto eziphilayo egcwele kakhulu eMhlabeni. I-CMC ikhiqizwa ukuguqulwa kwamakhemikhali e-cellulose, ngokuvamile kusuka ku-pulp yokhuni noma kuma-linter kakotini. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ezihlukile, okuhlanganisa ikhono layo lokwenza izixazululo namajeli e-viscous, amandla ayo okubopha amanzi, kanye nokubola kwayo kwemvelo.
Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali Nokukhiqiza
Isakhiwo samakhemikhali se-CMC siqukethe ama-cellulose backbones anamaqembu e-carboxymethyl (-CH2-COOH) axhunywe kwamanye amaqembu e-hydroxyl (-OH) kuma-glucose monomers. Le nqubo yokufaka esikhundleni ihlanganisa ukwelapha i-cellulose nge-chloroacetic acid endaweni ye-alkaline, okuholela ekwakhekeni kwe-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. I-Degree of substitution (DS) ibhekisela enanini eliyisilinganiso lamaqembu e-hydroxyl ngeyunithi ngayinye ye-glucose ethathelwe indawo ngamaqembu e-carboxymethyl, i-DS ka-0.4 kuya ku-1.4 ivamile ezisetshenziswa eziningi.
Inqubo yokukhiqiza ye-CMC ibandakanya izinyathelo ezimbalwa:
I-Alkalization: I-Cellulose iphathwa ngesisekelo esiqinile, ngokuvamile i-sodium hydroxide, ukwenza i-alkali cellulose.
I-Etherification: I-alkali cellulose bese isabela nge-chloroacetic acid, okuholela ekushintsheni kwamaqembu e-hydroxyl ngamaqembu e-carboxymethyl.
Ukuhlanzwa: I-CMC engahluziwe iyagezwa futhi ihlanzwe ukuze kukhishwe imikhiqizo engabaselwe kanye nama-reagents amaningi.
Ukomisa Nokugaya: I-CMC ehlanziwe yomiswa futhi igaywe ukuze kutholwe usayizi wezinhlayiyana oyifunayo.
Izakhiwo
I-CMC yaziwa ngezakhiwo zayo ezihlukile, eziyenza ibe wusizo ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene:
Ukunyibilika Kwamanzi: I-CMC incibilika kalula emanzini, yakha izixazululo ezicacile, ezibukekayo.
I-Viscosity Modulation: I-viscosity yezixazululo ze-CMC ingalungiswa ngokushintsha ukugxila kanye nesisindo samangqamuzana, ikwenze kube usizo ekuqiniseni nasekuqiniseni.
Ukwakhiwa Kwefilimu: Ingenza amafilimu aqinile, aguquguqukayo lapho omisiwe esisombululo.
Izakhiwo Ezinamathelayo: I-CMC ikhombisa izici ezinhle zokunamathela, ezinenzuzo ezinhlelweni ezifana nokunamathiswa nokunamathiswa.
I-Biodegradability: Njengoba ithathwe ku-cellulose yemvelo, i-CMC iyakwazi ukubola, okuyenza ivumelane nemvelo.
Imboni Yokudla
I-CMC isetshenziswa kabanzi njengesengezo sokudla (E466) ngenxa yekhono layo lokuguqula i-viscosity kanye nokusimamisa ama-emulsions emikhiqizweni ehlukahlukene yokudla. Isebenza njenge-thickener, stabilizer, kanye ne-emulsifier emikhiqizweni efana no-ayisikhilimu, imikhiqizo yobisi, izinto zokubhaka, kanye nezingubo zesaladi. Isibonelo, ku-ayisikhilimu, i-CMC isiza ukuvimbela ukwakheka kwamakristalu eqhwa, okuholela ekuthungeni okushelelayo.
Ezemithi Nezimonyo
Embonini yezemithi, i-CMC isetshenziswa njengesihlanganisi kumaphilisi, i-disintegrant, kanye nesithuthukisi se-viscosity ekumisweni kanye nama-emulsions. Isebenza futhi njengesizinzisi kumaloshini, okhilimu, namajeli embonini yezimonyo. Imvelo yayo engenabuthi futhi engacasuli iyenza ifanelekele ukusetshenziswa kule mikhiqizo.
