Umgubo wePutty uqulunqwe ikakhulu ngezinto ezenza ifilim (izinto ezibophelelayo), izihluzi, iiarhente zokugcina amanzi, i-thickeners, defoamers, njl njl. Izinto eziqhelekileyo zekhemikhali ekrwada kwi-putty powder zibandakanya ikakhulu: i-cellulose, isitashi se-pregelatinized, isitashi se-ether, i-polyvinyl alcohol, i-disperible latex powder, njl njl.
I-1: Inkcazo kunye nokwahlukana kwefiber, i-cellulose kunye ne-cellulose ether
IFayibha (US: Ifayibha; IsiNgesi: Ifayibha) ibhekisa kwinto eyenziwe yimicu eqhubekayo okanye engaqhubekiyo. Njengefayibha yezityalo, iinwele zezilwanyana, ifayibha yesilika, ifayibha yokwenziwa, njl.
I-Cellulose yi-macromolecular polysaccharide eyenziwe yi-glucose kwaye iyona nxalenye yesakhiwo seendonga zeeseli zesityalo. Kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi, iselulosi ayinyibiliki emanzini okanye kwizinyibilikisi eziqhelekileyo eziphilayo. Umxholo we-cellulose wekotoni usondele kwi-100%, okwenza kube ngumthombo wendalo ococekileyo we-cellulose. Ngokhuni ngokubanzi, i-cellulose i-akhawunti ye-40-50%, kwaye kukho i-10-30% ye-hemicellulose kunye ne-20-30% ye-lignin. Umahluko phakathi kweselulosi (ekunene) kunye nesitatshi (ekhohlo):
Ngokuqhelekileyo, zombini isitashi kunye ne-cellulose yi-macromolecular polysaccharides, kwaye i-molecular formula ingabonakaliswa njenge (C6H10O5) n. Ubunzima bemolekyuli ye-cellulose bukhulu kunobo besitatshi, kwaye i-cellulose inokubola ukuze ivelise isitashi. I-cellulose yi-D-glucose kunye ne-β-1,4 glycoside I-polysaccharides ye-Macromolecular eyakhiwe ngamabhondi, ngelixa isitashi senziwa yi-α-1,4 glycosidic bonds. I-Cellulose ngokuqhelekileyo ayinayo i-branched, kodwa isitashi sifakwe kwi-1,6 glycosidic bonds. I-cellulose ayinyibiliki kakuhle emanzini, ngelixa isitashi sinyibilika emanzini ashushu. I-Cellulose ayinamvakalelo kwi-amylase kwaye ayijiki luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka xa isesichengeni se-iodine.
Igama lesiNgesi le-cellulose ether yi-cellulose ether, eyikhompawundi ye-polymer enesakhiwo se-ether esenziwe nge-cellulose. Yimveliso yokusabela kweekhemikhali zeselulosi (isityalo) kunye ne-etherification agent. Ngokutsho kokuhlelwa kweekhemikhali ze-substituent emva kwe-etherification, inokwahlulwa ibe yi-anionic, i-cationic kunye ne-nonionic ethers. Ngokuxhomekeke kwi-etherification agent esetyenzisiweyo, kukho i-methyl cellulose, i-hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose, i-carboxymethyl cellulose, i-ethyl cellulose, i-benzyl cellulose, i-hydroxyethyl cellulose, i-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose cellulose, i-cyanoethyl cellulose, i-benzyl cyanoethyl carulose cellulose i-cellulose, njl. Kwishishini lokwakha, i-cellulose ether ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-cellulose, igama elingaqhelekanga, kwaye libizwa ngokuba yi-cellulose (okanye i-ether) ngokuchanekileyo. Indlela yokujiya ye-cellulose ether thickener I-Cellulose ether thickener yinto engeyiyo i-ionic thickener, ethi ijiye ngakumbi ngokufakwa kwamanzi kunye nokubhijela phakathi kweeathom. Ikhonkco le-polymer ye-cellulose ether kulula ukwenza ibhondi ye-hydrogen ngamanzi emanzini, kwaye ibhondi ye-hydrogen yenza ukuba ibe ne-hydration ephezulu kunye ne-inter-molecular entanglement.
