IHydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)yikhompawundi yepolymer enyibilikayo emanzini edla ngokusetyenziswa kwimizi-mveliso neyonyango, kwaye inoluhlu olubanzi lwexabiso lezicelo, ezifana nokukhutshwa okulawulwa ngamachiza, ukwenziwa kokutya kunye nezinto zokwakha. Ukuphendulwa kweekhemikhali kwinkqubo yayo yokuvundisa kuhambelana ikakhulu nokuthotywa kunye nokuguqulwa kweselulosi kunye nemisebenzi ye-metabolic ye-microorganisms. Ukuze siqonde ngcono ukuphendula kweekhemikhali ze-HPMC kwinkqubo yokuvundisa, kufuneka siqale siqonde ubume bayo obusisiseko kunye nenkqubo yokuthotywa kweselulosi.
1. Isakhiwo esisisiseko kunye neepropati ze-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
I-HPMC iphuma kwi-derivative efunyenwe ngokuguqulwa kweekhemikhali ze-cellulose yendalo (Cellulose). Umqolo wekhonkco yayo ye-molecular i-molecule ye-glucose (C6H12O6) exhunywe yi-β-1,4 glycosidic bonds. I-Cellulose ngokwayo inzima ukuyichitha emanzini, kodwa ngokuzisa i-methyl (-OCH3) kunye namaqela e-hydroxypropyl (-C3H7OH), ukunyibilika kwayo kwamanzi kunokuphuculwa kakhulu ukwenza i-polymer e-soluble. Inkqubo yokuguqulwa kwe-HPMC ngokubanzi ibandakanya ukusabela kwe-cellulose nge-methyl chloride (CH3Cl) kunye ne-propylene alcohol (C3H6O) phantsi kweemeko ze-alkaline, kwaye imveliso ephumayo ine-hydrophilicity enamandla kunye ne-solubility.
2. Ukuphendulwa kweekhemikhali ngexesha lokuvutshelwa
Inkqubo yokubila kwe-HPMC idla ngokuxhomekeke kwisenzo se-microorganisms, esebenzisa i-HPMC njengomthombo wekhabhoni kunye nomthombo wesondlo. Inkqubo yokubila kwe-HPMC ibandakanya ezi zigaba zilandelayo:
2.1. Ukuthotywa kweHPMC
I-Cellulose ngokwayo iqulunqwe ngeeyunithi ze-glucose ezidibeneyo, kwaye i-HPMC iya kuthotywa yi-microorganisms ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvutshelwa, iqale ukubola kwiishukela ezincinci ezisebenzisekayo (ezifana ne-glucose, i-xylose, njl.). Le nkqubo idla ngokubandakanya isenzo see-enzyme ezininzi ezithob' isidima seselulosi. Iimpendulo eziphambili zokuthotywa zibandakanya:
I-cellulose hydrolysis reaction: Iibhondi ze-β-1,4 ze-glycosidic kwii-molecule ze-cellulose ziya kuphulwa nge-cellulose hydrolases (ezifana ne-cellulase, i-endocellulase), ukuvelisa amakhonkco amafutshane eswekile (njenge-oligosaccharides, i-disaccharides, njl.). Ezi swekile ziya kuphinda zenziwe i-metabolized kwaye zisetyenziswe yi-microorganisms.
I-Hydrolysis kunye nokuthotywa kwe-HPMC: I-methyl kunye ne-hydroxypropyl substituents kwi-molecule ye-HPMC iya kususwa ngokuyinxenye yi-hydrolysis. Indlela ethile yokusabela kwe-hydrolysis ayikaqondwa ngokupheleleyo, kodwa kunokucingelwa ukuba kwindawo yokuvubela, ukusabela kwe-hydrolysis kwenziwa yi-enzymes ekhutshelwe yi-microorganisms (efana ne-hydroxyl esterase). Le nkqubo ikhokelela ekuphuhlisweni kwamaketanga eemolekyuli ze-HPMC kunye nokususwa kwamaqela asebenzayo, ekugqibeleni yenze iimolekyuli ezincinci zeswekile.
