Isimo se-Industry chain:
(1) Imboni ekhuphuka nomfula
Izinto zokusetshenziswa eziyinhloko ezidingekayo ekukhiqizenii-cellulose etherzihlanganisa ukotini ocwengekile (noma ukhuni lwezinkuni) nezinye izincibilikisi zamakhemikhali ezivamile, njenge-propylene oxide, i-methyl chloride, i-liquid caustic soda, i-caustic soda, i-ethylene oxide, i-toluene nezinye izinto ezisizayo. Amabhizinisi emboni ekhuphuka nomfula ale mboni ahlanganisa ukotini ocolisisiwe, amabhizinisi okukhiqiza ama-pulp okhuni kanye namabhizinisi athile amakhemikhali. Ukushintshashintsha kwentengo yezinto zokusetshenziswa eziyinhloko ezishiwo ngenhla kuzoba namazinga ahlukahlukene omthelela ezindlekweni zokukhiqiza kanye nenani lokuthengisa le-cellulose ether.
Izindleko zikakotini ocolisisiwe ziphakeme kakhulu. Uma sithatha i-ether ye-cellulose yezinga lezinto zokwakha njengesibonelo, phakathi nesikhathi sokubika, izindleko zikakotini ocolisisiwe zibalelwa ku-31.74%, 28.50%, 26.59% kanye no-26.90% wezindleko zokuthengisa zezinto zokwakha ze-cellulose ether. Ukushintshashintsha kwentengo kakotini ocolisisiwe kuzothinta izindleko zokukhiqizwa kwe-cellulose ether. Impahla eluhlaza eyinhloko yokukhiqiza ukotini ocolile ama-cotton linters. Ama-linter kakotini angeminye yemikhiqizo ekhiqizwayo enqubweni yokukhiqiza ukotini, esetshenziswa kakhulu ukukhiqiza i-pulp kakotini, ukotini ocolisisiwe, i-nitrocellulose neminye imikhiqizo. Inani lokusetshenziswa nokusetshenziswa kwama-linters kakotini kuhluke kakhulu, futhi intengo yayo ngokusobala iphansi kunaleyo kakotini, kodwa inokuhlobana okuthile nokuguquguquka kwentengo kakotini. Ukushintshashintsha kwentengo yemalitha kakotini kuthinta intengo kakotini ocolisisiwe.
Ukushintshashintsha okubukhali kwenani likakotini ocolisisiwe kuzoba namazinga ahlukene omthelela ekulawuleni izindleko zokukhiqiza, intengo yomkhiqizo kanye nenzuzo yamabhizinisi kulo mkhakha. Lapho intengo kakotini ocolisisiwe iphezulu futhi intengo ye-pulp yokhuni ishibhile, ukuze kuncishiswe izindleko, i-pulp yokhuni ingasetshenziswa njengengxenye kanye nesengezo sikakotini ocolisisiwe, ikakhulukazi asetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza ama-cellulose ethers ane-viscosity ephansi njenge-ethers ye-cellulose yezemithi nokudla. Ngokwemininingwane evela kusizindalwazi seNational Bureau of Statistics, ngo-2013, indawo yokutshala ukotini ezweni lami yayingamahektha ayizigidi ezingu-4.35, kanti ukukhiqizwa kukakotini kazwelonke kwaba amathani ayizigidi ezingu-6.31. Ngokwezibalo ze-China Cellulose Industry Association, ngo-2014, inani eliphelele likakotini ocolisisiwe okhiqizwa abakhiqizi abakhulu basekhaya bekotini elicwengekile lalingamathani angu-332,000, futhi ukuhlinzekwa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa kuningi.
Izinto zokusetshenziswa eziyinhloko zokukhiqizwa kwemishini yamakhemikhali e-graphite yinsimbi ne-graphite carbon. Intengo yensimbi ne-graphite carbon ilandisa ngenani eliphakeme kakhulu lezindleko zokukhiqizwa kwemishini yamakhemikhali e-graphite. Ukushintshashintsha kwentengo yalezi zinto zokusetshenziswa kuzoba nomthelela othile ezindlekweni zokukhiqiza kanye nentengo yokuthengisa yemishini yamakhemikhali e-graphite.
(2) Imboni ephansi ye-cellulose ether
Njenge-“industrial monosodium glutamate”, i-cellulose ether inengxenye ephansi ye-cellulose ether futhi inezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo. Izimboni ezansi nomfula zisakazeke kuyo yonke imikhakha yempilo emnothweni wezwe.
Imvamisa, imboni yezokwakha ezansi nomfula kanye nemboni yezindlu ezithengiswayo izoba nomthelela othile esilinganisweni sokukhula kwesidingo sebanga lezinto zokwakha ze-cellulose ether. Lapho imboni yezokwakha yasekhaya kanye nemboni yezindlu ezithengiswayo ikhula ngokushesha, isidingo semakethe yasekhaya yezinto zokwakha grade cellulose ether sikhula ngokushesha. Lapho izinga lokukhula kwemboni yezokwakha yasekhaya kanye nomkhakha wezindlu ezithengiswayo kuncipha, izinga lokukhula kwesidingo sezinto zokwakha ze-cellulose ether emakethe yasekhaya lizokwehla, okuzoqinisa ukuncintisana kule mboni futhi kusheshise inqubo yokusinda kwabanamandla kakhulu phakathi kwamabhizinisi kule mboni.
