I-Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) i-polymer encibilika emanzini etholakala ku-cellulose, evame ukusetshenziswa ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo zokujiya, ukuqiniswa, kanye ne-emulsifying. I-High viscosity CMC (CMC-HV) ikakhulukazi inezici ezihlukile eziyenza ibe wusizo ezinhlelweni ezihlobene ne-petroleum.
1. Isakhiwo Samakhemikhali Nokwakheka
I-CMC ikhiqizwa ukuguqulwa kwamakhemikhali kwe-cellulose, i-polymer yemvelo etholakala ezindongeni zamaseli ezitshalo. Inqubo ihilela ukwethulwa kwamaqembu e-carboxymethyl (-CH2-COOH) kumgogodla we-cellulose, okwenza i-cellulose inyibilike emanzini. I-degree of substitution (DS), ebhekisela enanini eliyisilinganiso lamaqembu e-carboxymethyl ngeyunithi ngayinye ye-anhydroglucose ku-molecule ye-cellulose, ithonya kakhulu izakhiwo ze-CMC. I-Petroleum grade high viscosity CMC ngokuvamile ine-DS ephezulu, ethuthukisa ukunyibilika kwayo kwamanzi kanye nokubonakala kwayo.
2. I-Viscosity ephezulu
Isici esichazayo se-CMC-HV yi-viscosity yayo ephezulu lapho incibilika emanzini. I-Viscosity isilinganiso sokumelana koketshezi nokugeleza, futhi i-viscosity ephezulu i-CMC yakha isisombululo esiwugqinsi, esifana nejeli ngisho nasezindaweni eziphansi. Lesi sakhiwo sibalulekile ekusetshenzisweni kwe-petroleum lapho i-CMC-HV isetshenziselwa ukuguqula izakhiwo ze-rheological zoketshezi lokumba nokunye ukwakheka. I-viscosity ephezulu iqinisekisa ukumiswa okuqinile kwezinto eziqinile, ukuthambisa okungcono, nokuzinza okuthuthukisiwe kodaka lokumba.
3. Ukuncibilika kwamanzi
I-CMC-HV incibilika kakhulu emanzini, okuyisidingo esibalulekile ekusetshenzisweni kwayo embonini ye-petroleum. Uma yengezwe ekubunjweni okusekelwe emanzini, i-hydrates ngokushesha futhi ihlakazeke, yakha isixazululo se-homogeneous. Lokhu kuncibilika kubalulekile ukuze kulungiswe kahle futhi kusetshenziswe uketshezi lokumba, ama-slurries kasimende, kanye noketshezi lokuphothula ekusebenzeni kwe-petroleum.
4. Ukuzinza Okushisayo
Ukusebenza kukaphethiloli kuvame ukubandakanya izindawo ezinezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, futhi ukuzinza kwe-CMC-HV okushisayo kubalulekile. Leli banga le-CMC liklanyelwe ukugcina i-viscosity nokusebenza kwalo ngaphansi kwamazinga okushisa aphakeme, ngokuvamile afika ku-150°C (302°F). Lokhu kuzinza kwe-thermal kuqinisekisa ukusebenza okungaguquguquki ku-high-temperature drilling kanye nezinqubo zokukhiqiza, ukuvimbela ukuwohloka nokulahlekelwa kwezakhiwo.
5. pH Ukuzinza
I-CMC-HV ibonisa ukuzinza okuhle kulo lonke i-pH ebanzi, ngokuvamile kusukela ku-4 kuye ku-11. Lokhu kuzinza kwe-pH kubalulekile ngoba uketshezi lokumba nokunye ukwakheka okuhlobene ne-petroleum kungahlangabezana nezimo ze-pH ezihlukahlukayo. Ukugcina i-viscosity nokusebenza ezindaweni ezihlukene ze-pH kuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle nokuthembeka kwe-CMC-HV ezimeni zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene.
6. Ukubekezelela Usawoti
Ekusetshenzisweni kwe-petroleum, uketshezi luvame ukuhlangana nosawoti ohlukahlukene kanye nama-electrolyte. I-CMC-HV yakhelwe ukuthi ikwazi ukubekezelela izindawo ezinjalo, igcine i-viscosity yayo kanye nezakhiwo ezisebenzayo lapho kukhona usawoti. Lokhu kubekezelela usawoti kunenzuzo ikakhulukazi ekumbiweni ogwini nakweminye imisebenzi lapho izimo zikasawoti zivame kakhulu.
7. Ukulawula Ukuhlunga
Omunye wemisebenzi ebalulekile ye-CMC-HV kuketshezi lokumba ukulawula ukulahleka koketshezi, okubuye kwaziwe ngokuthi ukulawulwa kokuhlunga. Uma isetshenziselwa ukumba udaka, i-CMC-HV isiza ukwakha ikhekhe lesihlungi elincanyana, elingangeneli ezindongeni ze-borehole, livimbele ukulahlekelwa uketshezi oluningi ekubunjweni kwalo. Lokhu kulawulwa kokuhlunga kubalulekile ekugcineni ukuqina kwe-wellbore nokuvimbela ukulimala kokubunjwa.
