IHydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC)yinxalenye yokwenziwa kweselulosi kunye nesemi-synthetic polymer compound. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kumashishini amaninzi afana nokwakha, amayeza, ukutya, izinto zokuthambisa kunye neengubo. Njenge-ether ye-cellulose e-non-ionic, i-HPMC ine-solubility efanelekileyo yamanzi, i-film-forming properties, i-adhesion kunye ne-emulsification, ngoko ke inexabiso elibalulekileyo lesicelo kwiinkalo ezininzi.
1. Ubume beMichiza kunye neempawu ze-HPMC
Ubume bemolekyuli ye-HPMC ithathwe kwiselulosi yendalo. Emva kokuguqulwa kweekhemikhali, i-methyl (-OCH₃) kunye ne-hydroxypropyl (-OCH₂CH₂OH) amaqela angeniswa kwikhonkco ye-cellulose. Ubume balo bemichiza buhamba ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
Iimolekyuli ze-cellulose zenziwe ngeeyunithi ze-glucose ezixhunywe ngamabhondi e-β-1,4-glycosidic;
Amaqela e-Methyl kunye ne-hydroxypropyl angeniswa kwikhonkco le-cellulose ngokuphendula ngokutshintsha.
Olu lwakhiwo lwekhemikhali lunika i-HPMC ezi mpawu zilandelayo:
Ukunyibilika kwamanzi: Ngokulawula iqondo lokutshintshwa kwamaqela e-methyl kunye ne-hydroxypropyl, i-HPMC inokulungelelanisa ukunyibilika kwayo kwamanzi. Ngokubanzi, i-HPMC inokwenza isisombululo se-viscous kumanzi abandayo kwaye inokunyibilika kakuhle kwamanzi.
Ukulungelelaniswa kwe-Viscosity: I-viscosity ye-HPMC inokulawulwa ngokuchanekileyo ngokulungelelanisa ubunzima be-molecular kunye neqondo lokutshintshela ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zesicelo.
Ukumelana nobushushu: Kuba i-HPMC iyimathiriyeli ye-thermoplastic yepolymer, ukuxhathisa ubushushu buhle kwaye inokugcina ukusebenza okuzinzileyo ngaphakathi koluhlu oluthile lobushushu.
I-Biocompatibility: I-HPMC yinto engeyona ityhefu kwaye ayicaphukisi, ngoko ke ithandwa kakhulu kwintsimi yezonyango.
2. Ukulungiselela indlela ye-HPMC
Indlela yokulungiselela ye-HPMC igqityezelwa ikakhulu yi-esterification reaction ye-cellulose. Amanyathelo athile ngala alandelayo:
Ukuchithwa kwe-cellulose: Okokuqala, xuba i-cellulose yendalo kunye ne-solvent (efana ne-chloroform, i-alcohol solvent, njl.) ukuyinyibilikisa kwisisombululo se-cellulose.
Ukuguqulwa kwemichiza: I-Methyl kunye ne-hydroxypropyl i-reagents yeekhemikhali (ezifana ne-chloromethyl compounds kunye ne-alylal alcohol) zongezwa kwisisombululo ukuze kubangele ukusabela kokutshintsha.
I-neutralization kunye nokomisa: Ixabiso le-pH lihlengahlengiswa ngokongeza i-asidi okanye i-alkali, kwaye ukuhlukana, ukucocwa kunye nokomisa kuqhutyelwa emva kokusabela ekugqibeleni ukufumana i-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose.
3. Usetyenziso oluphambili lwe-HPMC
Iimpawu ezizodwa ze-HPMC ziyenza isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwiinkalo ezininzi. Ezi zilandelayo zezinye zeendawo eziphambili zesicelo:
(1) Intsimi yolwakhiwo: I-HPMC isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kushishino lokwakha, ikakhulu kwizinto zokwakha ezifana nesamente, udaka, kunye neengubo. Iyakwazi ukuphucula ukumanzi, ukunamathela kunye nokugcinwa kwamanzi omxube. Ngokukodwa kumdaka owomileyo, i-HPMC inokuphucula ukusebenza kokwakhiwa, ikhulise ukunamathela kodaka, kwaye igweme ukuqhekeka kwi-sement slurry ngexesha lenkqubo yokuqina.
