Yiziphi izici ze-carboxymethyl cellulose?

Yiziphi izici ze-carboxymethyl cellulose?

Impendulo:I-Carboxymethyl cellulosefuthi inezakhiwo ezahlukene ngenxa yamazinga ayo ahlukene okushintsha. Izinga lokushintsha, elaziwa nangokuthi idigri ye-etherification, lisho inani eliyisilinganiso lika-H emaqenjini amathathu e-OH hydroxyl athathelwe indawo yi-CH2COONA. Lapho amaqembu amathathu e-hydroxyl eringini esekwe ku-cellulose eno-0.4 H eqenjini le-hydroxyl esikhundleni se-carboxymethyl, ingancibilika emanzini. Ngalesi sikhathi, ibizwa nge-0.4 substitution degree noma i-medium substitution degree (i-substitution degree 0.4-1.2) .

Izici ze-carboxymethyl cellulose:

(1) Kuyimpushana emhlophe (noma okusanhlamvu okumahhadla, okusanhlamvu), akunambitheki, akunangozi, kuncibilika kalula emanzini, futhi kwenza isimo esinamathelayo esikhanyelayo, futhi isixazululo asithathi hlangothi noma sine-alkaline kancane. Inamandla okuhlakazeka okuhle namandla okubopha.

(2) Isixazululo saso esinamanzi singasetshenziswa njenge-emulsifier yohlobo lwamafutha/amanzi kanye nohlobo lwamanzi/amafutha. Iphinde ibe namandla emulsifying amafutha kanye wax, futhi emulsifier eqinile.

(3) Lapho ikhambi lihlangabezana nosawoti wensimbi esindayo njenge-lead acetate, i-ferric chloride, i-nitrate esiliva, i-stannous chloride, ne-potassium dichromate, imvula ingase ibe khona. Kodwa-ke, ngaphandle kwe-acetate yomthofu, isengaphinde incibilike kusixazululo se-sodium hydroxide, futhi amanzi afana ne-barium, insimbi ne-aluminium ancibilika kalula kusixazululo esingu-1% se-ammonium hydroxide.

(4) Uma isixazululo sihlangana ne-asidi ephilayo ne-asidi engaphili, imvula ingenzeka. Ngokombono, lapho inani le-pH lingu-2.5, i-turbidity nemvula sekuqalile. Ngakho-ke i-pH 2.5 ingabhekwa njengephuzu elibalulekile.

(5) Kosawoti ofana ne-calcium, i-magnesium nosawoti wetafula, ngeke kube khona imvula, kodwa i-viscosity kufanele yehliswe, njengokwengeza i-EDTA noma i-phosphate nezinye izinto ukuze kuvinjwe.

(6) Izinga lokushisa linethonya elikhulu ku-viscosity yesisombululo sayo esinamanzi. I-viscosity iyancipha ngokuhambisanayo lapho izinga lokushisa likhuphuka, futhi ngokuphambene nalokho. Ukuzinza kwe-viscosity yesisombululo se-aqueous ekamelweni lokushisa kuhlala kungashintshi, kodwa i-viscosity ingancipha kancane kancane uma ishisa ngaphezu kuka-80 ° C isikhathi eside. Ngokuvamile, lapho izinga lokushisa lingadluli ku-110 ° C, ngisho noma izinga lokushisa ligcinwa amahora angu-3, ​​bese lipholile libe ngu-25 ° C, i-viscosity isabuyela esimweni sayo sokuqala; kodwa lapho izinga lokushisa lishiselwa ku-120 ° C amahora angu-2, nakuba izinga lokushisa libuyiselwa, i-viscosity yehla ngo-18.9%. .

(7) Inani le-pH lizoba nomthelela othile ku-viscosity yesisombululo sayo esinamanzi. Ngokuvamile, lapho i-pH yesisombululo se-low-viscosity isuka ekungathathi hlangothi, i-viscosity yayo inomthelela omncane, kuyilapho isixazululo se-medium-viscosity, uma i-pH yayo ichezuka ekungathathi hlangothi, i-viscosity iqala ukwehla kancane kancane; uma i-pH yesisombululo se-viscosity ephezulu isuka ekungathathi hlangothi, i-viscosity yayo izokwehla. Ukwehla okubukhali.

(8) Ihambisana namanye ama-glues ancibilika emanzini, izinto ezithambisayo nama-resin. Isibonelo, ihambisana neglue yezilwane, i-gum arabic, i-glycerin nesitashi esincibilikayo. Ibuye ihambisane nengilazi yamanzi, i-polyvinyl alcohol, i-urea-formaldehyde resin, i-melamine-formaldehyde resin, njll, kodwa ngezinga elincane.