Iphepha kanye Nezindwangu
I-CMC iqashwe embonini yamaphepha njenge-ejenti yokulinganisa ukuze kuthuthukiswe amandla nokuphrinta kwephepha. Ezindwangu, isetshenziswa njenge-ejenti eqinisayo ezinqubweni zokudaya futhi njengengxenye yokunamathisela okuphrinta kwendwangu, ithuthukisa ukufana kanye nekhwalithi yokuphrinta.
Izihlanzi kanye nama-ejenti okuhlanza
Ezihlahleni zokuhlanza, i-CMC isebenza njenge-ejenti yokumisa inhlabathi, evimbela ukungcola ekufakweni kabusha ezindwangu ngesikhathi sokugeza. Iphinde ithuthukise ukusebenza kwezihlanzi eziwuketshezi ngokuthuthukisa i-viscosity yazo nokuzinza.
Ukumba Kawoyela Nokumbiwa Kwezimayini
I-CMC isetshenziswa oketshezini lokumba uwoyela ukulawula i-viscosity nanjenge-rheology modifier ukuze kugcinwe ukuzinza kodaka lokumba, ukuvimbela ukubhidlika kwemigodi nokwenza kube lula ukususwa kwezisikiwe. Emayini, isetshenziswa njenge-ejenti ye-flotation kanye ne-flocculant.
Ezokwakha kanye Nezobumba
Embonini yezokwakha, i-CMC isetshenziswa ekwenzeni usimende nodaka ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukugcinwa kwamanzi nokusebenza. Ku-ceramics, isebenza njenge-binder kanye ne-plasticizer kuma-paste e-ceramic, ithuthukisa izakhiwo zayo zokubumba nokomisa.
Ukucatshangelwa Kwemvelo Nokuphepha
I-CMC ngokuvamile ithathwa njengephephile (GRAS) yiziphathimandla ezilawulayo ezifana ne-FDA. Ayinabuthi, ayina-allergenic, futhi iyabola, okwenza ivumelane nemvelo. Kodwa-ke, inqubo yokukhiqiza ibandakanya amakhemikhali okufanele aphathwe ngokucophelela ukuze avimbele ukungcoliswa kwemvelo. Ukulahlwa nokuphathwa kahle kwemfucuza kubalulekile ukuze kuncishiswe umthelela endaweni.
Amasu amasha nezikhombisi-ndlela zesikhathi esizayo
Intuthuko yakamuva emkhakheni we-CMC ibandakanya ukuthuthukiswa kwe-CMC eguquliwe enezakhiwo ezithuthukisiwe zezinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile. Isibonelo, i-CMC enesisindo se-molecular ehambisanayo kanye nezinga lokushintsha inganikeza ukusebenza okuthuthukisiwe kumasistimu okulethwa kwezidakamizwa noma njengezinto zokupakisha ezisekelwe ku-bio. Ukwengeza, ucwaningo oluqhubekayo luhlola ukusetshenziswa kwe-CMC ezindaweni ezintsha ezinjengobunjiniyela bezicubu kanye ne-bioprinting, lapho amakhono ayo okusebenzisana kwe-biocompatibility nawokwenza ijeli angaba yinzuzo enkulu.
I-Carboxymethyl cellulose iyinto eguquguqukayo futhi ewusizo enohlu olubanzi lwezinhlelo zokusebenza kuzo zonke izimboni ezahlukahlukene. Izakhiwo zayo eziyingqayizivele, ezihlanganisa ukuncibilika kwamanzi, i-viscosity modulation, kanye nokubola kwe-biodegradability, kuyenza ibe isithako esibalulekile emikhiqizweni eminingi. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo ekukhiqizeni nasekulungiseni kwayo, i-CMC isilungele ukudlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu kuyo yomibili imikhakha yendabuko kanye nesafufusa, inikele ekuqhubekeleni phambili kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nemizamo yokusimama.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-06-2024