Mune yakagadzirira-yakasanganiswa dhaka, kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwecellulose etheryakaderera zvikuru, asi inogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya kushanda kwedhaka rakanyorova, uye ndicho chinowedzera chinowedzera chinokanganisa kushanda kwekuvaka kwedhaka. Kusarudzwa kunonzwisisika kwema cellulose ethers emhando dzakasiyana-siyana, viscosities dzakasiyana, zvakasiyana-siyana zvidimbu, madhigirii akasiyana-siyana eviscosity uye yakawedzerwa mari ichava nemigumisiro yakanaka pakuvandudzwa kwekushanda kwevhu rakaoma dhaka.
Parizvino, akawanda masonry uye plastering madhaka ane hurombo hwekuchengeta mvura kuita, uye slurry yemvura ichaparadzana mushure memaminitsi mashoma ekumira. Kuchengetwa kwemvura ibasa rakakosha remethyl cellulose ether, uye zvakare kuita kunoita kuti vazhinji vedzimba vanogadzira dhaka vanogadzira dhaka, kunyanya avo vari kumatunhu ekumaodzanyemba ane tembiricha yakanyanya, vanoteerera. Zvinhu zvinokanganisa kuchengetedza kwemvura kweiyo yakaoma musanganiswa dhaka zvinosanganisira huwandu hweMC yakawedzerwa, viscosity yeMC, kunaka kwezvikamu uye tembiricha yenzvimbo yekushandisa.
1. Pfungwa
Cellulose ether i polymer yakagadzirwa kubva kune yakasikwa cellulose kuburikidza nekugadzirisa kemikari. Cellulose ether inobva kune yakasikwa cellulose. Kugadzirwa kwe cellulose ether kwakasiyana nemapolymer ekugadzira. Yayo inonyanya kukosha ndeye cellulose, yakasikwa polymer musanganiswa. Nekuda kwekusarudzika kwechisikigo cellulose chimiro, iyo cellulose pachayo haina kugona kuita ne etherification agents. Zvisinei, mushure mekurapwa kwechirwere chekuzvimba, zvisungo zvakasimba zvehydrogen pakati pemaketani emaketani nemaketani zvinoparadzwa, uye kusunungurwa kunoshingaira kweboka rehydroxyl kunova reactive alkali cellulose. Wana cellulose ether.
Zvinhu zve cellulose ethers zvinoenderana nerudzi, nhamba uye kugovera kwezvinotsiva. Kurongeka kwe cellulose ethers zvakare kwakavakirwa pamhando yezvinotsiva, dhigirii reetherification, solubility uye zvine chekuita nekushandisa zvivakwa. Zvinoenderana nerudzi rwezvinotsiva pane molecular cheni, inogona kukamurwa kuita monoether uye yakasanganiswa ether. Isu tinowanzo shandisa MC se monoether, uye PMC seyakasanganiswa ether. Methyl cellulose ether MC ndicho chigadzirwa mushure meboka rehydroxyl pane glucose unit ye natural cellulose inotsiviwa nemethoxy boka. Icho chigadzirwa chinowanikwa nekutsiva chikamu cheboka rehydroxyl payuniti neboka remethoxy uye chimwe chikamu neboka rehydroxypropyl. Iyo yemaitiro fomula ndeye [C6H7O2(OH)3-mn(OCH3)m[OCH2CH(OH)CH3]n]x Hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose ether HEMC, aya ndiwo makuru emhando anoshandiswa zvakanyanya uye anotengeswa pamusika.
Panyaya yekunyungudika, inogona kukamurwa kuita ionic uye isiri-ionic. Mvura inonyungudika isiri-ionic cellulose ethers inonyanya kuumbwa maviri akatevedzana ealkyl ethers uye hydroxyalkyl ethers. Ionic CMC inonyanya kushandiswa mukugadzira dhizaini, machira kudhinda uye dhayi, chikafu uye kuongorora mafuta. Non-ionic MC, PMC, HEMC, nezvimwewo zvinonyanya kushandiswa mukuvaka zvinhu, latex coatings, mishonga, makemikari ezuva nezuva, etc. Inoshandiswa seyakasviba, mvura inochengetedza agent, stabilizer, dispersant uye film forming agent.
2. Kuchengetwa kwemvura ye cellulose ether
Kuchengetwa kwemvura ye cellulose ether: Mukugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvekuvaka, kunyanya yakaoma poda dhaka, cellulose ether inoita basa risingadzoreki, kunyanya mukugadzirwa kwedhaka rakakosha (yakagadziridzwa dhaka), chinhu chakakosha uye chakakosha chikamu .