(9) Ifilimu eyenziwe ngokukhipha imisebe ye-ultraviolet amahora angu-100 namanje ayikaguquki noma ibe brittleness.

(10) Kukhona amabanga amathathu we-viscosity ongakhetha kuwo ngokuya ngesicelo. Nge-gypsum, sebenzisa i-viscosity ephakathi (2% isisombululo se-aqueous ku-300-600mPa·s), uma ukhetha i-viscosity ephezulu (isixazululo esingu-1% ku-2000mPa·s noma ngaphezulu), ungasisebenzisa esikalini kufanele sehliswe ngokufanelekile.

(11) Isixazululo saso esinamanzi sisebenza njenge-retarder ku-gypsum.

(12) Amagciwane kanye nama-microorganisms awanawo umthelela osobala efomini layo lempushana, kodwa anomthelela esixazululweni sawo esinamanzi. Ngemuva kokungcola, i-viscosity izokwehla futhi kuzovela isikhutha. Ukwengeza inani elifanele lokulondolozwa kusengaphambili kungagcina i-viscosity yayo futhi kuvimbele isikhutha isikhathi eside. Izivimbelakuvunda ezitholakalayo yilezi: I-BIT (1.2-benzisothiazolin-3-one), i-racebendazim, i-thiram, i-chlorothalonil, njll. Inani lokwengezwa kwereferensi kusixazululo esimanzi ngu-0.05% ukuya ku-0.1%.

Isebenza kangakanani i-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose njenge-ejenti egcina amanzi ye-anhydrite binder?

Impendulo: I-Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose iyi-ejenti yokugcina amanzi esebenza kahle kakhulu ye-gypsum cementitious materials. Ngokukhuphuka kokuqukethwe kwe-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose. Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-gypsum cemented material kukhula ngokushesha. Uma ingekho i-ejenti yokugcina amanzi eyengezwe, izinga lokugcinwa kwamanzi lezinto ezisimende ze-gypsum cishe lingama-68%. Uma inani le-ejenti egcina amanzi lingu-0.15%, izinga lokugcinwa kwamanzi le-gypsum cemented material lingafinyelela ku-90.5%. Nezidingo zokugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-plaster engezansi. Umthamo we-ejenti egcina amanzi udlula u-0.2%, ukhulise umthamo, futhi izinga lokugcinwa kwamanzi le-gypsum cementitious material likhuphuka kancane. Ukulungiswa kwe-anhydrite plastering materials. Umthamo ofanelekile we-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ngu-0.1% -0.15%.

Iyini imiphumela ehlukene ye-cellulose ehlukile ku-plaster waseParis?

Impendulo: Kokubili i-carboxymethyl cellulose kanye ne-methyl cellulose ingasetshenziswa njengama-ejenti agcina amanzi ku-plaster of paris, kodwa umphumela wokugcina amanzi we-carboxymethyl cellulose uphansi kakhulu kunalowo we-methyl cellulose, futhi i-carboxymethyl cellulose iqukethe usawoti we-sodium, ngakho ifanele i-Plaster yaseParis inomphumela wokuhlehlisa futhi inciphisa amandla e-plaster.I-Methyl celluloseiyinhlanganisela efanelekile yezinto zikasimende ze-gypsum ezihlanganisa ukugcinwa kwamanzi, ukujiya, ukuqiniswa, kanye ne-viscosifying, ngaphandle kokuthi ezinye izinhlobo ziba nomthelela wokuhlehlisa lapho umthamo mkhulu. iphezulu kune-carboxymethyl cellulose. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, izinto eziningi ze-gypsum composite gelling zisebenzisa indlela yokuhlanganisa i-carboxymethyl cellulose ne-methyl cellulose, ezingagcini nje ngokubonisa izici zazo (njengomphumela wokubambezela we-carboxymethyl cellulose, umphumela wokuqiniswa kwe-methyl cellulose), futhi zisebenzisa izinzuzo zazo ezivamile (njengokugcina kwawo amanzi kanye nokujiya). Ngale ndlela, kokubili ukusebenza kokugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-gypsum cementitious material kanye nokusebenza okuphelele kwe-gypsum cementitious material kungathuthukiswa, kuyilapho ukukhuphuka kwezindleko kugcinwa endaweni ephansi kakhulu.