Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) i polymer inonyungudika nemvura inotorwa kubva muselulosi, inova ndiyo yakanyanya kuwanda organic polymer Panyika. CMC inogadzirwa nekugadziriswa kwekemikari ye cellulose, kazhinji kubva pahuni pulp kana machira ekotoni. Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzekushandisa nekuda kwezvimiro zvayo zvakasiyana, kusanganisira kugona kwayo kugadzira zvigadziriso zve viscous uye gels, kugona kwayo-kusunga mvura, uye biodegradability.
Kemikari Yakarongeka uye Kugadzirwa
Iyo kemikari chimiro cheCMC ine cellulose backbones ine carboxymethyl mapoka (-CH2-COOH) akabatanidzwa kune mamwe emapoka ehydroxyl (-OH) pane glucose monomers. Iyi nzira yekutsiva inosanganisira kurapa cellulose ne chloroacetic acid mune alkaline svikiro, zvichitungamira mukuumbwa kwe sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. The degree of substitution (DS) inoreva avhareji yenhamba yemapoka ehydroxyl paglucose unit yakatsiviwa nemapoka ecarboxymethyl, ine DS ye0.4 kusvika 1.4 inowanzoitika kune mazhinji maapplication.
Kugadzirwa kweCMC kunosanganisira matanho akati wandei:
Alkalization: Cellulose inobatwa nehwaro hwakasimba, kazhinji sodium hydroxide, kugadzira alkali cellulose.
Etherification: Iyo alkali cellulose inozoitwa ne chloroacetic acid, zvichikonzera kutsiviwa kwemapoka ehydroxyl nemapoka ecarboxymethyl.
Kucheneswa: Iyo CMC isina kuchena inogezwa uye kucheneswa kubvisa ne-zvigadzirwa uye zvakawandisa reagents.
Kuomesa uye Kugaya: Iyo CMC yakacheneswa yakaomeswa uye yakagayiwa kuti iwane saizi inodiwa.
Properties
CMC inozivikanwa neayo akasarudzika zvivakwa, izvo zvinoita kuti ibatsire mumaindasitiri akasiyana:
Kunyungudika kweMvura: CMC inonyungudika mumvura, ichigadzira mhinduro dzakajeka, dzakajeka.
Viscosity Modulation: Iyo viscosity yeCMC mhinduro inogona kugadziridzwa nekushandura iyo yekumisikidza uye molecular uremu, ichiita kuti ibatsire mukukora uye kudzikamisa.
Kugadzira Firimu: Inogona kugadzira mafirimu akasimba, anochinjika kana akaomeswa kubva mumhinduro.
Adhesive Properties: CMC inoratidza yakanaka yekunamira maitiro, ayo anobatsira mumashandisirwo akaita seanonamira uye machira.
Biodegradability: Yakatorwa kubva kune yakasikwa cellulose, CMC inoodza, ichiita kuti ive nehushamwari.
Indasitiri Yezvokudya
CMC inoshandiswa zvakanyanya sechikafu chekuwedzera (E466) nekuda kwekugona kwayo kugadzirisa viscosity uye kudzikamisa emulsions mune zvakasiyana zvigadzirwa zvekudya. Inoita seyakakora, inodzikamisa, uye emulsifier muzvigadzirwa zvakaita seaizikirimu, zvigadzirwa zvemukaka, zvinhu zvekubheka, uye mapfekero esaladhi. Semuenzaniso, mu ice cream, CMC inobatsira kudzivirira kuumbwa kweaizi makristasi, zvichikonzera kutsetseka kwemavara.
Pharmaceuticals uye Cosmetics
Muindasitiri yemishonga, CMC inoshandiswa sebhainda mumapiritsi, disintegrant, uye viscosity enhancer mukumiswa uye emulsions. Iyo inoshandawo seyakagadzika mune lotions, makirimu, uye gels muindasitiri yezvizoro. Iyo isiri-chepfu uye isingatsamwise chimiro inoita kuti ive yakakodzera kushandiswa mune izvi zvigadzirwa.
Pepa uye Textiles
CMC inoshandirwa muindasitiri yemapepa semumiriri wesaizi yekuvandudza simba uye kudhindwa kwepepa. Mumicheka, inoshandiswa seyakakora mumiriri mukugadzira dhayi uye sechikamu mumachira ekudhinda paste, ichiwedzera kufanana uye kunaka kweprints.
Detergents uye Cleaning Agents
Mune detergents, CMC inoshanda sechinhu chinomisa ivhu, ichidzivirira tsvina kubva pakudzoreredza pamachira panguva yekugeza. Iyo zvakare inovandudza mashandiro emagetsi ekuchenesa nekusimudzira viscosity yavo uye kugadzikana.
Kuchera Oiri uye Kuchera
CMC inoshandiswa mumafuta ekuchera mvura kudzora viscosity uye se rheology modifier kuchengetedza kugadzikana kwedhaka rekuchera, kudzivirira kudonha kwezvibhorani uye kufambisa kubviswa kwekucheka. Mumigodhi, inoshandiswa sechinhu chinotenderera uye flocculant.
Kuvaka uye Ceramics
Muindasitiri yekuvaka, CMC inoshandiswa mukugadzira simende nedhaka kuvandudza kuchengetwa kwemvura uye kushanda. MuCeramics, inoshanda sebhainda uye plasticizer mu ceramic pastes, inovandudza kuumba kwavo uye kuomesa zvinhu.
Mafungiro Ezvakatipoteredza uye Kuchengetedzwa
CMC inowanzoonekwa seyakachengeteka (GRAS) nezviremera zvinodzora zvakaita seFDA. Iyo isiri-chepfu, isiri-allergenic, uye biodegradable, zvichiita kuti ive nehushamwari kwezvakatipoteredza. Nekudaro, maitiro ekugadzira anosanganisira makemikari anofanirwa kubatwa nehanya kudzivirira kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza. Kurasa kwakafanira uye kurapwa kwetsvina kwakakosha kuderedza kukanganiswa kwezvakatipoteredza.
Zvitsva uye Nhungamiro Yenguva Yemberi
Kufambira mberi kuchangoburwa mumunda weCMC kunosanganisira kuvandudzwa kweCMC yakagadziridzwa ine zvivakwa zvakagadziridzwa zvekushandisa chaiko. Semuyenzaniso, CMC ine huremu hwakarongedzerwa mamorekuru uye dhigirii rekutsiva inogona kupa kuvandudzwa kwekuita mumasitimu ekutakura zvinodhaka kana sebio-based kurongedza zvinhu. Pamusoro pezvo, tsvakiridzo inoenderera mberi iri kuongorora kushandiswa kweCMC munzvimbo nyowani dzakadai setishu engineering uye bioprinting, uko biocompatibility yayo uye kugona kugadzira gel kunogona kubatsira zvakanyanya.
Carboxymethyl cellulose chinhu chinogoneka uye chakakosha chine huwandu hwakawanda hwekushandisa mumaindasitiri akasiyana siyana. Izvo zvakasarudzika zvimiro, zvinosanganisira kunyungudika kwemvura, viscosity modulation, uye biodegradability, inoita kuti ive chinhu chakakosha muzvigadzirwa zvakawanda. Nekuenderera mberi kwekufambira mberi mukugadzirwa kwayo nekugadzirisa, CMC yakagadzirira kuita basa rinowedzera kukosha mune ese ari maviri echinyakare uye ari kusimukira minda, ichibatsira mukufambira mberi kwetekinoroji uye kusimudzira kuedza.
Nguva yekutumira: Jun-06-2024