ICarboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) yipolymer enyibilikayo emanzini ephuma kwiselulosi, eqhele ukusetyenziswa kumashishini awohlukeneyo ngenxa yokujiya, ukuzinzisa, kunye neempawu zokumilisela. I-viscosity ephezulu ye-CMC (CMC-HV) ngokukodwa ineempawu ezizodwa ezenza ukuba zibe luncedo kwizicelo ezinxulumene ne-petroleum.
1. Ubume beMichiza kunye noKuqulunqwa
I-CMC iveliswa kukuguqulwa kweekhemikhali zeselulosi, ipholima yendalo efumaneka kwiindonga zeeseli zesityalo. Inkqubo ibandakanya ukuqaliswa kwamaqela e-carboxymethyl (-CH2-COOH) kwi-backbone ye-cellulose, eyenza i-cellulose i-soluble emanzini. Iqondo lokuthatha indawo (DS), elibhekiselele kumndilili wenani lamaqela e-carboxymethyl ngeyunithi ye-anhydroglucose kwi-molecule ye-cellulose, ichaphazela kakhulu iipropati ze-CMC. I-Petroleum grade high viscosity CMC idla ngokuba ne-DS ephezulu, ephucula ukunyibilika kwayo kwamanzi kunye nokubonakala kwayo.
2. I-Viscosity ephezulu
Uphawu oluchazayo lwe-CMC-HV yi-viscosity yayo ephezulu xa inyibilikiswa emanzini. I-Viscosity ngumlinganiselo wokuxhathisa kolwelo ukuhamba, kunye ne-viscosity ephezulu ye-CMC yenza isisombululo esityebileyo, esifana nejeli nakwizigxina eziphantsi. Le propati ibalulekile kwizicelo zepetroleum apho i-CMC-HV isetyenziselwa ukuguqula iipropati ze-rheological zolwelo lokomba kunye nezinye iifomyula. I-viscosity ephezulu iqinisekisa ukumiswa okusebenzayo kwezinto eziqinileyo, ukuthambisa okungcono, kunye nokuphucula ukuzinza kodaka lokomba.
3. Ukunyibilika kwamanzi
I-CMC-HV inyibilika kakhulu emanzini, eyona mfuno iphambili yokusetyenziswa kwayo kushishino lwepetroleum. Xa ifakwe kwimiqulu esekelwe kumanzi, ikhawuleza i-hydrates kwaye ichithe, yenza isisombululo esilinganayo. Oku kunyibilika kubalulekile kulungiselelo olufanelekileyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kolwelo lokomba, i-slurries yesamente, kunye nolwelo olugqityiweyo kwimisebenzi yepetroleum.
4. Ukuzinza kweThermal
Imisebenzi yePetroleum ihlala ibandakanya iindawo ezinobushushu obuphezulu, kwaye uzinzo lwe-thermal ye-CMC-HV lubalulekile. Eli bakala le-CMC lenzelwe ukugcina i-viscosity kunye nokusebenza phantsi kwamaqondo obushushu aphakamileyo, ngokuqhelekileyo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-150 ° C (302 ° F). Oku kuzinza kwe-thermal kuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuhambelanayo kwi-high-temperature drilling kunye neenkqubo zokuvelisa, ukuthintela ukuthotywa kunye nokulahlekelwa kwezakhiwo.
5. pH Ukuzinza
I-CMC-HV ibonisa uzinzo olulungileyo kuluhlu olubanzi lwe-pH, ngokuqhelekileyo ukusuka kwi-4 ukuya kwi-11. Olu uzinzo lwe-pH lubalulekile kuba ulwelo lokugrumba kunye neminye imixube enxulumene nepetroleum inokuhlangabezana neemeko ze-pH ezahlukeneyo. Ukugcina i-viscosity kunye nokusebenza kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ze-pH kuqinisekisa ukusebenza kunye nokuthembeka kwe-CMC-HV kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza.
6. Ukunyamezela iTyuwa
Kwizicelo zepetroleum, ulwelo luhlala ludibana neetyuwa ezahlukeneyo kunye ne-electrolytes. I-CMC-HV iqulunqwe ukuba ibe nokunyamezela kwiimeko ezinjalo, igcine i-viscosity yayo kunye neempawu ezisebenzayo phambi kweetyuwa. Oku kunyamezelwa kwetyuwa kunenzuzo ngakumbi ekugrunjweni ngaphandle kwe-offshore kunye neminye imisebenzi apho iimeko ze-saline zixhaphake.
7. Ukulawulwa koHlelo
Omnye wemisebenzi ephambili ye-CMC-HV kulwelo lokomba kukulawula ilahleko yolwelo, eyaziwa ngokuba lulawulo lokuhluza. Xa isetyenziselwa ukugrumba udaka, i-CMC-HV inceda ukwenza ikeyiki ecekethekileyo, engagxumekiyo yokuhluza kwiindonga zequla, ukuthintela ukulahleka kolwelo olugqithisileyo ekubunjweni kwayo. Olu lawulo lokucoca lubalulekile ekugcineni uzinzo lwe-wellbore kunye nokuthintela umonakalo wokwakheka.
