IHydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose (HPMC)yi-ether ye-cellulose e-soluble esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo, esetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizinto zokwakha, iingubo, amayeza kunye nokutya. Kwizinto zokwakha ezisekelwe kwi-samente, i-HPMC, njenge-modifier, idla ngokudibaniswa kwi-cement mortar ukuphucula ukusebenza kwayo, ngakumbi kwinkqubo yokwakhiwa kunye nokusetyenziswa. Inempembelelo ebalulekileyo kumanzi, ukugcinwa kwamanzi, ukusebenza kunye nokumelana nokuqhekeka kodaka.

 

1. Impembelelo ye-HPMC kumanzi odaka lwesamente
I-fluidity yodaka lwesamente luphawu olubalulekileyo lokulinganisa ukusebenza kwayo yokwakha, echaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nomgangatho wokwakha. Njengomathiriyeli wepolymer, i-HPMC inokunyibilika kakuhle kwamanzi kunye nomsebenzi womphezulu. Emva kokuba ifakwe kwi-cement mortar, inokwenza ifilimu encinci ngokusebenzisa i-intermolecular interactions, ikhulise i-viscosity yodaka, kwaye ngaloo ndlela iphucule umbane kunye nokusebenza komdaka. Ngokukodwa, i-HPMC inokulungelelanisa ngokufanelekileyo ukuhambelana kodaka, okwenza kube lula ukufaka isicelo kunye nokusabalalisa ngokulinganayo ngexesha lenkqubo yokwakha, ukuphepha ubunzima bokwakha obubangelwa ukomisa ngaphezulu kodaka.

I-HPMC inokwandisa ixesha elivulekileyo lodaka, oko kukuthi, ukwandisa ixesha lokusetyenziswa kodaka ngexesha lokwakha, kwaye uphephe umphumo wokwakha ochatshazelwa ngumphunga okhawulezayo wamanzi, ngakumbi kubushushu obuphezulu kunye nokusingqongileyo okomileyo.

 

2. Isiphumo se-HPMC kugcino lwamanzi lodaka lwesamente
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kodaka lwesamente lubalulekile ekomelezeni kwalo kunye nophuhliso lwamandla. Ekubeni inkqubo ye-cement hydration idinga amanzi aneleyo, ukuba ukulahlekelwa kwamanzi omdaka ngokukhawuleza kwaye i-cement hydration ayiphelelanga, iya kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo amandla okugqibela kunye nokuqina komdaka. I-HPMC inokuphucula ngokufanelekileyo ukugcinwa kwamanzi odaka. Amaqela e-hydroxypropyl kunye ne-methyl equlethwe kwisakhiwo sayo se-molecular ine-hydrophilicity eyomeleleyo, enokuthi yenze uluhlu olufanayo lokugcinwa kwamanzi kumdaka kunye nokunciphisa izinga lokunyuka kwamanzi.

Ngokukodwa kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu kunye neendawo eziphantsi zomswakama, ukongezwa kwe-HPMC kunokulibazisa kakhulu inkqubo yokomisa i-samente yodaka, iqinisekise i-hydration epheleleyo ye-samente, kwaye ngaloo ndlela iphucula amandla okugqibela kunye nokuxhatshazwa kokuqhekeka kodaka. Uphononongo lubonise ukuba amandla oxinzelelo kunye nokuqina kodaka kunye nesixa esifanelekileyo se-HPMC esongeziweyo ngokuqhelekileyo singcono kunezo zingenayo i-HPMC kwinkqubo yokuqina kwexesha elide.

 

3. Impembelelo ye-HPMC kwi-crack resistance yodaka lwesamente
Ukuqhekeka kuyingxaki eqhelekileyo echaphazela umgangatho wodaka lwesamente, ngakumbi phantsi kweempembelelo zezinto ezinjengokomisa i-shrinkage, utshintsho lweqondo lokushisa, kunye nemikhosi yangaphandle, i-mortar ijwayele ukuqhekeka. Ukongezwa kwe-HPMC kunokuphucula ngokufanelekileyo ukuxhathisa kokuqhekeka kodaka, ngakumbi ngale miba ilandelayo:

Ukuphucula i-elasticity kunye ne-plasticity yodaka: I-HPMC ine-elasticity ethile kunye neplastiki, enokuthi ikhulule uxinzelelo olubangelwa ukucima ukucutha ngexesha lokunyangwa kodaka, ngaloo ndlela inciphisa iziganeko zokuqhekeka.
Yandisa ukunamathela kunye namandla okuqina odaka: I-HPMC inokuphucula ukunamathela kunye namandla okuqina odaka, ngakumbi xa umphezulu we-substrate ungalingani okanye ukuncamathela kwe-substrate kubi.
Lawula isantya se-cement hydration: Ngokulawula izinga le-cement hydration, i-HPMC inokulibazisa ukulahlekelwa okugqithisileyo kwamanzi kwi-samente yodaka kunye nokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwe-shrinkage olubangelwa ukukhupha kwamanzi ngokukhawuleza, ngaloo ndlela kuthintela ngokufanelekileyo ukuvela kweentanda.

 

4. Impembelelo ye-HPMC kumandla kunye nokuqina kodaka lwesamente
Ngelixa kuphuculwa ukusebenza kunye nokumelana nokuqhekeka kodaka lwesamente, i-HPMC nayo inefuthe elithile kumandla kunye nokuqina. Nangona ukongezwa kwe-HPMC kuya kunciphisa kancinane amandla okuqala odaka ngenxa yokuba isakhiwo sayo se-molecular sithatha inxalenye yamanzi afunekayo kwi-samente hydration, ekuhambeni kwexesha, i-HPMC inceda ukuhanjiswa okupheleleyo kwesamente, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe amandla okugqibela odaka.

Ukongeza, i-HPMC inokuphucula ukunganyangeki kodaka lwesamente, inciphise ukukhukuliseka kodaka ngamanzi okanye iikhemikhali, kwaye yandise ukuqina kwayo. Oku kwenza udaka kunye ne-HPMC eyongeziweyo ibe nokusebenza kakuhle kwexesha elide kwindawo emanzi okanye eyonakalisayo, ngokukodwa ilungele ukuhombisa udonga lwangaphandle, ukugalela umgangatho kunye namanye amasimi.

 

5. Amathuba okusetyenziswa kwe-HPMC kwizinto zokwakha ezisekwe kwisamente
Ngemfuno ekhulayo yodaka olusebenza kakhulu kushishino lokwakha, i-HPMC, njengesongezo esibalulekileyo, ibonise amathuba okusebenza okubanzi kwizinto zokwakha ezisekwe kwisamente. Ukongeza kwizicelo zemveli ezifana nokutyabeka eludongeni kunye nodaka lomgangatho, i-HPMC ingasetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kodaka lokuzilinganisa, udaka lokulungisa, udaka oluxubeneyo elomileyo kunye nezinye iimveliso zokuphucula ngakumbi ukusebenza okubanzi kodaka.

Ngokuphuculwa kweemfuno zokwakha ukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo kunye nokuzinza, ungcoliseko oluphantsi kunye neempawu eziphantsi ze-VOC (i-volatile organic compound) ye-HPMC nayo yenza ukuba ibe namandla amakhulu okufaka isicelo kwizinto zokwakha eziluhlaza. Kwangaxeshanye, ngophuhliso oluqhubekayo lweetekhnoloji ezinxulumeneyo, uhlengahlengiso kunye neefom zezicelo ze-HPMC ziya kuba zintlobo ngeentlobo, zibonelela ngamathuba amaninzi okwenziwa ngokutsha kunye nophuhliso lwemathiriyeli yokwakha esekwe kwisamente.

 

Njengolungiso olubalulekileyo lwe-cement mortar, i-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) iphucula kakhulu umsebenzi wokwakha kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokwakha ezisekelwe kwi-samente ngokuphucula umbane, ukugcinwa kwamanzi, ukuxhathisa ukuqhekeka kunye namandla omdaka. Ngokuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kweemfuno zemathiriyeli yokwakha, umda wesicelo se-HPMC uya kwandiswa ngakumbi, ibe yenye yezinto eziphambili ekukhuthazeni ukuphuhliswa kwezinto zokwakha zanamhlanje.