Kusukela ngo-2012, esimweni sokwehla kwemboni yezokwakha yasekhaya kanye nemboni yezindlu, isidingo sezinto zokwakha ze-cellulose ether emakethe yasekhaya asiguquki kakhulu. Izizathu eziyinhloko yilezi: 1. Isilinganiso sisonke semboni yezokwakha yasekhaya kanye nemboni yezindlu nezindlu sikhulu, futhi isamba esifunwa yimakethe sikhulu uma kuqhathaniswa; imakethe enkulu yabathengi yezinto zokwakha grade cellulose ether ikhula kancane kancane isuka ezindaweni ezithuthukisiwe kwezomnotho kanye namadolobha esigaba sokuqala nesesibili kuya ezifundeni ezimaphakathi nesentshonalanga namadolobha asezingeni lesithathu, amandla okukhula kwesidingo sasekhaya kanye nokwandiswa kwendawo; 2. Inani le-cellulose ether eyengeziwe lilandisa ingxenye ephansi yezindleko zezinto zokwakha. Inani elisetshenziswa ikhasimende elilodwa lincane, futhi amakhasimende ahlakazekile, athambekele ekufuneni okuqinile. Ingqikithi yesidingo emakethe engezansi komfula izinzile; 3. Ukushintsha kwentengo yemakethe kuyisici esibalulekile esithinta ukuguqulwa kwesakhiwo sesidingo sebanga lezinto zokwakha ze-cellulose ether. Kusukela ngo-2012, intengo yokuthengisa yezinto zokwakha ebangeni le-cellulose ether yehle kakhulu, okubangele ukwehla okukhulu kwentengo yemikhiqizo ephakathi kuya kwephezulu, eheha amakhasimende amaningi ukuthi athenge futhi akhethe, okwandisa isidingo semikhiqizo ephakathi kuya kwephezulu, futhi ecindezela isidingo semakethe nendawo yamanani yamamodeli ajwayelekile.
Izinga lokuthuthuka kwemboni yezemithi kanye nezinga lokukhula kwemboni eyenza imithi lizothinta isidingo se-ether ye-cellulose ether yezinga lezemithi. Ukwenziwa ngcono kwezinga lokuphila kwabantu kanye nemboni yokudla ethuthukisiwe kulungele ukushayela isidingo semakethe se-cellulose ether yezinga lokudla.
Indlela yokuthuthuka ye-cellulose ether
Ngenxa yomehluko wesakhiwo esidingweni semakethe se-cellulose ether, izinkampani ezinamandla ahlukene nobuthakathaka zingahlala ndawonye. Ngenxa yokuhlukaniswa okusobala kwesakhiwo sokufunwa kwemakethe, abakhiqizi be-cellulose ether basekhaya baye bathatha amasu ahlukene okuncintisana ngokusekelwe kumandla abo, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, kufanele babambe kahle ukuthambekela kwentuthuko kanye nesiqondiso semakethe.
(1) Ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo kusazoba iphuzu eliyinhloko lokuncintisana lamabhizinisi e-cellulose ether
I-cellulose ether ilandisa ingxenye encane yezindleko zokukhiqiza zamabhizinisi amaningi aphansi kulo mkhakha, kodwa inomthelela omkhulu kwikhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Amaqembu amakhasimende asezingeni eliphakathi ukuya phezulu kufanele ahlole ifomula ngaphambi kokusebenzisa uhlobo oluthile lwe-cellulose ether. Ngemva kokwenza ifomula ezinzile, ngokuvamile akulula ukushintsha ezinye izinhlobo zemikhiqizo, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, izidingo eziphakeme zibekwe ekuzinzeni kwekhwalithi ye-cellulose ether. Lesi simo sigqama kakhulu emikhakheni esezingeni eliphezulu njengabakhiqizi abakhulu bezinto zokwakha ekhaya naphesheya, izisiza zokwelapha, izithasiselo zokudla, kanye ne-PVC. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuncintisana kwemikhiqizo, abakhiqizi kufanele baqinisekise ukuthi ikhwalithi nokuzinza kwamaqoqo ahlukene e-cellulose ether abahlinzekayo kungagcinwa isikhathi eside, ukuze bakhe isithunzi esingcono semakethe.
(2) Ukuthuthukisa izinga lobuchwepheshe bokusebenzisa umkhiqizo kuyisiqondiso sokuthuthukiswa kwamabhizinisi asekhaya we-cellulose ether
Ngobuchwepheshe obukhulayo bokukhiqiza bei-cellulose ether, izinga eliphezulu lobuchwepheshe bezicelo lisiza ekuthuthukisweni kokuncintisana okuphelele kwamabhizinisi kanye nokwakhiwa kobudlelwane obuzinzile namakhasimende. Izinkampani ezaziwayo ze-cellulose ether emazweni athuthukile ikakhulukazi zamukela isu lokuncintisana "lokubhekana namakhasimende aphezulu aphezulu + ukuthuthukisa ukusetshenziswa nokusetshenziswa komfula" ukuthuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-cellulose ether kanye namafomula okusetshenziswa, futhi kulungiselelwe uchungechunge lwemikhiqizo ngokwezinkambu ezihlukene zohlelo lokusebenza ezihlukene ukuze kube lula ukusetshenziswa kwamakhasimende, kanye nokuhlakulela isidingo semakethe esezansi nomfula. Ukuncintisana kwamabhizinisi e-cellulose ether emazweni athuthukile kuye kwasuka ekungeneni komkhiqizo kuya emncintiswaneni emkhakheni wobuchwepheshe bokufaka isicelo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-25-2024