Xa i-cellulose ether thickener yongezwa kwipeyinti ye-latex, ithatha inani elikhulu lamanzi, ibangela ukuba umthamo wayo ukhule kakhulu, unciphisa indawo yamahhala yee-pigments, iifayili kunye neengqungquthela ze-latex; ngelo xesha, i-cellulose ether i-molecular chain chain idibene ukuze yenze i-network network structure, kunye nombala we-Fillers kunye ne-latex particles zifakwe phakathi kwe-mesh kwaye azikwazi ukuhamba ngokukhululekile. Ngaphantsi kwezi ziphumo zimbini, i-viscosity yenkqubo iphuculwe! Siphumelele isiphumo sokutyeba ebesifuna!
Iselulosi eqhelekileyo (ether): Ngokubanzi, iselulosi kwimarike ibhekisa kwihydroxypropyl, ihydroxyethyl isetyenziselwa ipeyinti, ipeyinti yelatex, kunye nehydroxypropyl methylcellulose isetyenziselwa udaka, putty kunye nezinye iimveliso. I-Carboxymethyl cellulose isetyenziselwa i-putty powder eqhelekileyo kwiindonga zangaphakathi. I-Carboxymethyl cellulose, ekwaziwa njenge-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, ekubhekiselwa kuyo njenge-(CMC): ICarboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) yi-non-toxic, i-flocculent powder emhlophe engenavumba kunye nokusebenza okuzinzileyo kwaye inyibilika lula emanzini. Ialkaline okanye ialkaline transparent viscous liquid, enyibilikayo kwezinye iiglues ezinyibilikayo emanzini kunye neeresini, ezinganyibilikiyo kwizinyibilikisi zezinto eziphilayo ezifana ne-ethanol. I-CMC ingasetyenziswa njenge-binder, i-thickener, i-agent yokumisa, i-emulsifier, i-dipersant, i-stabilizer, i-agent ye-sizing, njl njl. I-Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) yimveliso enemveliso enkulu, uluhlu olubanzi lokusetyenziswa, kunye nolona setyenziso olulula phakathi kwe-ethers ye-cellulose, eyaziwa ngokuba yi "industrial monosodium glutamate". I-Carboxymethyl cellulose inemisebenzi yokubopha, ukuqina, ukuqinisa, ukufakwa kwe-emulsifying, ukugcinwa kwamanzi kunye nokumiswa. 1. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose kwishishini lokutya: i-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose ayikho kuphela i-emulsification stabilizer efanelekileyo kunye ne-thickener kwizicelo zokutya, kodwa iphinde ibe neqhwa elihle kakhulu kunye nokuzinza kokunyibilika, kwaye inokuphucula I-flavour yemveliso yandisa ixesha lokugcina. 2. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose kumashishini amayeza: ingasetyenziselwa njenge-emulsion stabilizer ye-injection, i-binder kunye ne-agent-forming agent yeepilisi kwi-shishini lamachiza. 3. I-CMC ingasetyenziswa njenge-anti-setting agent, i-emulsifier, i-dispersant, i-agent yokulinganisa, kunye ne-adhesive for coatings. Inokwenza umxholo oqinileyo wokugquma usasazwe ngokulinganayo kwi-solvent, ukwenzela ukuba i-coating ingabikho ixesha elide. Ikwasetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwipeyinti. 