Basa rakakosha remvura-soluble cellulose ether mudhaka rinonyanya kuve nemativi matatu, imwe yakanakisa kuchengetedza mvura, imwe isimba pakuenderana uye thixotropy wedhaka, uye chechitatu ndiko kudyidzana nesamende. Kuchengetedzwa kwemvura kweselulosi ether kunoenderana nekutorwa kwemvura kwegadziko layer, kuumbwa kwedhaka, ukobvu hwedhaka redhaka, kudiwa kwemvura kwedhaka, uye nguva yekumisikidzwa kwechinhu chekugadzika. Kuchengetwa kwemvura kwe cellulose ether pachayo kunobva mukunyungudika uye kupera simba kweselulosi ether pachayo. Sezvo isu tose tinoziva, kunyange zvazvo cellulose molecular chain ine nhamba yakawanda yeakanyanya hydratable OH mapoka, haisi kunyunguduka mumvura, nokuti chimiro che cellulose chine hukuru hwekristallinity.
Kugona kwe hydration kwemapoka ehydroxyl chete hakuna kukwana kuvhara mabhondi akasimba ehydrogen uye van der Waals masimba pakati pemamorekuru. Naizvozvo, inongozvimba asi hainyungudika mumvura. Kana chinotsiva chinopinzwa mucheni yemamorekuru, kwete chete chinotsiva chinoparadza cheni yehydrogen, asiwo iyo interchain hydrogen bond inoparadzwa nekuda kwekuroora kweiyo inotsiva pakati pemaketani ari padyo. Iyo yakakura inotsiva, yakakura chinhambwe pakati pemamorekuru. Iyo yakakura chinhambwe. Iyo yakakura mhedzisiro yekuparadza hydrogen zvisungo, iyo cellulose ether inonyungudika mumvura mushure mekunge cellulose lattice ichiwedzera uye mhinduro inopinda, ichigadzira yakakwirira-viscosity mhinduro. Kana kutonhora kuchikwira, hydration yepolymer inopera, uye mvura pakati pemaketani inodzingwa kunze. Kana iyo dehydration effect yakakwana, mamorekuru anotanga kuungana, achigadzira matatu-dimensional network dhizaini gel uye akapetwa kunze. Zvinhu zvinokanganisa kuchengetwa kwemvura yedhaka zvinosanganisira viscosity ye cellulose ether, huwandu hwakawedzerwa, kunaka kwezvimedu uye tembiricha yekushandisa.
Iyo yakakura viscosity ye cellulose ether, zviri nani kuchengetedza mvura kuita. Viscosity chinhu chakakosha parameter yeMC performance. Parizvino, vagadziri vakasiyana veMC vanoshandisa nzira dzakasiyana uye zviridzwa kuyera viscosity yeMC. Nzira huru ndiHaake Rotovisko, Hoppler, Ubbelohde uye Brookfield. Pachigadzirwa chimwe chete, mhedzisiro yeviscosity yakayerwa nenzira dzakasiyana zvakasiyana kwazvo, uye mamwe anotopetwa kaviri misiyano. Naizvozvo, kana uchienzanisa viscosity, inofanirwa kuitwa pakati pedzimwe nzira dzekuyedza, kusanganisira tembiricha, rotor, nezvimwe.
Kazhinji kutaura, iyo yakakwirira viscosity, zviri nani kuchengetedza mvura. Nekudaro, iyo yakakwira viscosity uye nekukwirira kwema molecular huremu hweMC, kuderera kunoenderana mukunyungudika kwayo kuchava nemhedzisiro yakaipa pakusimba uye kuita kwekuvaka kwedhaka. Iyo yakakwirira viscosity, iyo inonyanya kuoneka iyo thickening maitiro padhaka, asi haina kuenzana zvakananga. Iyo yakakwirira iyo viscosity, iyo yakanyanya viscous dhaka rakanyorova richava, ndiko kuti, panguva yekuvaka, inoratidzirwa sekunamatira kune scraper uye yakakwirira kunamatira kune substrate. Asi hazvibatsiri kuwedzera simba rekuumbwa kwevhu rakanyorova pacharo. Panguva yekuvaka, iyo anti-sag performance haisi pachena. Pane zvinopesana, imwe yepakati uye yakaderera viscosity asi yakagadziridzwa methyl cellulose ethers ine yakanakisa mashandiro mukuvandudza kusimba kwechimiro chedhaka rakanyorova.
Iyo yakawanda yakawanda ye cellulose ether yakawedzerwa kune dhaka, zviri nani kuchengetedza kwemvura kushanda, uye yakakwirira viscosity, zviri nani kuchengetedza mvura kushanda.
