Ukusebenzisa i-cellulose njengento ekrwada,CMC-Nayalungiswa ngendlela enamanyathelo amabini. Eyokuqala yinkqubo ye-alkalization ye-cellulose. I-cellulose idibana nesodium hydroxide ukwenza i-alkali cellulose, kwaye emva koko i-alkali cellulose idibana ne-chloroacetic acid ukuvelisa i-CMC-Na, ebizwa ngokuba yi-etherification.
Inkqubo yokusabela kufuneka ibe yialkaline. Le nkqubo yeyendlela ye-Williamson ether synthesis. I-reaction mechanism yi-nucleophilic substitution. Inkqubo yokusabela i-alkaline, kwaye ihamba kunye neempendulo zecala phambi kwamanzi, njenge-sodium glycolate, i-glycolic acid kunye nezinye iimveliso. Ngenxa yobukho beempendulo zecala, ukusetyenziswa kwealkali kunye ne-etherification agent kuya kwandiswa, ngaloo ndlela kuncitshiswe ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-etherification; Ngaxeshanye, i-sodium glycolate, i-glycolic acid kunye nokungcola kwetyuwa eninzi kunokuveliswa kwi-reaction yecala, kubangele ukucoceka kunye nokunciphisa ukusebenza kwemveliso. Ukuze ucinezele ukusabela kwecala, akufuneki kuphela ukusebenzisa ialkali ngokufanelekileyo, kodwa kunye nokulawula ubuninzi benkqubo yamanzi, ukuxinwa kwe-alkali kunye nendlela yokuvuselela ngenjongo yealkalization eyaneleyo. Ngexesha elifanayo, iimfuno zemveliso kwi-viscosity kunye neqondo lokutshintshwa kufuneka ziqwalaselwe, kwaye isantya esishukumisayo kunye nokushisa kufuneka kuqwalaselwe ngokubanzi. Ukulawula kunye nezinye izinto, ukwandisa izinga le-etherification, kunye nokuthintela ukwenzeka kweempendulo zecala.
Ngokutsho kweendaba ezahlukeneyo ze-etherification, imveliso yoshishino ye-CMC-Na inokwahlulwa ibe ngamacandelo amabini: indlela esekwe emanzini kunye ne-solvent-based method. Indlela yokusebenzisa amanzi njengendlela yokusabela ibizwa ngokuba yindlela ephakathi kwamanzi, esetyenziselwa ukuvelisa i-alkaline medium and low-grade CMC-Na. Indlela yokusebenzisa i-solvent ye-organic njengoko i-reaction medium ibizwa ngokuba yi-solvent method, efanelekileyo kwimveliso ye-CMC-Na ye-medium kunye ne-high-grade. Ezi mpendulo zimbini zenziwa kwi-kneader, eyenkqubo yokuxova kwaye ngoku yeyona ndlela iphambili yokuvelisa i-CMC-Na.
Indlela ephakathi kwamanzi:
Indlela yokuhambisa amanzi yinkqubo yangaphambili yokuvelisa i-industrial, okuyiyo ukusabela i-alkali cellulose kunye ne-etherification agent phantsi kweemeko ze-alkali zamahhala kunye namanzi. Ngexesha le-alkalization kunye ne-etherification, akukho nto i-organic medium kwinkqubo. Iimfuno zezixhobo zendlela yokusasaza kwamanzi zilula, kunye nokutyalomali okuncinci kunye neendleko eziphantsi. Ukungalungi kukungabikho komthamo omkhulu wolwelo oluphakathi, ubushushu obuveliswa yi-reaction kwandisa ubushushu, bunyusa isantya seempendulo zecala, bukhokelela ekusebenzeni kakuhle kwe-etherification, kunye nomgangatho ombi wemveliso. Indlela isetyenziselwa ukulungiselela iimveliso ze-CMC-Na eziphakathi kunye nezisezantsi, ezifana nezicoci, ii-agent zokulinganisa iimpahla kunye nokunye okunjalo.
Indlela yokunyibilikisa:
Indlela ye-solvent ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-organic solvent method, kwaye inkalo yayo ephambili kukuba i-alkalization kunye ne-etherification reactions zenziwa phantsi kwemeko ye-solvent ye-organic njenge-reaction medium (diluent). Ngokwesixa se-diluent esebenzayo, yahlulwe ngendlela yokuxova kunye nendlela yodaka. Indlela yokunyibilikisa iyafana nenkqubo yokusabela kwindlela yamanzi, kwaye ikwaquka izigaba ezibini ze-alkalization kunye ne-etherification, kodwa i-reaction medium yezi zigaba zimbini yahlukile. Indlela ye-solvent igcina inkqubo yokumanzisa i-alkali, ukucinezela, ukutyumza, ukuguga kunye nokunye okuhambelana nendlela yamanzi, kunye ne-alkalization kunye ne-etherification zonke ziqhutyelwa kwi-kneader. Ukungalungi kukuba ukulawulwa kweqondo lokushisa kuncinci, kwaye imfuno yendawo kunye neendleko ziphezulu. Kakade ke, ukuveliswa koyilo lwezixhobo ezahlukeneyo, kuyimfuneko ukulawula ngokungqongqo ubushushu benkqubo, ixesha lokutya, njl., ukwenzela ukuba iimveliso ezinomgangatho obalaseleyo kunye nokusebenza zilungiswe.
Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-25-2024