2.2. Ukusabela kwe-Microbial metabolic
Nje ukuba i-HPMC ithotywe ibe ziimolekyuli zeswekile ezincinci, ii-microorganisms ziyakwazi ukuguqula ezi swekile zibe ngamandla ngokusabela kwe-enzymatic. Ngokukodwa, ii-microorganisms zibola i-glucose kwi-ethanol, i-lactic acid okanye ezinye i-metabolites ngokusebenzisa iindlela zokuvutshelwa. Iimicroorganisms ezahlukeneyo zinokusebenzisa imveliso yokuthotywa kweHPMC ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Iindlela eziqhelekileyo zemetabolism ziquka:
Indlela ye-Glycolysis: I-Glucose ichithwa kwi-pyruvate ngama-enzymes kwaye iguqulelwe ngakumbi ibe amandla (ATP) kunye ne-metabolites (njenge-lactic acid, i-ethanol, njl.).
Ukuveliswa kwemveliso ye-Fermentation: Ngaphantsi kweemeko ze-anaerobic okanye i-hypoxic, i-microorganisms iguqula i-glucose okanye iimveliso zayo zokunciphisa i-acids eziphilayo ezifana ne-ethanol, i-lactic acid, i-acetic acid, njl. ngokusebenzisa iindlela zokuvutshelwa, ezisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zoshishino.
2.3. Ukusabela kwe-redox
Ngexesha lenkqubo yokubilisa ye-HPMC, ezinye ii-microorganisms zinokuphinda ziguqule iimveliso eziphakathi ngokusabela kwe-redox. Ngokomzekelo, inkqubo yokuvelisa i-ethanol ihamba kunye nokuphendula kwe-redox, i-glucose i-oxidized ukuvelisa i-pyruvate, kwaye i-pyruvate iguqulwa ibe yi-ethanol ngokuphendula kokunciphisa. Ezi ntshukumo zibalulekile ekugcineni ulungelelwaniso lwemetabolism yeeseli.
3. Ukulawula izinto kwinkqubo yokuvutshelwa
Ngexesha lenkqubo yokubilisa ye-HPMC, izinto zokusingqongileyo zinempembelelo ebalulekileyo kwiikhemikhali. Ngokomzekelo, i-pH, ubushushu, umxholo we-oksijini onyibilikileyo, ukugxininiswa komthombo wezondlo, njl.njl. kuya kuchaphazela izinga le-metabolic ye-microorganisms kunye nohlobo lweemveliso. Ngokukodwa ubushushu kunye ne-pH, umsebenzi wee-enzymes ze-microbial zinokwahluka kakhulu phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zobushushu kunye ne-pH, ngoko ke kuyimfuneko ukulawula ngokuchanekileyo iimeko zokubilisa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthotywa kwe-HPMC kunye nenkqubela phambili yenkqubo ye-metabolic ye-microorganisms.
Inkqubo yokubila kweHPMCibandakanya ukuphendulwa kweekhemikhali ezintsonkothileyo, kubandakanywa i-hydrolysis ye-cellulose, ukuthotywa kwe-HPMC, i-metabolism yeswekile, kunye nokuveliswa kweemveliso zokuvutshelwa. Ukuqonda ezi mpendulo akuncedi nje kuphela ukukhulisa inkqubo yokubila kweHPMC, kodwa ikwabonelela ngenkxaso yethiyori kwimveliso yemizi-mveliso enxulumeneyo. Ngokunzulu kophando, iindlela ezisebenzayo kunye nezoqoqosho zokuvutshelwa zinokuthi ziphuhliswe kwixesha elizayo ukuphucula ukuthotywa kwe-HPMC kunye nemveliso yeemveliso, kunye nokukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwe-HPMC kwi-biotransformation, ukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo kunye nezinye iinkalo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Feb-17-2025