IHydroxypropyl methylcelluloseluhlobo lwe-non-ionic cellulose exutywe ne-ether. Ngokungafaniyo ne-ionic methyl carboxymethyl cellulose exutywe ne-ether, ayisebenzi kunye neentsimbi ezinzima. Ngenxa yemilinganiselo eyahlukeneyo yomxholo we-methoxyl kunye nomxholo we-hydroxypropyl kwi-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose kunye ne-viscosities eyahlukeneyo, kukho iindidi ezininzi ezineepropati ezahlukeneyo, umzekelo, umxholo ophezulu we-methoxyl kunye nomxholo ophantsi we-hydroxypropyl Ukusebenza kwayo kusondele kuleyo ye-methyl cellulose, ngelixa ukusebenza komxholo ophantsi we-methoxyl kunye nomxholo we-hydroxyl we-hydroxyl ephezulu ye-hydroxyl esondele kwi-cellulopy ye-hydroxyl. Nangona kunjalo, kuluhlu ngalunye, nangona kuphela inani elincinci leqela le-hydroxypropyl okanye inani elincinci leqela le-methoxyl liqulethwe, kukho umahluko omkhulu kwi-solubility kwi-solvents yezinto eziphilayo okanye ubushushu be-flocculation kwizisombululo ezinamanzi.
(1) Iimpawu zokunyibilika kwe-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
① Ukunyibilika kwehydroxypropyl methylcellulose emanziniIHydroxypropyl methylcellulosengokwenene luhlobo lwe-methylcellulose eguqulwe yi-propylene oxide (i-methoxy-propylene), ngoko ke isenayo iimpawu ezifanayo njenge-methyl cellulose ineempawu ezifanayo zokunyibilika kwamanzi abandayo kunye nokungaxutywa kwamanzi ashushu. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yeqela le-hydroxypropyl elungisiweyo, ubushushu bayo be-gelation emanzini ashushu buphezulu kakhulu kune-methyl cellulose. Ngokomzekelo, i-viscosity ye-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose isisombululo se-aqueous kunye ne-2% ye-methoxy content substitution degree DS=0.73 kunye ne-hydroxypropyl content MS=0.46 yi-500 mpa · s kwi-20 ° C, kunye nobushushu bayo be-gel Inokufikelela kufuphi ne-100 ° C, ngelixa i-methyl5 ° C ye-cellulose efanayo kuphela. Ngokuphathelele ukunyibilika kwayo emanzini, nayo iphuculwe kakhulu. Umzekelo, i-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ehlatyiweyo (imilo yegranular yi-0.2~0.5mm kwi-20°C ene-4% ye-aqueous viscosity ye-2pa•s inokuthengwa kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi, inyibilika lula emanzini ngaphandle kokupholisa.
② Ukunyibilika kwe-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose kwizinyibilikisi ze-organic ukunyibilika kwe-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose kwizinyibilikisi ze-organic nakho kungcono kune-methylcellulose. I-Methylcellulose idinga ukuba ne-methoxyl substitution degree ye-2.1 Le mveliso ingentla, kodwa iqulethe i-hydroxypropyl MS = 1.5 ~ 1.8 kunye ne-methoxy DS=0.2 ~ 1.0, i-high-viscosity hydroxypropyl methylcellulose kunye neqondo elipheleleyo lokutshintshwa kwe-1.8 i-methanol hydrosol kunye ne-methanos enyibilikisiweyo thermos-plasticity kunye nokunyibilika kwamanzi. Ikwanyibilika kwiihydrocarbon eziklorini ezifana ne-methylene chloride kunye ne-chloroform, kunye ne-solvents eziphilayo ezifana ne-acetone, isopropanol kunye ne-diacetone alcohol. Ukunyibilika kwayo kwizinyibilikisi zendalo kubhetele kunonyibiliko lwamanzi.
(2) Izinto ezichaphazela i-Viscosity ye-Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose Ukumiselwa kwe-viscosity esemgangathweni ye-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose iyafana nenye i-cellulose ethers. Ilinganiswa kwi-20 ° C kunye ne-2% yesisombululo esimanzi njengomgangatho. I-viscosity yemveliso efanayo iyanda ngokunyuka koxinzelelo. Kwiimveliso ezinobunzima obuhlukeneyo beemolekyuli kwinqanaba elifanayo, imveliso enobunzima obukhulu be-molecular ine-viscosity ephezulu. Ubudlelwane bayo kunye nobushushu bufana ne-methyl cellulose. Xa iqondo lokushisa liphakama, i-viscosity iqala ukuhla, kodwa xa ifikelela kwiqondo lokushisa elithile, i-viscosity iphakama ngokukhawuleza kwaye i-gelation iyenzeka. Ubushushu be-gel yeemveliso ezisezantsi ze-viscosity ziphezulu. iphezulu. I-gel point yayo ayihambelani kuphela ne-viscosity ye-ether, kodwa ihambelana nomlinganiselo wokubunjwa kweqela le-methoxyl kunye neqela le-hydroxypropyl kwi-ether kunye nobukhulu be-degree substitution degree. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba i-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose nayo i-pseudoplastic, kwaye isisombululo sayo sizinzile kwiqondo lokushisa ngaphandle kokuthotywa kwe-viscosity ngaphandle kokuba kunokwenzeka ukuchithwa kwe-enzymatic.