(2) Intsimi yamachiza: Kwintsimi yamachiza, i-HPMC isoloko isetyenziselwa ukulungiselela iipilisi, iipilisi kunye neziyobisi ezingamanzi. Njenge-ejenti yokwenza ifilimu, i-thickener kunye ne-stabilizer, inokuphucula ukunyibilika kunye ne-bioavailability yamachiza. Kwiipilisi, i-HPMC ayikwazi ukulawula kuphela izinga lokukhululwa kwamachiza, kodwa nokuphucula ukuzinza kwamachiza.
(3) Intsimi yokutya: I-HPMC ingasetyenziselwa ukulungiswa kokutya njenge-thickener, emulsifier kunye ne-stabilizer. Ngokomzekelo, kwi-fat-fat and fat-free foods, i-HPMC inokubonelela ngencasa engcono kunye nokuthungwa kunye nokwandisa ukuzinza kwemveliso. Ikwasetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekutyeni okukhenkcezisiweyo ukuthintela ukwahlulwa kwamanzi okanye ukubunjwa kwekristale yomkhenkce.
(4) Izithambiso: Kwizinto zokuthambisa, i-HPMC ihlala isetyenziswa njenge-thickener, emulsifier kunye ne-moisturizer. Inokuphucula ukuthungwa kwezithambiso, izenze kube lula ukuzisebenzisa kunye nokuzifunxa. Ngokukodwa kwiikhrimu zesikhumba, iishampu, iimaski zobuso kunye nezinye iimveliso, ukusetyenziswa kwe-HPMC kunokuphucula ukuvakalelwa kunye nokuzinza kwemveliso.
(5) Iingubo kunye neepeyinti: Kwimizi-mveliso yeengubo kunye nepeyinti, i-HPMC, njenge-thickener kunye ne-emulsifier, inokulungelelanisa i-rheology yokugqoka, okwenza ukuba i-coating ibe yinto efanayo kwaye igudileyo. Iyakwazi nokuphucula ukuxhathisa kwamanzi kunye neempawu ezichasayo zokugquma, kunye nokwandisa ukuqina kunye nokunamathela kwengubo.
4. Amathuba emarike kunye neendlela zophuhliso ze-HPMC
Njengoko abantu benikela ingqalelo ngakumbi nangakumbi ekukhuselweni kwendalo kunye nempilo, i-HPMC, njengento eluhlaza kunye ne-non-toxic polymer, inethemba elibanzi. Ngokukodwa kumashishini amayeza, ukutya kunye nezithambiso, ukusetyenziswa kwe-HPMC kuya kwandiswa ngakumbi. Kwixesha elizayo, inkqubo yokuvelisa ye-HPMC inokuthi iphuculwe ngakumbi, kwaye ukunyuka kwemveliso kunye nokunciphisa iindleko kuya kukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwayo kumashishini amaninzi.
Ngophuhliso lwezixhobo ezihlakaniphile kunye nokulawulwa kokukhululwa kweteknoloji, ukusetyenziswa kwe-HPMC kwiinkqubo zokuhanjiswa kweziyobisi ezihlakaniphile kuya kuba yindawo yophando. Ngokomzekelo, i-HPMC ingasetyenziselwa ukulungiselela abathwali bamachiza kunye nomsebenzi wokukhululwa olawulwayo ukwandisa ubude besiphumo sechiza kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle.
IHydroxypropyl methylcellulosesisixhobo sepolymer esinentsebenzo egqwesileyo kunye nesicelo esibanzi. Ngokunyibilika kwayo okugqwesileyo kwamanzi, ukukwazi ukulungelelanisa i-viscosity kunye ne-biocompatibility efanelekileyo, i-HPMC inezicelo ezibalulekileyo kwiinkalo ezininzi ezifana nokwakhiwa, amayeza, ukutya, izithambiso, njl. Ngokuhambela phambili kwenzululwazi kunye nobuchwepheshe, inkqubo yemveliso kunye nemimandla yesicelo se-HPMC inokuqhubeka nokwandisa, kwaye amathemba ophuhliso lwexesha elizayo abanzi kakhulu.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-11-2025