Yiziphi izinto zokusetshenziswa eziyinhloko ze-cellulose?

I-Cellulose, enye yezinhlanganisela ezitholakala ngobuningi kakhulu eMhlabeni, isebenza njengengxenye eyinhloko yesakhiwo ezindongeni zamangqamuzana ezitshalo. Le polysaccharide eyinkimbinkimbi yakhiwe amayunithi aphindaphindayo ama-molecule eglucose ahlanganiswe ndawonye, ​​akhe amaketanga amade. Izinto zokusetshenziswa eziyinhloko zokukhiqizwa kwe-cellulose zivela emithonjeni yezitshalo, ngokuyinhloko i-pulp yezinkuni, ukotini, nezinhlobo ezahlukene zezinsalela zezolimo.

I-Wood Pulp:
I-Wood pulp iyimpahla esetshenziswa kakhulu yokukhiqiza i-cellulose, ebalwa ingxenye enkulu yokukhiqizwa kwe-cellulose emhlabeni jikelele. Itholakala emiculweni yokhuni, etholakala kakhulu ezihlahleni ezithambile neziqinile. Izihlahla ze-Softwood ezifana nephayini, i-spruce, ne-fir zithandwa ngenxa yezintambo zazo ezinde kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-cellulose ephezulu, okuzenza zilungele ukukhiqizwa kwe-pulp. Izihlahla zokhuni oluqinile ezifana ne-birch, i-eucalyptus, ne-oki nazo ziyasetshenziswa, nakuba kunezindlela ezihluke kancane zokucubungula ngenxa yemicu yazo emifushane nokuhlukahluka kwamakhemikhali.

I-wood pulp ikhishwa ngochungechunge lwezinqubo zemishini namakhemikhali. Okokuqala, ama-apula ahlanzwa futhi anqunywe zibe izingcezu ezincane. Lawa ma-chips abe esengaphansi kokugaya imishini noma ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali ukuze ahlukanise imicu ye-cellulose kwezinye izakhi ezifana ne-lignin ne-hemicellulose. I-pulp ewumphumela ibe-ke igezwa, ifakwe i-bleach, futhi icwengisiswe ukuze kutholwe ikhwalithi ye-cellulose efiselekayo yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene.

Ukotini:
Ukotini, umcu wemvelo otholakala ezitshalweni zezitshalo zikakotini, ungomunye umthombo obalulekile we-cellulose. Ikakhulukazi yakhiwe cishe nge-cellulose emsulwa, enokuqukethwe kwe-lignin ne-hemicellulose encane kakhulu. I-cotton cellulose idume ngokuhlanzeka okukhulu namandla, okuyenza ibaluleke kakhulu ekukhiqizeni imikhiqizo ye-cellulose yekhwalithi ephezulu njengezindwangu, iphepha, nokuphuma kwe-cellulose.

Inqubo yokukhipha i-cellulose kukotini ihilela ukuhlukanisa imicu embewu kakotini nokunye ukungcola ngochungechunge lwezinqubo zokugawula, ukuhlanza, kanye nokufaka amakhadi. Imicu kakotini ewumphumela ibe isicutshungulwa ngokuqhubekayo ukuze kukhishwe noma yikuphi ukungcola okusele futhi kucwengisiswe i-cellulose ukuze kusetshenziswe izinto ezithile.

Izinsalela Zezolimo:
Izinsalela zezolimo ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise notshani, i-bagasse, izitofu zommbila, amakhoba elayisi nezigaxa zikamoba, zisebenza njengenye imithombo ye-cellulose. Lezi zinsalela ziyimikhiqizo yezinqubo zezolimo futhi ngokuvamile zihlanganisa i-cellulose, i-hemicellulose, i-lignin, nezinye izinhlanganisela eziphilayo. Ukusebenzisa izinsalela zezolimo ekukhiqizeni i-cellulose kunikeza izinzuzo zemvelo ngokunciphisa imfucuza kanye nokusebenzisa izinsiza ezivuselelekayo.

Ukukhishwa kwe-cellulose ezinsalela zezolimo kuhilela izinqubo ezifanayo nokukhiqizwa kwe-pulp yezinkuni, okuhlanganisa ukunciphisa usayizi, ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali, nokucwengwa. Kodwa-ke, ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kanye nokwakheka kwezinsalela zezolimo kungase kuhluke okhunini, okudinga ukulungiswa ekucubunguleni amapharamitha ukuze kwandiswe isivuno nekhwalithi ye-cellulose.

Ulwelwe:
Nakuba ingasetshenziswa kabanzi njenge-pulp yokhuni, ukotini, noma izinsalela zezolimo, izinhlobo ezithile zolwelwe ziqukethe i-cellulose futhi ziye zahlolwa njengemithombo engaba khona yokukhiqizwa kwe-cellulose. I-algal cellulose inikeza izinzuzo ezifana namazinga okukhula okusheshayo, okuqukethwe kwe-cellulose ephezulu, kanye nezidingo ezincane zomhlaba namanzi uma kuqhathaniswa nezitshalo zasemhlabeni.

Ukukhipha i-cellulose ku-algae ngokuvamile kuhilela ukubhidliza izindonga zeseli ukuze kukhululwe imicu ye-cellulose, okulandelwa ukuhlanzwa nokucubungula ukuze kutholwe impahla ye-cellulose esebenzisekayo. Ucwaningo mayelana nokukhiqizwa kwe-cellulose okusekelwe ku-algae luyaqhubeka, kuhloswe ukuthuthukisa izindlela ezisimeme nezinomnotho zokukhiqiza okukhulu.

izinto zokusetshenziswa main ofi-cellulosezihlanganisa ukhuni, ukotini, izinsalela zezolimo, futhi, ngokwezinga elincane, izinhlobo ezithile zolwelwe. Lezi zinto zokusetshenziswa zingena ezinyathelweni ezihlukene zokucubungula ukuze kukhishwe futhi kucwengisiswe i-cellulose, esebenza njengengxenye eguquguqukayo nebalulekile ezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo zezimboni nezohwebo, okuhlanganisa ukwenza iphepha, izindwangu, imithi, imikhiqizo yokudla, kanye nama-biofuels. Ukuthola izinto ezisimeme kanye nobuchwepheshe bokucubungula obusha buyaqhubeka nokuqhubekisela phambili intuthuko ekukhiqizweni kwe-cellulose, kukhuphula ukusebenza kahle, ukunciphisa umthelela kwezemvelo, nokwandisa ukusetshenziswa okungenzeka kwalo mthombo wemvelo obalulekile.