(3) Ukunyamezela ityuwa ye-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Ekubeni i-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose i-ether engekho i-ionic, ayinayo i-ionized kumajelo amanzi, ngokungafaniyo nezinye i-ionic cellulose ethers, ezifana ne-carboxymethyl Base cellulose, kwisisombululo sokusabela kunye ne-ion zensimbi ezinzima kunye ne-precipitate. Iityuwa eziqhelekileyo ezifana ne-chloride, i-bromide, i-phosphate, i-nitrate, njl njl. aziyi kudlula xa zifakwe kwisisombululo sayo samanzi. Nangona kunjalo, ukongezwa kwetyuwa kunefuthe elithile kubushushu be-flocculation yesisombululo sayo esinamanzi. Xa i-concentration yetyuwa inyuka, ukushisa kwe-gel kuyancipha. Xa i-concentration yetyuwa ingaphantsi kwendawo ye-flocculation, i-viscosity yesisombululo ivame ukunyuka. Ke ngoko, inani elithile letyuwa liyongezwa, ekusetyenzisweni, linokufikelela kwisiphumo sokuqina ngakumbi ngokwezoqoqosho. Ngoko ke, kwezinye izicelo, kungcono ukusebenzisa umxube we-cellulose ether kunye netyuwa kunomlinganiselo ophezulu wesisombululo se-ether ukufezekisa umphumo wokuqina.
(4) I-Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose acid kunye nokumelana ne-alkali I-Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ngokuqhelekileyo izinzile kwi-acids kunye ne-alkali, kwaye ayichaphazeleki kwi-pH 2 ~ 12. Iyakwazi ukumelana nomlinganiselo othile we-asidi yokukhanya, Njenge-formic acid, i-acetic acid, i-citric acid, i-succinic acid, i-phosphoric acid, i-boric acid, njl. I-alkalis ezifana ne-caustic soda, i-caustic potash kunye namanzi ekalika ayinamphumo kuyo, kodwa inokunyusa kancinane i-viscosity yesisombululo, kwaye iyancipha ngokukhawuleza.
(5) I-Miscibility ye-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose isisombululo se-Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose sinokuxutywa kunye ne-polymer compounds e-soluble yamanzi ukuze ibe yisisombululo esifanayo kunye neselubala kunye ne-viscosity ephezulu. Ezi zixhobo ze-polymer ziquka i-polyethylene glycol, i-polyvinyl acetate, i-polysilicone, i-polymethylvinyl siloxane, i-hydroxyethyl cellulose, kunye ne-methyl cellulose. Iikhompawundi zendalo eziphezulu zemolekyuli ezifana nentlaka ye-arabic, itshungama yembotyi yeenkumbi, i-karaya gum, njl. IHydroxypropyl methylcellulose ingaxutywa nemannitol ester okanye isorbitol ester ye stearic acid okanye palmitic acid, kwaye ingaxutywa ne glycerin, sorbitol kunye ne mannitol, kwaye ezi khompawundi zingasetyenziswa njenge hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Plasticizer ye cellulose.
(6) Ukunyibilika emanzini okunganyibilikiyoi-cellulose ethersye-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose inokuqhuba i-surface cross-linking kunye ne-aldehydes, ukuze ezi ethers ezinyibilikayo emanzini zifakwe kwisisombululo kwaye zinganyibiliki emanzini. I-aldehydes eyenza i-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose i-insoluble iquka i-formaldehyde, i-glyoxal, i-succinic aldehyde, i-adipaldehyde, njl njl. Xa usebenzisa i-formaldehyde, ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kufuneka ihlawulwe kwixabiso le-pH yesisombululo, phakathi kwayo i-glyoxal isabela ngokukhawuleza, ngoko ke i-glyoxal isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo njenge-industrial linking production. Umlinganiselo wolu hlobo lwe-agent edibeneyo kwisisombululo ngu-0.2% ~ 10% yobunzima be-ether, ngokukhethekileyo i-7% ~ 10%, umzekelo, i-3.3% ~ 6% ye-glyoxal iyona nto ifanelekileyo. Ngokubanzi, ubushushu bonyango yi-0 ~ 30℃, kwaye ixesha yi-1 ~ 120min. Ukusabela kwe-crosslinking kufuneka kuqhutywe phantsi kweemeko ze-acidic. Ngokubanzi, i-pH yesisombululo ilungelelaniswa malunga ne-2 ~ 6 ngokudibanisa i-asidi eqinile ye-inorganic okanye i-organic carboxylic acid kwisisombululo, ngokukhethekileyo phakathi kwe-4 ~ 6, kwaye i-aldehydes idityaniswe ukwenza i-crosslinking reaction. I-asidi esetyenzisiweyo ine-asidi ye-hydrochloric, i-asidi ye-sulfuric, i-asidi ye-phosphoric, i-asidi ye-fomic, i-acetic acid, i-hydroxy-acetic acid, i-succinic acid okanye i-citric acid njl., apho i-formic acid okanye i-acetic acid iyacetyiswa, kwaye i-asidi ye-formic ilungile. I-asidi kunye ne-aldehyde nayo inokongezwa ngaxeshanye ukuvumela isisombululo ukuba singene kwi-reaction cross-linking reaction ngaphakathi koluhlu olufunwayo lwe-pH. Le mpendulo idla ngokusetyenziswa kwinkqubo yonyango yokugqibela kwinkqubo yokulungiselela i-cellulose ethers. Emva kokuba i-ether cellulose inganyibiliki, kulula ukuyisebenzisa.
