HPMC (Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose) yakajairika semi-synthetic polysaccharide polymer iyo inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumishonga, chikafu, makemikari indasitiri uye mamwe minda. Hunhu hwayo hwekunyungudika ndeimwe yenzvimbo dzinopisa mukutsvagisa nekushandisa.
1. Molecular chimiro uye solubility maitiro eHPMC
HPMC musanganiswa wepolymer unonyungudika mumvura unowanikwa nekugadziriswa kwe etherification ye cellulose. Chikamu chayo chechimiro chinonzi β-D-glucose, iyo yakabatanidzwa kuburikidza ne1,4-glycosidic bonds. Iyo huru cheni chimiro cheHPMC inotorwa kubva kune yakasarudzika cellulose, asi chikamu cheiyo hydroxyl mapoka anotsiviwa nemethoxy mapoka (-OCH₃) uye hydroxypropyl mapoka (-CH₂CH (OH) CH₃), saka inoratidza kunyungudika maitiro akasiyana neayo echisikigo cellulose.
Iyo molecular chimiro cheHPMC ine yakakosha kukanganisa pakunyungudika kwayo. Dhigirii rekutsiva (DS, Dhigirii reKutsiva) uye molar substitution (MS, Molar Substitution) yeHPMC maparamita akakosha anotaridza kunyungudika kwayo. Iyo yakakwira dhigirii yekutsiva, iyo yakawanda hydroxyl mapoka ari mumorekuru anotsiviwa ne hydrophobic methoxy kana hydroxypropyl mapoka, ayo anowedzera kunyungudika kweHPMC mune organic zvinonyungudutsa uye kuderedza kunyungudika mumvura. Pane zvinopesana, kana dhigirii rekutsiva rakaderera, HPMC inowedzera hydrophilic mumvura uye chiyero chayo chekuparara inokurumidza.
2. Dissolution mechanism yeHPMC
Kunyungudika kweHPMC mumvura kuomarara kwemuviri uye kemikari maitiro, uye nzira yayo yekunyungudika inonyanya kusanganisira matanho anotevera:
Kunyorova nhanho: Kana HPMC ikasangana nemvura, mamorekuru emvura anotanga kuumba hydration firimu pamusoro peHPMC yekuputira zvidimbu zveHPMC. Mukuita uku, mamorekuru emvura anodyidzana nemapoka ehydroxyl uye methoxy ari mumamorekuru eHPMC kuburikidza nehydrogen bond, zvichiita kuti mamorekuru eHPMC anyorove zvishoma nezvishoma.
Nhanho yekuzvimba: Nekupinda kwemamorekuru emvura, zvimedu zveHPMC zvinotanga kutora mvura nekuzvimba, vhoriyamu inowedzera, uye cheni dzemamorekuru dzinodzikira zvishoma nezvishoma. Iko kugona kuzvimba kweHPMC kunokanganiswa nehuremu hwayo hwemamorekuru uye zvinotsiva. Iyo yakakura iyo molecular uremu, iyo yakareba nguva yekuzvimba; iyo yakasimba iyo hydrophilicity yeinotsiva, iyo yakakura dhigirii yekuzvimba.
Dissolution nhanho: Kana mamorekuru eHPMC atora mvura yakakwana, maketani emamorekuru anotanga kusimuka kubva muzvikamu uye zvishoma nezvishoma anopararira mumhinduro. Kumhanya kwekuita uku kunokanganiswa nezvinhu zvakaita setembiricha, kusimudzira mwero uye zvinonyungudutsa zvinhu.
HPMC kazhinji inoratidza kunaka kunyungudika mumvura, kunyanya pakudziya kwekamuri. Nekudaro, zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti kana tembiricha ichikwira kune imwe nhanho, HPMC icharatidza chiitiko che "thermal gel", ndiko kuti, solubility inoderera sezvo tembiricha inowedzera. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuwedzera kwekufamba kwemamorekuru emvura pakupisa kwakanyanya uye kukwidziridzwa kwehydrophobic kupindirana pakati peHPMC mamorekuru, zvichitungamira kumubatanidzwa weintermolecular uye kuumbwa kweiyo gel chimiro.
3. Zvinhu zvinokanganisa kunyungudika kweHPMC
Kunyungudika kweHPMC kunokanganiswa nezvinhu zvakawanda, kusanganisira zvemuviri nemakemikari zvinhu uye mamiriro ekunze. Zvinhu zvikuru zvinosanganisira:
Dhigirii rekutsiva: Sezvataurwa pamusoro, rudzi uye nhamba yezvinotsiva yeHPMC zvinokanganisa kunyungudika kwayo. Izvo zvakanyanya zvinotsiva, mashoma mapoka e hydrophilic mumorekuru uye zvakanyanya kunyungudika. Pane zvinopesana, kana paine mashoma anotsiva, iyo hydrophilicity yeHPMC inowedzerwa uye solubility iri nani.
