IHydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC)i-synthetic cellulose derivative kanye ne-semi-synthetic polymer compound. Isetshenziswa kabanzi ezimbonini eziningi ezifana nezokwakha, imithi, ukudla, izimonyo nezingubo. Njenge-non-ionic cellulose ether, i-HPMC inokuncibilika okuhle kwamanzi, izakhiwo zefilimu, ukunamathela kanye ne-emulsification, ngakho-ke inenani elibalulekile lesicelo emikhakheni eminingi.
1. Isakhiwo samakhemikhali kanye nezakhiwo ze-HPMC
Isakhiwo samangqamuzana e-HPMC sithathwe ku-cellulose yemvelo. Ngemuva kokuguqulwa kwamakhemikhali, amaqembu e-methyl (-OCH₃) kanye ne-hydroxypropyl (-OCH₂CH₂OH) angeniswa ochungechungeni lwe-cellulose. Isakhiwo samakhemikhali esiyisisekelo simi kanje:
Ama-molecule e-cellulose akhiwa amayunithi e-glucose axhunywe ngamabhondi e-β-1,4-glycosidic;
Amaqembu e-methyl kanye ne-hydroxypropyl angeniswa ochungechungeni lwe-cellulose ngokusabela okuhlukile.
Lesi sakhiwo samakhemikhali sinikeza i-HPMC izici ezilandelayo:
Ukunyibilika kwamanzi: Ngokulawula izinga lokushintshwa kwamaqembu e-methyl kanye ne-hydroxypropyl, i-HPMC ingalungisa ukunyibilika kwayo emanzini. Ngokuvamile, i-HPMC ingenza isixazululo se-viscous emanzini abandayo futhi inokuncibilika okuhle kwamanzi.
Ukulungiswa kwe-viscosity: I-viscosity ye-HPMC ingalawulwa ngokunembile ngokulungisa isisindo samangqamuzana kanye nezinga lokushintsha ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezihlukene zohlelo lokusebenza.
Ukumelana nokushisa: Njengoba i-HPMC iyimpahla ye-polymer ye-thermoplastic, ukumelana kwayo nokushisa kuhle uma kuqhathaniswa futhi ingagcina ukusebenza okuzinzile ngaphakathi kwebanga elithile lokushisa.
I-Biocompatibility: I-HPMC iyinto engenabuthi futhi engacasuli, ngakho ithandwa kakhulu emkhakheni wezokwelapha.
2. Indlela yokulungiselela ye-HPMC
Indlela yokulungiselela ye-HPMC igcwaliswa ikakhulukazi ukusabela kwe-esterification ye-cellulose. Izinyathelo eziqondile zimi kanje:
Ukuncibilika kwe-cellulose: Okokuqala, hlanganisa i-cellulose yemvelo ne-solvent (efana ne-chloroform, i-alcohol solvent, njll.) ukuze uyincibilikise ibe yisisombululo se-cellulose.
Ukuguqulwa kwamakhemikhali: I-Methyl kanye ne-hydroxypropyl chemical reagents (njenge-chloromethyl compounds kanye ne-alyl alcohol) yengezwa ekhambisweni ukuze kubangele ukusabela esikhundleni.
I-neutralization nokomisa: Inani le-pH lilungiswa ngokungeza i-asidi noma i-alkali, futhi ukuhlukaniswa, ukuhlanzwa nokomiswa kwenziwa ngemva kokusabela ukuze ekugcineni kutholwe i-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose.
3. Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisemqoka ze-HPMC
Izakhiwo eziyingqayizivele ze-HPMC ziyenza isetshenziswe kabanzi emikhakheni eminingi. Okulandelayo ezinye zezindawo eziyinhloko zokufaka isicelo:
(1) Inkambu yokwakha: I-HPMC isetshenziswa kakhulu embonini yezokwakha, ikakhulukazi ezintweni zokwakha ezifana usimende, udaka, kanye nama-coatings. Ingathuthukisa i-fluidity, ukunamathela kanye nokugcinwa kwamanzi kwengxube. Ikakhulukazi odakeni olomile, i-HPMC ingathuthukisa ukusebenza kokwakhiwa, ikhulise ukunamathela kodaka, futhi igweme ukuqhekeka kodaka lukasimende phakathi nenqubo yokuqina.
