Karabelo ea lik'hemik'hale ho belisoa ha hydroxypropyl methylcellulose

Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)ke motsoako oa polymer o qhibilihang ka metsi o atisang ho sebelisoa indastering le litabeng tsa bongaka, 'me o na le mefuta e mengata ea litekanyetso tsa tšebeliso, joalo ka tokollo e laoloang ke lithethefatsi, ho lokisa lijo le thepa ea mohaho. Lits'ebetso tsa lik'hemik'hale ts'ebetsong ea eona ea ho belisoa li amana haholo le ho senyeha le ho fetoloa ha selulose le mesebetsi ea metabolism ea likokoana-hloko. E le ho utloisisa hantle karabelo ea lik'hemik'hale tsa HPMC ts'ebetsong ea ho belisoa, re lokela ho qala ka ho utloisisa sebopeho sa eona sa motheo le ts'ebetso ea ho senyeha ha selulose.

1. Sebopeho sa motheo le thepa ea hydroxypropyl methylcellulose

HPMC ke motsoako o fumanoang ka phetoho ea lik'hemik'hale ea cellulose ea tlhaho (Cellulose). Mokokotlo oa ketane ea eona ea molek'hule ke limolek'hule tsa tsoekere (C6H12O6) tse kopantsoeng ke β-1,4 glycosidic bond. Cellulose ka boeona e thata ho qhibiliha ka metsing, empa ka ho hlahisa lihlopha tsa methyl (-OCH3) le hydroxypropyl (-C3H7OH), ho qhibiliha ha metsi ho ka ntlafatsoa haholo ho etsa polymer e qhibilihang. Mokhoa oa ho fetola HPMC ka kakaretso o kenyelletsa karabelo ea selulose e nang le methyl chloride (CH3Cl) le propylene alcohol (C3H6O) tlas'a maemo a alkaline, 'me sehlahisoa se hlahisoang se na le hydrophilicity e matla le solubility.

2. Liphetoho tsa lik'hemik'hale nakong ea ho belisoa

Ts'ebetso ea ho belisoa ha HPMC hangata e itšetlehile ka ketso ea likokoana-hloko, tse sebelisang HPMC e le mohloli oa carbon le mohloli oa limatlafatsi. Ts'ebetso ea ho belisoa ha HPMC e kenyelletsa mekhahlelo e latelang ea mantlha:

2.1. Ho senyeha ha HPMC

Cellulose ka boeona e entsoe ka liyuniti tsa tsoekere tse hokahaneng, 'me HPMC e tla senngoa ke likokoana-hloko nakong ea ho belisoa, e qala ho bola hore e be tsoekere e nyenyane e ka sebelisoang (joaloka tsoekere, xylose, joalo-joalo). Ts'ebetso ena hangata e kenyelletsa ketso ea li-enzyme tse ngata tse senyang selulose. Litlamorao tse ka sehloohong tsa degradation li kenyelletsa:

Cellulose hydrolysis reaction: Litlamo tsa β-1,4 glycosidic ka limolek'hule tsa cellulose li tla robeha ke cellulose hydrolases (joalo ka cellulase, endocellulase), ho hlahisa liketane tse khutšoanyane tsa tsoekere (joaloka oligosaccharides, disaccharides, joalo-joalo). Tsoekere tsena li tla boela li sebelisoe ke likokoana-hloko.

Hydrolysis le ho senyeha ha HPMC: Li-substituent tsa methyl le hydroxypropyl ka har'a molek'hule ea HPMC li tla tlosoa ka mokhoa o itseng ka hydrolysis. Mokhoa o ikhethileng oa karabelo ea hydrolysis ha e e-so utloisisoe ka botlalo, empa ho ka nahanoa hore tikolohong ea ho belisoa, karabelo ea hydrolysis e hlahisoa ke li-enzyme tse hlahisoang ke likokoana-hloko (joalo ka hydroxyl esterase). Ts'ebetso ena e lebisa ho robeheng ha liketane tsa limolek'hule tsa HPMC le ho tlosoa ha lihlopha tse sebetsang, qetellong ho etsa limolek'hule tse nyane tsa tsoekere.