8. Ukuwohloka kwezinto eziphilayo kanye nomthelela wemvelo
Njengokukhetha okuqaphela imvelo, i-CMC-HV iyabola futhi isuselwa ezinsizeni ezivuselelekayo. I-biodegradability yayo isho ukuthi ibhidlika ngokwemvelo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, inciphisa umthelela wemvelo uma iqhathaniswa nama-polymers okwenziwa. Lesi sici siya ngokuya sibaluleke kakhulu njengoba imboni ye-petroleum igxile ekusimameni nasekunciphiseni imikhondo yemvelo.
9. Ukuhambisana Nezinye Izithasiselo
I-CMC-HV ivamise ukusetshenziswa ekuhlanganisweni nezinye izithasiselo kuketshezi lokumba nokunye ukwakhiwa kwe-petroleum. Ukuhambisana kwayo namakhemikhali ahlukahlukene, njenge-xanthan gum, guar gum, nama-polymers okwenziwa, kuvumela ukwenziwa ngokwezifiso kwezakhiwo eziwuketshezi ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezithile zokusebenza. Lokhu kuguquguquka kuthuthukisa ukusebenza nokusebenza kahle koketshezi lokumba.
10. Ukuthambisa
Emisebenzini yokumba, ukunciphisa ukungqubuzana phakathi kwentambo yokubhoboza kanye ne-borehole kubalulekile ukuze kubhojwe kahle futhi kuncishiswe ukuguga. I-CMC-HV inikela ekugcotshisweni koketshezi lokumba, ukunciphisa i-torque nokuhudula, kanye nokwenza ngcono ukusebenza kahle okuphelele kwenqubo yokumba. Lokhu kuthambisa futhi kusiza ekweluleni isikhathi sempilo yemishini yokumba.
11. Ukumiswa kanye nokuzinza
Ikhono lokumisa nokusimamisa okuqinile oketshezini lokumba libalulekile ekuvimbeleni ukuzinza nokuqinisekisa izici ezifanayo kulo lonke uketshezi. I-CMC-HV ihlinzeka ngamakhono amahle kakhulu okumiswa, ukugcina izinto zokulinganisa, ukusikwa, nokunye okuqinile kusatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo. Lokhu kuzinza kubalulekile ekugcineni izici zoketshezi lokumba ezingashintshi kanye nokuvimbela izinkinga zokusebenza.
12. Isicelo-Izinzuzo Ezithize
I-Drilling Fluids: Emanzini okumba, i-CMC-HV ithuthukisa i-viscosity, ilawula ukulahleka koketshezi, isimamisa imbobo, futhi inikeza ukuthambisa. Izakhiwo zayo ziqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kokumba, ukunciphisa umthelela wemvelo, futhi kuthuthukise ukusebenza okuphelele kohlelo loketshezi lokumba.
Uketshezi Lokuqedwa: Ekuqedeni uketshezi, i-CMC-HV isetshenziselwa ukulawula ukulahlekelwa koketshezi, ukunzinzisa i-wellbore, nokuqinisekisa ubuqotho benqubo yokuqeda. Ukuzinza kwayo okushisayo nokuhambisana nezinye izithasiselo kuyenza ifanelekele ukusetshenziswa emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, emithonjeni enengcindezi ephezulu.
Imisebenzi Yokufaka Usimende: Kumaslurry usimende, i-CMC-HV isebenza njenge-viscosifier kanye ne-ejenti yokulawula ukulahlekelwa uketshezi. Kuyasiza ekufezeni izakhiwo ezifiselekayo ze-rheological ze-cement slurry, ukuqinisekisa ukubekwa okufanele kanye nesethi yesimende, nokuvimbela ukufuduka kwegesi nokulahlekelwa uketshezi.
I-Petroleum grade high viscosity CMC (CMC-HV) iyi-polymer eguquguqukayo futhi ebalulekile embonini ye-petroleum. Izici zayo eziyingqayizivele, kufaka phakathi i-viscosity ephezulu, ukunyibilika kwamanzi, ukuzinza kwe-thermal ne-pH, ukubekezelela usawoti, ukulawula ukuhlunga, ukubola kwe-biodegradability, kanye nokuhambisana nezinye izithasiselo, kuyenza ibaluleke kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni okuhlukahlukene okuhlobene ne-petroleum. Kusukela kuketshezi lokumba kuya ekuqedeni nasekufakweni kukasimende, i-CMC-HV ithuthukisa ukusebenza, ukusebenza kahle, nokusimama kwemvelo kokukhipha uphethiloli nezinqubo zokukhiqiza. Njengoba imboni iqhubeka nokuvela, isidingo sokusebenza okuphezulu, izithasiselo ezinobungani kwemvelo njenge-CMC-HV sizokhula kuphela, okugcizelela indima yayo ebalulekile ekusebenzeni kwesimanje kukaphethiloli.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-06-2024