20 ~ 25℃ amanzi okuhlamba kunye nokucoca. Xa imveliso isetyenziswa, izinto ze-alkali zingongezwa kwisisombululo semveliso ukulungisa i-pH yesisombululo ukuba ibe yi-alkaline, kwaye imveliso iya kuchithwa kwisisombululo ngokukhawuleza. Le ndlela iphinda isetyenziswe kunyango lwefilimu emva kokuba isisombululo se-cellulose ether senziwe kwifilimu ukuze senze ifilimu engenakunyibilika.
7 ikhonkco alifani ngokwaneleyo, kwaye i-microorganisms inokutshabalalisa kwiqela elingatshintshiyo le-anhydroglucose ukwenza iishukela, njengezondlo ze-microorganisms ukuba zifunxe. Ke ngoko, ukuba iqondo le-etherification endaweni yeselulosi liyenyuka, ukuchasana nokukhukuliseka kwe-enzymatic ye-cellulose ether kuya kwanda. Ngokweengxelo, phantsi kweemeko ezilawulwayo, iziphumo ze-hydrolysis ze-enzymes ezenziwe, i-viscosity eseleyo ye-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (DS = 1.9) yi-13.2%, i-methylcellulose (DS = 1.83) yi-7.3%, i-methylcellulose (DS = 1.66) yi-3.8 hydroxyethyl, i-cellulose 3.8%. Ingabonwa ukuba i-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose inamandla okulwa ne-enzyme. Ngoko ke, ukuchasana kwe-enzyme egqwesileyo ye-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, idibaniswe ne-dispersibility yayo efanelekileyo, i-thickening kunye ne-film-forming properties, isetyenziswe kwiingubo ze-emulsion yamanzi, njl., kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo ayifuni ukongeza i-preservatives. Nangona kunjalo, ukugcinwa kwexesha elide lesisombululo okanye ukungcoliseka okunokwenzeka okuvela ngaphandle, izilondolozo zinokongezwa njengento yokukhusela, kwaye ukhetho lunokumiselwa ngokweemfuno zokugqibela zesisombululo. I-Phenylmercuric acetate kunye ne-manganese fluorosilicate zizigcini ezisebenzayo, kodwa zonke zineToxicity, ingqwalasela kufuneka ihlawulwe ekusebenzeni. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-1 ~ 5mg ye-phenylmercury acetate inokongezwa kwisisombululo kwilitha yedosi.
(8) Ukusebenza kweihydroxypropyl methylcelluloseifilimu iHydroxypropyl methylcellulose ineempawu ezibalaseleyo zokwenza ifilim. Isisombululo saso samanzi okanye isisombululo se-solvent se-organic sifakwe kwipleyiti yeglasi, kwaye ayibabala kwaye ibonakale emva kokumisa. Kwaye ifilimu enzima. Inokumelana nokufuma okuhle kwaye ihlala yomelele kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu. Ukuba iplastiki ye-hygroscopic yongezwa, ukunyuswa kwayo kunye nokuguquguquka kwayo kunokwandiswa. Ngokumalunga nokuphucula ukuguquguquka, iiplastiki ezifana ne-glycerin kunye ne-sorbitol zizona zifanelekileyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-concentration yesisombululo yi-2% ~ 3%, kwaye inani le-plasticizer yi-10% ~ 20% ye-cellulose ether. Ukuba umxholo we-plasticizer uphezulu kakhulu, i-colloidal dehydration shrinkage iya kwenzeka kumswakama ophezulu. Amandla obunzima befilimu ene-plasticizer eyongeziweyo inkulu kakhulu kunokuba ngaphandle kweplastiki, kwaye iyanda ngokunyuka kwexabiso elongezelelweyo. Ngokuphathelele i-hygroscopicity yefilimu, iphinda inyuke ngokunyuka kwenani le-plasticizer.
Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-25-2024