Molecular uremu: Huremu hwemamorekuru hweHPMC hunoenderana zvakananga nenguva yayo yekuparara. Iyo yakakura iyo molecular uremu, inononoka kupera kwemaitiro. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti iyo HPMC molecular cheni ine huremu hombe hwemamorekuru hwakareba uye mamorekuru akanyanya kusungwa, zvichiita kuti zviome kuti mamorekuru emvura apinde, zvichikonzera kudzimba uye kunyungudika zvishoma nezvishoma.
Kugadzirisa tembiricha: Tembiricha ndechimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha zvinokanganisa kunyungudika kweHPMC. HPMC inonyungudika nekukurumidza pane tembiricha yakaderera, nepo pakupisa kwepamusoro inogona kugadzira gel uye kuderedza kunyungudika kwayo. Naizvozvo, HPMC inowanzogadzirirwa mumvura yakadzika-yekupisa kudzivirira gelation pakupisa kwakanyanya.
Solvent type: HPMC haisi kungonyungudika mumvura, asiwo inonyunguduka mune zvimwe zvinonyungudutsa zvinokonzerwa neorganic, zvakadai se ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, etc. Kunyunguduka mune zvinonyungudutsa zvinokonzerwa nemhando uye kugoverwa kwezvinhu zvinotsiva. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akajairwa, HPMC haina kunyungudika muorganic solvents, uye huwandu hwakakodzera hwemvura hunoda kuwedzerwa kubatsira kunyungudika.
pH kukosha: HPMC ine kumwe kushivirira kune pH kukosha kwemhinduro, asi pasi peyakanyanya asidhi uye alkali mamiriro, iyo solubility yeHPMC ichakanganiswa. Kazhinji kutaura, HPMC ine kunyungudika kuri nani mu pH renji ye3 kusvika 11.
4. Kushandiswa kweHPMC munzvimbo dzakasiyana
Iyo solubility yeHPMC inoita kuti ibatsire muminda yakawanda:
Pharmaceutical field: HPMC inowanzoshandiswa sezvinhu zvekupfekedza, zvinonamira uye zvinoramba zvichiburitsa mahwendefa emishonga. Mukuputira zvinodhaka, HPMC inogona kuumba firimu yunifomu yekuvandudza kugadzikana kwemushonga; mukugadzirisa-kusunungurwa kwemaitiro, HPMC inogadzirisa kusunungurwa kwezvinodhaka nekudzora kuparara kwayo, zvichiita kuti iwane kuendeswa kwezvinodhaka kwenguva refu.
Indasitiri yechikafu: Muchikafu, HPMC inoshandiswa seyakakora, emulsifier uye stabilizer. Nekuti HPMC ine yakanaka solubility yemvura uye kugadzikana kwekupisa, inogona kupa akakodzera manyorerwo uye kuravira mune dzakasiyana siyana zvekudya. Panguva imwecheteyo, iyo isiri-ionic yemhando yeHPMC inoidzivirira kubva pakuita nezvimwe zvinoshandiswa zvekudya uye inochengetedza kugadzikana kwemuviri uye kemikari kwechikafu.
Indasitiri yemakemikari yemazuva ese: HPMC inowanzo shandiswa seyakakora uye emulsifier muzvigadzirwa zvakaita seshampoo, conditioner uye face cream. Kunyungudika kwayo kwakanaka mumvura uye kukora mhedzisiro inogonesa kupa yakanakisa yekushandisa ruzivo. Uye zvakare, HPMC inogona kuwiriranisa nezvimwe zvinoshanda zvinosanganisa kusimudzira kushanda kwechigadzirwa.
Zvishandiso zvekuvaka: Muindasitiri yekuvaka, HPMC inoshandiswa seyakakora uye inochengetedza mvura mudhaka resimende, mataira anonamira uye machira. HPMC inogona kunyatso kuvandudza kushanda kwezvinhu izvi, kuwedzera nguva yavo yekushandisa, uye kuvandudza kwavo kutsemuka kuramba.
Sezvinhu zvepolymer zvine solubility yakanaka, HPMC's dissolution maitiro anokonzerwa nezvinhu zvakawanda, zvakadai sema molecular structure, tembiricha, pH kukosha, etc. Mumashandisirwo akasiyana-siyana, kunyungudika kweHPMC kunogona kugadziriswa nekugadzirisa zvinhu izvi kuti zvienderane nezvinodiwa zvakasiyana. Kunyungudika kweHPMC hakungotaridzi kushanda kwayo mumhinduro dzemvura, asiwo kunokanganisa zvakananga mabasa ayo mumishonga, chikafu, zuva nezuva makemikari uye maindasitiri ekuvaka.
Nguva yekutumira: Oct-14-2024