8. I-Biodegradability kunye ne-Environmental Impact
Njengokhetho oluthathela ingqalelo indalo esingqongileyo, i-CMC-HV iyabola kwaye ithathwe kwimithombo ehlaziyekayo. I-biodegradability yayo ithetha ukuba yophuka ngokwendalo ngokuhamba kwexesha, inciphisa impembelelo yokusingqongileyo xa kuthelekiswa neepolima zokwenziwa. Olu phawu luya lubaluleke ngakumbi njengoko ishishini lepetroleum ligxile ekuzinzeni nasekunciphiseni imikhondo yokusingqongileyo.
9. Ukuhambelana nezinye izongezo
I-CMC-HV isoloko isetyenziswa ngokudityaniswa nezinye izongezo kulwelo lokomba kunye nolunye ulwelo lwepetroleum. Ukuhambelana kwayo kunye neekhemikhali ezahlukeneyo, ezifana ne-xanthan gum, i-guar gum, kunye neepolymers zokwenziwa, zivumela ukulungelelaniswa kweempawu ze-fluid ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zokusebenza. Oku kuguquguquka konyusa ukusebenza kunye nokusebenza kolwelo lokomba.
10. Ukuthambisa
Kwimisebenzi yokomba, ukunciphisa ukukhuhlana phakathi komtya wokomba kunye nomngxuma wokutsala amanzi kubalulekile ukuze kugrunjwe ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokunciphisa ukuguga. I-CMC-HV inegalelo kwi-lubricity yolwelo lokomba, ukunciphisa i-torque kunye nokutsala, kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo yokomba. Le lubricity ikwanceda ekwandiseni ubomi bezixhobo zokomba.
11. Ukunqunyanyiswa kunye nokuzinza
Ukukwazi ukunqumamisa kunye nokuzinzisa izinto eziqinileyo kwi-drilling fluids kubalulekile ekuthinteleni ukuhlalisa kunye nokuqinisekisa iimpawu ezifanayo kulo lonke ulwelo. I-CMC-HV ibonelela ngezakhono ezigqwesileyo zokunqunyanyiswa, ukugcina izinto zobunzima, ukusika, kunye nezinye izinto eziqinileyo zisasazwe ngokulinganayo. Olu zinzo lubalulekile ekugcineni iimpawu zolwelo lokomba olungaguquguqukiyo kunye nokuthintela imiba yokusebenza.
12. Usetyenziso-IiNzuzo eziKhethekileyo
Ulwelo loKwemba: Kumanzi okomba, i-CMC-HV yongeza i-viscosity, ilawula ukulahleka kolwelo, izinzisa umngxuma wokutsala amanzi, kwaye ibonelela ngokuthambisa. Iimpawu zayo ziqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kokomba, ukunciphisa impembelelo yokusingqongileyo, kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza ngokubanzi kwenkqubo yokugaya ulwelo.
Ukugqitywa kolwelo: Ekugqityweni kolwelo, i-CMC-HV isetyenziselwa ukulawula ukulahleka kwamanzi, ukuzinzisa i-wellbore, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukunyaniseka kwenkqubo yokugqiba. Ukuzinza kwayo kwe-thermal kunye nokuhambelana nezinye izongezo zenza ukuba zilungele ukusetyenziswa kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu, imigodi ephezulu yoxinzelelo.
Imisebenzi ye-Cementing: Kwi-slurries yesamente, i-CMC-HV isebenza njenge-viscosifier kunye ne-arhente yokulawula ukulahlekelwa kwamanzi. Inceda ekufezekiseni iimpawu ezifunwayo ze-rheological ze-sement slurry, ukuqinisekisa ukubekwa ngokufanelekileyo kunye nesethi yesamente, kunye nokuthintela ukufuduka kwegesi kunye nokulahlekelwa kwamanzi.
I-Petroleum grade high viscosity CMC (CMC-HV) yipolima eguquguqukayo neyimfuneko kushishino lwepetroleum. Iimpawu zayo ezizodwa, kubandakanya i-viscosity ephezulu, ukunyibilika kwamanzi, ukuzinza kwe-thermal kunye ne-pH, ukunyamezela ityuwa, ukulawula ukuhluzwa, ukubola kwe-biodegradability, kunye nokuhambelana nezinye izongezo, kuyenza ibe yimfuneko kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo ezinxulumene ne-petroleum. Ukusuka kulwelo lokomba ukuya ekugqityweni nasekufakweni kwesamente, i-CMC-HV iphucula ukusebenza, ukusebenza kakuhle, nokuzinza kokusingqongileyo kokutsalwa kwepetroleum kunye neenkqubo zemveliso. Njengoko ishishini liqhubeka nokuvela, imfuno yokusebenza okuphezulu, izongezo ezihambelana nokusingqongileyo njenge-CMC-HV iya kunyuka kuphela, igxininisa indima yayo ebalulekileyo kwimisebenzi yanamhlanje yepetroleum.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-06-2024