Ndezvipi zvinhu zvakakosha zve cellulose?

Cellulose, imwe yezvakanyanya kuwanda kwazvo organic komisheni paPasi, inoshanda seyakanyanya kuumbwa chikamu mumasero madziro emiti. Iyi polysaccharide yakaoma inoumbwa nekudzokorora zvikamu zveglucose mamorekuru akabatanidzwa pamwechete, achigadzira cheni refu. Iwo makuru ezvigadzirwa zvekugadzira cellulose zvinobva kune zvidyarwa, kunyanya huni pulp, donje, uye akasiyana marudzi emasara ekurima.

Wood Pulp:
Huni pulp ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa kugadzirwa kwe cellulose, inoverengera chikamu chakakosha chepasi rose kugadzirwa kwe cellulose. Inowanikwa kubva kumatanda ehuni, anonyanya kutorwa kubva kune softwood uye hardwood miti. Miti yeSoftwood yakaita sepaini, spruce, uye fir inofarirwa kune ayo marefu fiber uye yakakwira cellulose zvemukati, zvichiita kuti ive yakanakira kugadzirwa kwe pulp. Miti yakaoma yakaita sebirch, eucalyptus, uye oak inoshandiswawo, zvisinei nemaitiro akasiyana-siyana ekugadzirisa nekuda kwehutambo hwayo hupfupi uye zvakasiyana-siyana zvemakemikari.

Huni pulp inotorwa kuburikidza neakatevedzana emakanika uye makemikari maitiro. Pakutanga, matanda anobviswa uye anotemwa kuita zvidimbu zvidiki. Aya machipisi anobva aiswa pasi pekukuya kana makemikari kurapwa kuti aparadzanise serulosi fiber kubva kune zvimwe zvinhu zvakaita se lignin uye hemicellulose. Iyo pulp inobuda inogezwa, yogezwa, uye yokwenenzverwa kuti uwane iyo inodiwa selulosi mhando yeakasiyana maapplication.

Cotton:
Cotton, faibha yechisikigo inowanwa kubva pambeu dzechirimwa chedonje, ndiyo imwe nzvimbo yakakosha ye cellulose. Iyo inonyanya kuumbwa neinenge yakachena cellulose, ine ishoma lignin uye hemicellulose zvemukati. Cotton cellulose ine mukurumbira nekuchena kwayo uye kusimba kwepamusoro, zvichiita kuti ive yakakosha mukugadzira zvigadzirwa zvemhando yepamusoro seruseru semachira, mapepa, uye zvinobva muselulosi.

Maitiro ekubvisa cellulose kubva mukotoni anosanganisira kupatsanura mafiibhi kubva kumbeu yedonje uye kumwe kusvibiswa kuburikidza neakatevedzana eginning, kuchenesa, uye makadhi maitiro. Mafiibha ekotoni anozoitwa anozogadziridzwa zvakare kuti abvise chero tsvina yasara uye kukwenenzvera cellulose kune chaiwo maapplication.

Agricultural Residues:
Zvisaririra zvakasiyana-siyana zvekurima, zvinosanganisira mashanga, zvigadziko, chitofu chechibage, mapfunde emupunga, uye nzimbe, zvinoshanda semamwe manyuko ecellulose. Izvi zvakasara zvinobva-zvigadzirwa zvekurima uye zvinowanzo sanganisira cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, uye mamwe organic komisheni. Kushandisa zvisaririra zvekurima zvekugadzira cellulose zvinopa mabhenefiti ezvakatipoteredza nekudzikisa marara uye kushandisa zviwanikwa zvinogoneka.

Kubviswa kweselulosi kubva kune zvakasara zvekurima kunosanganisira maitiro akafanana nekugadzirwa kwehuni, kusanganisira kuderedza saizi, kurapwa kwemakemikari, uye kunatswa. Nekudaro, iyo kemikari kuumbwa uye chimiro chezvisaririra zvekurima zvinogona kusiyana nehuni, zvichida kugadziridzwa mukugadzirisa ma paramita kuti uwedzere goho re cellulose uye mhando.

Algae:
Kunyangwe isingashandiswe zvakanyanya sehuni pulp, donje, kana zvisaririra zvekurima, mamwe marudzi ealgae ane cellulose uye akaongororwa seanogona kugadzirwa selulosi. Algal cellulose inopa mabhenefiti akadai sekukurumidza kukura mitengo, yakakwira cellulose zvemukati, uye kushoma kwevhu nemvura zvinodiwa zvichienzaniswa nezvidyarwa zvepanyika.

Kubvisa cellulose kubva mualgae kunowanzo sanganisira kuputsa madziro esero kuburitsa ma cellulose fiber, inoteverwa nekucheneswa uye kugadzirisa kuti uwane inogona kushandiswa cellulose zvinhu. Tsvagiridzo yekugadzira algae-based cellulose iri kuenderera mberi, ichivavarira kuvandudza nzira dzakasimba uye dzinoita zvehupfumi dzekugadzirwa kwakakura.

chikuru mbishi zvinhu zvecellulosezvinosanganisira pulp yehuni, donje, zvisaririra zvekurima, uye, kusvika pamwero muduku, mamwe marudzi ealgae. Izvi zvimisikidzwa zvinotora matanho akasiyana ekugadzirisa kuburitsa nekunatsa cellulose, iyo inoshanda sechinhu chinochinja-chinja uye chakakosha chikamu mune dzakasiyana siyana dzemaindasitiri nekutengesa maapplication, kusanganisira kugadzira mapepa, machira, mishonga, zvigadzirwa zvekudya, uye biofuels. Tekinoroji dzekutsvaga uye hunyanzvi hwekugadzirisa tekinoroji dzinoramba dzichifambisa kufambira mberi mukugadzirwa kwe cellulose, kuwedzera kushanda zvakanaka, kuderedza kukanganiswa kwezvakatipoteredza, nekuwedzera mashandisirwo ezviwanikwa izvi zvakakosha.