(2) Inkundla yezemithi: Emkhakheni wemithi, i-HPMC ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukulungisa amaphilisi, amaphilisi kanye nezidakamizwa eziwuketshezi. Njenge-ejenti eyenza ifilimu, i-thickener kanye ne-stabilizer, ingathuthukisa ukunyibilika kanye ne-bioavailability yezidakamizwa. Kumaphilisi, i-HPMC ayikwazi nje ukulawula izinga lokukhululwa kwezidakamizwa, kodwa futhi ithuthukise ukuzinza kwezidakamizwa.
(3) Inkambu yokudla: I-HPMC ingasetshenziswa ekucubunguleni ukudla njenge-thickener, emulsifier and stabilizer. Isibonelo, ekudleni okunamafutha aphansi nokudla okungenawo amafutha, i-HPMC inganikeza ukunambitheka okungcono nokuthungwa futhi ikhulise ukuzinza komkhiqizo. Ibuye isetshenziswe kabanzi ekudleni okufriziwe ukuvimbela ukuhlukaniswa kwamanzi noma ukwakheka kwekristalu yeqhwa.
(4) Izimonyo: Ezimonyoni, i-HPMC ivamise ukusetshenziswa njenge-thickener, emulsifier and moisturizer. Ingathuthukisa ukuthungwa kwezimonyo, izenze zibe lula ukuzisebenzisa futhi zimunce. Ikakhulukazi kumakhilimu esikhumba, ama-shampoos, imaski yobuso neminye imikhiqizo, ukusetshenziswa kwe-HPMC kungathuthukisa umuzwa nokuzinza komkhiqizo.
(5) Izingubo zokugqoka nopende: Embonini yokumboza nopende, i-HPMC, njenge-thickener ne-emulsifier, ingalungisa i-rheology yokugqoka, okwenza ukumboza kufane futhi kube bushelelezi. Kungase futhi kuthuthukise ukumelana kwamanzi kanye nezindawo zokulwa nokungcola kwe-coating, futhi kwandise ubulukhuni nokunamathela kokugqoka.
4. Amathemba emakethe kanye nentuthuko ye-HPMC
Njengoba abantu benaka kakhulu ukuvikelwa kwemvelo kanye nempilo, i-HPMC, njengento ye-polymer eluhlaza nengenabuthi, inamathemba abanzi. Ikakhulukazi ezimbonini zemithi, zokudla nezimonyo, ukusetshenziswa kwe-HPMC kuzonwetshwa. Ngokuzayo, inqubo yokukhiqiza ye-HPMC kungenzeka ithuthukiswe ngokwengeziwe, futhi ukwanda komkhiqizo kanye nokwehliswa kwezindleko kuzothuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kwayo ezimbonini eziningi.
Ngokuthuthukiswa kwezinto ezihlakaniphile nobuchwepheshe bokukhishwa okulawulwayo, ukusetshenziswa kwe-HPMC ezinhlelweni zokulethwa kwezidakamizwa ezihlakaniphile nakho kuzoba indawo yocwaningo. Isibonelo, i-HPMC ingasetshenziselwa ukulungisa abathwali bezidakamizwa ngomsebenzi wokukhishwa olawulwayo ukuze kunwetshwe ubude besikhathi somphumela wezidakamizwa futhi kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle.
I-Hydroxypropyl methylcelluloseiyimpahla ye-polymer esebenza kahle kakhulu kanye nesicelo esibanzi. Ngokuncibilika kwamanzi okuhle kakhulu, ikhono lokulungisa i-viscosity kanye nokuvumelana okuhle kwe-biocompatibility, i-HPMC inezinhlelo zokusebenza ezibalulekile emikhakheni eminingi njengokwakha, imithi, ukudla, izimonyo, njll. Ngokuthuthuka kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe, inqubo yokukhiqiza kanye nezinkambu zokufaka isicelo ze-HPMC zingase ziqhubeke zanda, futhi amathemba okuthuthukiswa kwesikhathi esizayo abanzi kakhulu.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-11-2025