2.2. Lits'ebetso tsa metabolic tsa microbial

Hang ha HPMC e senyehile ho ba limolek'hule tse nyane tsa tsoekere, likokoana-hloko li khona ho fetola tsoekere ena ho ba matla ka karabelo ea enzymatic. Haholo-holo, likokoana-hloko li senya tsoekere ho ethanol, lactic acid kapa metabolites tse ling ka litsela tsa ho belisoa. Likokoana-hloko tse fapaneng li ka senya lihlahisoa tsa HPMC ka litsela tse fapaneng. Mekhoa e tloaelehileng ea metabolic e kenyelletsa:

Tsela ea glycolysis: Glucose e boluloa ho ba pyruvate ka li-enzyme ebe e fetoloa matla (ATP) le metabolites (joalo ka lactic acid, ethanol, joalo-joalo).

Ho hlahisa lihlahisoa tsa ho belisoa: Tlas'a maemo a anaerobic kapa hypoxic, likokoana-hloko li fetola tsoekere kapa lihlahisoa tsa eona tse senyehang hore e be li-organic acid tse kang ethanol, lactic acid, acetic acid, joalo-joalo ka litsela tsa ho belisoa, tse sebelisoang haholo lits'ebetsong tse fapaneng tsa indasteri.

2.3. Redox reaction

Nakong ea ts'ebetso ea ho belisoa ha HPMC, likokoana-hloko tse ling li ka 'na tsa fetola lihlahisoa tsa mahareng ka ho itšoara ka redox. Mohlala, ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso ea ethanol e tsamaisana le karabelo ea redox, tsoekere e oxidized ho hlahisa pyruvate, ebe pyruvate e fetoloa ethanol ka karabelo ea phokotso. Liphetoho tsena li bohlokoa bakeng sa ho boloka botsitso ba metabolic liseleng.

3. Laola lintlha tse mabapi le ho belisoa

Nakong ea ho belisoa ha HPMC, lintlha tsa tikoloho li na le tšusumetso ea bohlokoa ho karabelo ea lik'hemik'hale. Mohlala, pH, mocheso, litaba tsa oksijene e qhibilihisitsoeng, khatello ea mohloli oa limatlafatsi, joalo-joalo li tla ama sekhahla sa metabolism ea likokoana-hloko le mofuta oa lihlahisoa. Haholo-holo mocheso le pH, mosebetsi oa li-enzyme tsa likokoana-hloko li ka fapana haholo tlas'a maemo a fapaneng a mocheso le pH, kahoo hoa hlokahala ho laola ka nepo maemo a belisoa ho netefatsa ho senyeha ha HPMC le tsoelo-pele e ntle ea ts'ebetso ea metabolic ea likokoana-hloko.

Mokhoa oa ho belisa oaHPMCe kenyelletsa liphetoho tse rarahaneng tsa lik'hemik'hale, ho kenyelletsa le hydrolysis ea selulose, ho senyeha ha HPMC, metabolism ea tsoekere, le tlhahiso ea lihlahisoa tsa fermentation. Ho utloisisa karabelo ena ha ho thuse feela ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea ho belisoa ha HPMC, empa hape ho fana ka tšehetso ea theory bakeng sa tlhahiso e amanang le indasteri. Ka ho teba ha lipatlisiso, mekhoa ea ho belisa e sebetsang hantle haholoanyane le ea moruo e ka 'na ea ntlafatsoa nakong e tlang ho ntlafatsa katleho ea ho senyeha ha HPMC le lihlahisoa tsa lihlahisoa, le ho khothalletsa tšebeliso ea HPMC ho biotransformation, tšireletso ea tikoloho le likarolo tse ling.