IHydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) i-non-ionic water-soluble polymer compound efunyenwe ngokuguqulwa kweekhemikhali ze-cellulose yendalo. Isetyenziselwa kakhulu ukutya, amayeza, izimonyo kunye namashishini okwakha, ngakumbi njenge-adhesive, thickener, emulsifier kunye ne-agent yokumisa kumalungiselelo amayeza. Kwinkqubo yesicelo, iimpawu ze-viscosity ze-HPMC isisombululo samanzi zibalulekile ekusebenzeni kwayo kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo.
1. Isakhiwo kunye neepropati ze-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
Ubume bemolekyuli ye-HPMC iqulethe amaqela amabini abambeleyo, i-hydroxypropyl (-CH₂CHOHCH₃) kunye nemethyl (-OCH₃), eyenza ibe nokunyibilika kakuhle kwamanzi kunye nokukwazi ukuguqulwa. Itsheyini yeemolekyuli ye-HPMC inesakhiwo esithile esiqinileyo, kodwa inokwenza i-network ye-dimensional-dimensional structure kwisisombululo esinamanzi, okubangela ukwanda kwe-viscosity. Ubunzima bayo be-molecular, uhlobo lwe-substitute kunye ne-degree of substitution (oko kukuthi, i-degree of hydroxypropyl kunye ne-methyl substitution yeyunithi nganye) inempembelelo ebalulekileyo kwi-viscosity yesisombululo.
2. Iimpawu ze-Viscosity zesisombululo samanzi
Iimpawu ze-viscosity ze-HPMC isisombululo samanzi zihambelana ngokusondeleyo kwizinto ezifana nokugxininiswa, ubunzima be-molecular, ubushushu kunye nexabiso le-pH ye-solvent. Ngokubanzi, i-viscosity ye-HPMC yesisombululo samanzi iyanda ngokunyuka koxinzelelo lwayo. I-viscosity yayo ibonisa ukuziphatha kwe-rheological non-Newtonian, oko kukuthi, njengoko izinga lokucheba likhula, i-viscosity yesisombululo iyancipha ngokuthe ngcembe, ibonisa isiganeko sokucheba.
(1) Umphumo wokugxininisa
Kukho ubudlelwane obuthile phakathi kwe-viscosity yesisombululo samanzi se-HPMC kunye nokugxila kwayo. Njengoko ukugxininiswa kwe-HPMC kwanda, ukusebenzisana kweemolekyuli kwisisombululo samanzi kuphuculwe, kwaye ukuxhamla kunye nokudibanisa kweentambo ze-molecular kwanda, okubangelwa ukwanda kwe-viscosity yesisombululo. Kwiindawo ezisezantsi, i-viscosity ye-HPMC isisombululo se-aqueous inyuka ngokuhambelana nokunyuka koxinzelelo, kodwa kwiindawo eziphakamileyo, ukukhula kwe-viscosity yesisombululo kudla ukuba kucaba kwaye kufikelele kwixabiso elizinzile.
(2) Impembelelo yobunzima bemolekyuli
Ubunzima bemolekyuli ye-HPMC ichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo i-viscosity yesisombululo sayo samanzi. I-HPMC enobunzima obuphezulu bemolekyuli inamatyathanga amade eemolekyuli kwaye inokwenza uthungelwano oluntsonkothileyo lwesakhiwo sothungelwano olunamacala amathathu kwisisombululo samanzi, okukhokelela kwi-viscosity ephezulu. Ngokwahlukileyo, i-HPMC enobunzima obuphantsi bemolekyuli inesakhiwo sothungelwano esikhululekileyo kunye ne-viscosity esezantsi ngenxa yamatyathanga amafutshane emolekyuli. Ngoko ke, xa ufaka isicelo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha i-HPMC ngobunzima obufanelekileyo be-molecular ukuphumeza umphumo ofanelekileyo we-viscosity.
(3) Impembelelo yobushushu
Ubushushu yinto ebalulekileyo echaphazela i-viscosity yesisombululo samanzi se-HPMC. Njengoko iqondo lokushisa linyuka, ukuhamba kweeamolekyu zamanzi kuqinisa kwaye i-viscosity yesisombululo ngokuqhelekileyo iyancipha. Oku kungenxa yokuba xa ubushushu buphakama, inkululeko ye-HPMC ye-molecular chain iyanda kwaye intsebenziswano phakathi kweeamolekyu iyancipha, ngaloo ndlela inciphisa i-viscosity yesisombululo. Nangona kunjalo, impendulo ye-HPMC evela kwiibhetshi ezahlukeneyo okanye iibrendi kwiqondo lobushushu nazo zinokwahluka, ngoko ke iimeko zobushushu kufuneka zihlengahlengiswe ngokweemfuno ezithile zesicelo.