Nezve saizi yechidimbu, kutsetseka kwechikamu, kunova nani kuchengetedza kwemvura. Mushure mekunge zvimedu zvakakura zve cellulose ether zvasangana nemvura, nzvimbo yacho inonyungudika pakarepo uye inoita gel yekuputira zvinhu kudzivirira mamorekuru emvura kuti arambe achipinda. Dzimwe nguva haigone kuparadzirwa zvakafanana uye kunyungudutswa kunyangwe mushure menguva refu yekubvongodza, ichigadzira cloudy flocculent solution kana agglomeration. Inobata zvakanyanya kuchengetwa kwemvura ye cellulose ether, uye solubility chimwe chezvinhu zvekusarudza cellulose ether.
Fineness zvakare yakakosha kuita index yemethyl cellulose ether. Iyo MC inoshandiswa kune yakaoma poda dhaka inodiwa kuti ive hupfu, ine yakaderera mvura yemukati, uye kutsetseka kunodawo 20% ~ 60% yehukuru hwechikamu kuti ive isingasviki 63um. Iko kunaka kunokanganisa kunyungudika kwemethyl cellulose ether. Coarse MC inowanzoita granular, uye iri nyore kunyunguduka mumvura isina agglomeration, asi chiyero chekunyungudika chinononoka, saka haina kukodzera kushandiswa muvhu rakaoma dhaka. Mune yakaoma poda dhaka, MC inoparadzirwa pakati pezvinhu zvekusimbisa senge aggregate, yakanaka yekuzadza uye simende, uye chete yakanaka yakakwana poda inogona kudzivirira methyl cellulose ether agglomeration kana ichisanganiswa nemvura. Kana MC yawedzerwa nemvura kuti iparadze ma agglomerates, zvinonetsa kuparadzira nekunyungudutsa.
Coarse fineness yeMC haisi kungoparadza chete, asiwo inoderedza simba renzvimbo yedhaka. Kana dhaka rakaoma rakadaro rinoshandiswa munzvimbo yakakura, kukurumidza kukurumidza kwepoda yakaoma yepoda ichaderedzwa zvakanyanya, uye kuputika kuchaonekwa nekuda kwekusiyana kwekuporesa nguva. Kune iyo yakapfapfaidzwa dhaka ine mechanical kuvaka, chinodiwa chefineness chakakwira nekuda kwenguva pfupi yekusanganisa. Iko kunaka kweMC zvakare kune imwe mhedzisiro pakuchengetedza kwayo mvura. Kazhinji, kune methyl cellulose ethers ine viscosity yakafanana asi kunaka kwakasiyana, pasi pemwero wekuwedzera mumwe chete, kukwenenzvera ndiko kunoita kuti mvura ichengetedze.
Kuchengetwa kwemvura kweMC kunobatanawo nekupisa kunoshandiswa, uye kuchengetwa kwemvura kwemethyl cellulose ether kunodzikira nekuwedzera kwekushisa. Zvisinei, mukushandiswa kwezvinhu chaiko, poda yakaoma dhaka inowanzoiswa kune inopisa substrates patembiricha yepamusoro (inodarika 40 madhigirii) munzvimbo dzakawanda, sekunze kwemadziro putty plastering pasi pezuva muzhizha, izvo zvinowanzo mhanyisa Kurapa simende uye kuomeswa kwevhu rakaoma dhaka. Kudzikira kwechiyero chekuchengetedza mvura kunotungamira kumanzwiro ari pachena ekuti zvese kushanda uye kutsemuka kuramba zvinokanganiswa, uye zvinonyanya kukosha kudzikisa pesvedzero yemamiriro ekushisa pasi peichi mamiriro.
Nyangwemethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose etherzvinowedzerwa pari zvino zvinoonekwa sezviri pamberi pekuvandudza tekinoroji, kuvimba kwavo nekupisa kucharamba kuchikonzera kupera simba kwekuita kwehupfu hwakaoma. Kunyangwe huwandu hwemethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose huchiwedzerwa (muchirimo fomula), kushanda uye kuramba kutsemuka hakugone kuzadzisa zvinodiwa zvekushandisa. Kuburikidza nekumwe kurapwa kwakakosha paMC, sekuwedzera dhigirii reetherification, nezvimwewo, iyo yekuchengeta mvura inogona kuchengetedzwa patembiricha yepamusoro, kuitira kuti igone kupa kushanda kuri nani pasi pemamiriro akaomarara.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-28-2024