4. I-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose ingasetyenziswa njenge-flocculant, i-agent ye-chelating, i-emulsifier, i-thickener, i-arhente yokugcina amanzi, i-agent ye-size, ifilimu yokwenza ifilimu, njl. amasimi, kwaye ithemba lemarike libanzi kakhulu. Imizekelo yesicelo: udonga lwangaphandle lwe-putty powder formula yangaphakathi eludongeni lwe-putty powder formula 1 Shuangfei powder: 600-650kg 1 Shuangfei powder: 1000kg 2 Isamente emhlophe: 400-350kg 2 isitashi se-Pregelatinized: 5-6kg 3 isitashi se-Pregelatinized: 5 -6kg10-3 CMC4HP. I-CMC: 10-15kg okanye HPMC2.5-3kg I-Putty powder yongeze i-carboxymethyl cellulose CMC, ukusebenza kwestatshi esele iselenziwe ngaphambili: ① Inokwazi ukutyeba ngokukhawuleza; ukusebenza kwebhondi, kunye nokugcinwa kwamanzi athile; ② Ukuphucula ikhono lokuchasa ukutyibilika (i-sagging) yezinto eziphathekayo, ukuphucula ukusebenza kwezinto eziphathekayo, kunye nokwenza umsebenzi ube lula; ukwandisa ixesha lokuvulwa kwezinto. ③ Emva kokumisa, umphezulu ugudile, awuweli kumgubo, uneempawu ezintle zokwenza ifilimu kwaye akukho mikrwelo. ④ Okubaluleke ngakumbi, idosi encinci, kwaye idosi ephantsi kakhulu inokufezekisa umphumo ophezulu; ngelo xesha, iindleko zokuvelisa ziyancipha malunga ne-10-20%. Kushishino lokwakha, i-CMC isetyenziswa ekuveliseni iipreforms zekhonkrithi, ezinokuthi zinciphise ilahleko yamanzi kwaye zisebenze njenge-retarder. Nangona ukwakhiwa okukhulu, kunokuphucula amandla ekhonkrithi kwaye kuququzelele i-preforms ukuba ziwe kwi-membrane. Enye injongo ephambili kukukrazula udonga olumhlophe kunye ne-putty powder, i-putty paste, enokugcina izinto ezininzi zokwakha kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wokukhusela kunye nokukhanya kodonga. IHydroxyethyl methylcellulose, ekubhekiselwa kuyo njenge (HEC): ifomula yemichiza:
1. Intshayelelo kwi-cellulose ye-hydroxyethyl: I-Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) yi-ether ye-cellulose engekho i-ionic eyenziwe kwi-cellulose yezinto ze-polymer yendalo ngokusebenzisa uchungechunge lweenkqubo zemichiza. Ayinavumba, ingenancasa, i-powder emhlophe engenatyhefu okanye i-granule, enokuthi inyibilike emanzini abandayo ukwenza isisombululo se-viscous esicacileyo, kwaye ukuchithwa akuchaphazeli ixabiso le-pH. Inokuqina, ukubopha, ukusabalalisa, i-emulsifying, ifilimu-ifom, ukumisa, i-adsorbing, i-surface esebenzayo, igcina ukufuma kunye neempawu zetyuwa.
2. Iimpawu zobuchwephesha Umgangatho weProjekthi Ukubonakala koMhlophe okanye umgubo ophuzi Ukutshintshwa kweMolar (MS) 1.8-2.8 Umbandela onganyibilikiyo wamanzi (%) ≤ 0.5 Ilahleko ekomisweni (WT%) ≤ 5.0 Intsalela ekutshiseni (WT%) ≤ 5.0 PH ixabiso 6.0-Pasity 2%. 30000, 60000, 100000 isisombululo se-aqueous kwi-20 ° C Ezintathu, iingenelo ze-hydroxyethyl cellulose Isiphumo esiphezulu sokuqina
● I-cellulose ye-Hydroxyethyl ibonelela ngeempawu ezigqwesileyo zokugquma kwiingubo ze-latex, ngokukodwa iingubo eziphezulu ze-PVA. Akukho flocculation eyenzekayo xa ipeyinti iyisakhiwo esityebileyo.
● Iselulosi yeHydroxyethyl inefuthe eliphezulu lokujiya. Inokunciphisa umthamo, iphucule uqoqosho lwefomula, kwaye iphucule ukuxhathisa ukukhuhla kwengubo.
Iimpawu ezigqwesileyo ze-rheological
● Isisombululo samanzi se-hydroxyethyl cellulose yinkqubo engeyiyo ye-Newtonian, kwaye ipropati yesisombululo sayo ibizwa ngokuba yi-thixotropy.
● Kwimeko ye-static, emva kokuba imveliso ichithwe ngokupheleleyo, inkqubo yokwambathisa igcina eyona nto ibhetele yokuqina kunye nokuvula.
● Kwimeko yokuthulula, inkqubo igcina i-viscosity ephakathi, ukwenzela ukuba imveliso ibe ne-fluidity egqwesileyo kwaye ayiyi kutshiza.
● Xa isetyenziswe ngebrashi kunye ne-roller, imveliso isasazeka ngokulula kwi-substrate. Ikulungele ukwakhiwa. Kwangaxeshanye, inokumelana kakuhle nokuchaphaza.