(4) Impembelelo yexabiso le-pH
I-HPMC ngokwayo iyikhompawundi engeyiyo i-ionic, kwaye i-viscosity yesisombululo sayo samanzi sinovakalelo kwiinguqu kwi-pH. Nangona i-HPMC ibonisa iimpawu ze-viscosity ezizinzileyo kwiindawo ezine-acidic okanye ezingathathi hlangothi, ukunyibilika kunye ne-viscosity ye-HPMC kuya kuchaphazeleka kwiindawo ezine-acidic kakhulu okanye i-alkaline. Ngokomzekelo, phantsi kweemeko ze-asidi eyomeleleyo okanye i-alkaline eyomeleleyo, iimolekyuli ze-HPMC zinokuthi zonakaliswe ngokuyinxenye, ngaloo ndlela zinciphisa i-viscosity yesisombululo sayo samanzi.
3. Uhlalutyo lwe-Rheological lweempawu ze-viscosity ze-HPMC isisombululo samanzi
Ukuziphatha rheological of HPMC isisombululo aqueous ngokuqhelekileyo ibonisa iimpawu non-Newtonian ulwelo, nto leyo ethetha ukuba viscosity yayo ayikho kuphela ezinxulumene izinto ezifana yoxinaniso isisombululo kunye nobunzima molekyuli, kodwa izinga lokucheba. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kumazinga aphantsi okucheba, isisombululo se-HPMC samanzi sibonisa i-viscosity ephezulu, ngelixa izinga lokucheba linyuka, i-viscosity iyancipha. Le ndlela yokuziphatha ibizwa ngokuba "kukucheba ukucheba" okanye "ukucheba ukucheba" kwaye ibaluleke kakhulu kwizinto ezininzi ezenziwayo. Ngokomzekelo, kwiinkalo zokugquma, ukulungiswa kwamayeza, ukulungiswa kokutya, njl.
4. Ezinye izinto ezichaphazela i-viscosity yesisombululo samanzi se-HPMC
(1) Umphumo wetyuwa
Ukongezwa kwe-solutes yetyuwa (njenge-sodium chloride) kunokunyusa i-viscosity ye-HPMC isisombululo samanzi. Oku kungenxa yokuba ityuwa inokuphucula intsebenziswano phakathi kweeathom ngokuguqula amandla e-ionic yesisombululo, ukuze iimolekyuli ze-HPMC zenze isakhiwo sothungelwano esihlangeneyo, ngaloo ndlela sandise i-viscosity. Nangona kunjalo, umphumo wohlobo lwetyuwa kunye nokugxininiswa kwi-viscosity nayo kufuneka ihlengahlengiswe ngokweemeko ezithile.
(2) Impembelelo yezinye izongezo
Ukongeza ezinye izongezo (ezifana ne-surfactants, iipolima, njl.njl.) kwi-HPMC isisombululo samanzi siya kuchaphazela i-viscosity. Umzekelo, ii-surfactants zinokunciphisa i-viscosity ye-HPMC, ngakumbi xa i-surfactant concentration iphezulu. Ukongeza, iipolymers ezithile okanye amasuntswana nako ukusebenzisana HPMC kwaye utshintshe iimpawu rheological isisombululo sayo.
Iimpawu ze-viscosity zeihydroxypropyl methylcellulose isisombululo samanzi achatshazelwa yimiba emininzi, kuquka yoxinaniso, ubunzima molekyuli, ubushushu, ixabiso pH, etc. HPMC isisombululo aqueous ngokuqhelekileyo ibonisa iipropati non-Newtonian rheological, ineempawu ezintle ukujiya nokucheba ukubhitya, kwaye isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zoshishino kunye namayeza. Ukuqonda kunye nokuqonda ezi mpawu ze-viscosity kuya kunceda ukwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-HPMC kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo. Kwizicelo eziphathekayo, uhlobo olufanelekileyo lwe-HPMC kunye neemeko zenkqubo kufuneka zikhethwe ngokweemfuno ezithile zokufumana i-viscosity efanelekileyo kunye neempawu ze-rheological.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-01-2025