● Ekugqibeleni, emva kokuba i-coating igqityiwe, i-viscosity yenkqubo iphinda ibuyele ngokukhawuleza, kwaye i-coating iyancipha ngokukhawuleza.
I-Dispersibility kunye nokunyibilika
● I-Hydroxyethyl cellulose iphathwa ngokuchithwa kokulibaziseka, okunokuthintela ngokufanelekileyo i-agglomeration xa umgubo owomileyo wongezwa. Emva kokuqinisekisa ukuba i-HEC powder ihlakazeke kakuhle, qalisa i-hydration.
● I-cellulose ye-Hydroxyethyl ngonyango olufanelekileyo lomphezulu inokulungelelanisa izinga lokuchithwa kunye nesantya sokwandisa i-viscosity yemveliso.
uzinzo lokugcina
● I-Hydroxyethyl cellulose ineempawu ezilungileyo zokulwa nokukhunda kwaye inika ixesha elaneleyo lokugcina ipeyinti. Ikhusela ngokufanelekileyo ii-pigments kunye nezihluzi ekuzinziseni. 4. Indlela yokusebenzisa: (1) Yongeza ngokuthe ngqo ngexesha lemveliso Le ndlela yeyona ilula kwaye ithatha ixesha elifutshane. La manyathelo alandelayo: 1. Yongeza amanzi acocekileyo kwi-emele enkulu enesixhobo sokucheba esiphakamileyo. 2. Qala ukuvuselela ngokuqhubekayo ngesantya esiphantsi kwaye usihluze ngokukhawuleza i-hydroxyethyl cellulose kwisisombululo ngokulinganayo. 3. Qhubeka uvuselela de onke amaqhekeza afakwe emanzini. 4. Emva koko yongeza i-agent ye-antifungal kunye nezongezo ezahlukeneyo. Ezifana nee-pigments, ii-aids zokusabalalisa, amanzi e-ammonia, njl. 5. Gxuma de yonke i-cellulose ye-hydroxyethyl ichithwe ngokupheleleyo (i-viscosity yesisombululo iyanda kakhulu) ngaphambi kokuba ungeze amanye amacandelo kwifomula yokusabela. (2) Lungisa utywala bukamama ukuze busetyenziswe: Le ndlela kukulungisa utywala bukamama obunomlinganiselo ophakamileyo kuqala, uze ubongeze kwimveliso. Inzuzo yale ndlela kukuba inokuguquguquka okukhulu kwaye inokongezwa ngokuthe ngqo kwimveliso egqityiweyo, kodwa kufuneka igcinwe ngokufanelekileyo. Amanyathelo afana namanyathelo (1-4) kwindlela (1): umehluko kukuba akukho-high-shear agitator efunekayo, kuphela ezinye ii-agitators ezinamandla ngokwaneleyo ukugcina i-hydroxyethyl cellulose ihlakazeke ngokufanayo kwisisombululo, qhubeka uvuselela de uchithe ngokupheleleyo kwisisombululo se-viscous. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba i-agent ye-antifungal kufuneka yongezwe kumama otywala ngokukhawuleza. V. Isicelo 1. Isetyenziswe kwipeyinti ye-latex yamanzi: i-HEC, njenge-colloid ekhuselayo, ingasetyenziselwa kwi-vinyl acetate emulsion polymerization ukuphucula ukuzinza kwenkqubo ye-polymerization kwiindidi ezininzi ze-pH. Ekwenziweni kweemveliso ezigqityiweyo, izongezo ezinje ngebala kunye nezihluzi zisetyenziselwa ukusabalalisa ngokufanayo, ukuzinzisa kunye nokubonelela ngeziphumo zokuqina. Isenokusetyenziswa njenge-dispersant kwiipolymers ezimisiweyo ezifana ne-styrene, i-acrylate, kunye ne-propylene. Ukusetyenziswa kwipeyinti ye-latex kunokuphucula kakhulu ukutyeba kunye nokusebenza komgangatho. 2. Ngokubhekiselele kwi-oyile yokugaya: i-HEC isetyenziswe njenge-thickener kwiidaka ezahlukeneyo ezifunekayo ekubhobhozeni, ukulungiswa kakuhle, ukusebenza kwe-cementing kunye ne-fracturing, ukwenzela ukuba udaka lukwazi ukufumana i-fluidity enhle kunye nokuzinza. Ukuphucula umthamo wokuthwala udaka ngexesha lokugaya, kwaye uthintele umthamo omkhulu wamanzi ukuba ungangeni kwi-oyile ye-oyile ukusuka eludakeni, uzinzise amandla okuvelisa i-oyile. 3. Isetyenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo kunye nezixhobo zokwakha: Ngenxa yokugcinwa kwamanzi okunamandla, i-HEC i-thickener esebenzayo kunye ne-binder ye-samente slurry kunye nodaka. Inokuxutywa kwidaka ukuphucula ulwelo kunye nokusebenza kokwakhiwa, kunye nokwandisa ixesha lokunyuka kwamanzi , Ukuphucula amandla okuqala ekhonkrithi kwaye ugweme ukuqhekeka. Inokuphucula ngokubonakalayo ukugcinwa kwayo kwamanzi kunye namandla okudibanisa xa isetyenziselwa ukutyabeka, i-plaster yokudibanisa, kunye ne-plaster putty. 4. Isetyenziswe kwi-toothpaste: ngenxa yokumelana kwayo netyuwa kunye ne-asidi, i-HEC inokuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwe-toothpaste. Ukongezelela, i-toothpaste ayilula ukomisa ngenxa yokugcinwa kwamanzi okunamandla kunye nokukwazi ukumisa. 5. Xa isetyenziswe kwi-inki esekelwe emanzini, i-HEC inokwenza i-inki yome ngokukhawuleza kwaye ingabonakali. Ukongeza, i-HEC isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kushicilelo lwelaphu kunye nokudaya, ukwenza iphepha, iikhemikhali zemihla ngemihla njalo njalo. 6. Izilumkiso zokusebenzisa i-HEC: a. Hygroscopicity: Zonke iintlobo ze-hydroxyethyl cellulose HEC ziyi-hygroscopic. Isiqulatho samanzi ngokuqhelekileyo singaphantsi kwe-5% xa ushiya umzi-mveliso, kodwa ngenxa yeendawo ezahlukeneyo zokuhamba kunye nokugcinwa, umthamo wamanzi uya kuba phezulu kunaxa ushiya umzi-mveliso. Xa uyisebenzisa, vele ulinganise umxholo wamanzi kwaye ukhuphe ubunzima bamanzi xa ubala. Musa ukuyibonisa emoyeni. b. I-powder yothuli iyaqhuma: ukuba zonke ii powders eziphilayo kunye ne-hydroxyethyl cellulose powder powder zisemoyeni kwinqanaba elithile, ziya kuqhushumba xa zidibana nendawo yomlilo. Ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kufuneka kwenziwe ukuphepha umgubo wothuli emoyeni kangangoko kunokwenzeka. 7. Iimpawu zokupakisha: Imveliso yenziwe ngengxowa yeplastiki yeplastiki ehlanganiswe ne-polyethylene yangaphakathi, kunye nobunzima be-25 kg. Gcina kwindawo enomoya kunye neyomileyo ngaphakathi kwindlu xa ugcina, kwaye ubeke ingqalelo kumswakama. Nika ingqalelo kwimvula kunye nokukhuselwa kwelanga ngexesha lokuthutha. IHydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, ekubhekiselwa kuyo njenge (HPMC): i-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) ayinavumba, ayinancasa, ayinatyhefu, kukho iindidi ezimbini zomgubo okhawulezayo nongaphazamisiyo, okhawulezileyo, Xa udibana namanzi abandayo, uchithakala ngokukhawuleza kwaye unyamalale emanzini. Ngeli xesha, i-liquid ayinayo i-viscosity. Emva kwemizuzu emi-2, i-viscosity ye-liquid iyanda, yenza i-colloid ebonakalayo ebonakalayo. Uhlobo olungekho ngoko nangoko: Inokusetyenziswa kuphela kwiimveliso zomgubo owomileyo ezifana nomgubo weputty kunye nodaka lwesamente. Ayinakusetyenziswa kwiglue yolwelo kunye nepeyinti, kwaye kuya kubakho i-clumping.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-26-2022