Hydroxypropyl methylcelluloserudzi rwe-non-ionic cellulose yakasanganiswa ether. Kusiyana neionic methyl carboxymethyl cellulose yakasanganiswa ether, haiite nesimbi inorema. Nekuda kwekusiyana kwakasiyana kwemethoxyl yemukati uye hydroxypropyl yemukati mune hydroxypropyl methylcellulose uye akasiyana viscosities, kune akawanda marudzi ane akasiyana zvimiro, semuenzaniso, yakakwira methoxyl yemukati uye yakaderera hydroxypropyl yemukati Kuita kwayo kuri padyo neiyo methyl cellulose, ukuwo kuita kweyakaderera methoxyl yemukati uye yakakwira methylprose iri padyo nehydroxyl cellulopy iyo hydroxypropyl. Zvisinei, mune imwe neimwe yakasiyana-siyana, kunyange zvazvo zvishoma zvishoma zveboka re hydroxypropyl kana zvishoma zveboka re methoxyl ririmo, kune misiyano mikuru mukunyungudika mune organic solvents kana flocculation tembiricha mune aqueous mhinduro.
(1) Solubility zvimiro zve hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
① Solubility yehydroxypropyl methylcellulose mumvuraHydroxypropyl methylcelluloseichokwadi rudzi rwemethylcellulose yakagadziridzwa nepropylene oxide (methoxy-propylene), saka ichine zvimiro zvakafanana nemethyl cellulose ine hunhu hwakafanana hwekunyungudika kwemvura inotonhora uye kusapinda kwemvura inopisa. Nekudaro, nekuda kweiyo yakagadziridzwa hydroxypropyl boka, iyo gelation tembiricha mumvura inopisa yakakwira zvakanyanya kupfuura iyo yemethyl cellulose. Semuyenzaniso, viscosity yehydroxypropyl methylcellulose aqueous solution ine 2% methoxy content substitution degree DS=0.73 uye hydroxypropyl content MS=0.46 is 500 mpa·s pa20°C, uye tembiricha yayo yegel Inogona kusvika pedyo ne100°C, ukuwo methyl5°C tembiricha inenge iri pa5°C chete. Kana iri yekunyungudika kwayo mumvura, yakagadziridzwawo zvakanyanya. Semuyenzaniso, iyo pulverized hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (granular shape 0.2 ~ 0.5mm pa20°C ine 4% aqueous solution viscosity ye2pa•s inogona kutengwa nekamuri tembiricha, inonyungudika zviri nyore mumvura isina kutonhodzwa.
② Kunyungudika kwehydroxypropyl methylcellulose mune organic solvents iyo solubility yehydroxypropyl methylcellulose muorganic solvents zvakare iri nani pane iyo yemethylcellulose. Methylcellulose inoda kuva nemethoxyl substitution degree ye2.1 Zvigadzirwa zviri pamusoro, asi zvine hydroxypropyl MS=1.5 ~ 1.8 uye methoxy DS=0.2 ~ 1.0, iyo yakakwirira-viscosity hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ine yakazara dhigirii yekutsiva pamusoro pe 1.8 inonyungudika ine methanolhydro uye eusthanol hydrochloride. thermos-plasticity uye kunyungudika kwemvura. Iyo zvakare inonyungudika mu chlorinated hydrocarbons senge methylene chloride uye chloroform, uye organic solvents senge acetone, isopropanol uye diacetone doro. Kunyungudika kwayo muorganic solvents kuri nani pane kunyungudika kwemvura.
(2) Zvinhu Zvinokonzera Viscosity yeHydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose Iyo yakajairwa viscosity kutsunga yehydroxypropyl methyl cellulose yakafanana neyeimwe cellulose ethers. Inopimwa pa20°C ne2% aqueous solution seyakajairwa. Iyo viscosity yechigadzirwa chimwe chete inowedzera nekuwedzera kwekutarisa. Kune zvigadzirwa zvine huremu hwakasiyana hwema molecular pachikamu chimwe chete, chigadzirwa chine uremu hukuru hwemamorekuru chine viscosity yakakwirira. Hukama hwayo nekupisa hwakafanana neyemethyl cellulose. Kana tembiricha ichikwira, viscosity inotanga kudonha, asi kana yasvika kune imwe tembiricha, viscosity inomuka kamwe kamwe uye gelation inoitika. Iyo tembiricha yegel yezvinhu zvakaderera-viscosity yakakwira. zvakakwirira. Iyo gel point haina kungoenderana neiyo viscosity ye ether, asi zvakare inoenderana neyakaumbwa chiyero che methoxyl boka uye hydroxypropyl boka muether uye ukuru hweiyo yakazara inotsiva degree. Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti hydroxypropyl methylcellulose iri zvakare pseudoplastic, uye mhinduro yayo yakagadzikana pakamuri tembiricha pasina kushatisa kweviscosity kunze kwekukwanisa kukanganisa enzymatic.
(3) Kushivirira kwemunyu kwehydroxypropyl methylcellulose Sezvo hydroxypropyl methylcellulose isiri-ionic ether, haina ionized mumvura yemvura, kusiyana nemamwe ionic cellulose ethers, yakadai se carboxymethyl Base cellulose, mumhinduro yekuita neheavy metal ions uye precipitate. General salt senge chloride, bromide, phosphate, nitrate, etc. haigone kudonha kana yawedzerwa kune yayo aqueous solution. Zvisinei, kuwedzerwa kwemunyu kune imwe simba pane flocculation tembiricha yayo aqueous mhinduro. Kana kuwedzera kwemunyu kunowedzera, kupisa kwegel kunoderera. Kana iyo munyu yemunyu iri pasi peiyo flocculation point, iyo viscosity yemhinduro inowedzera kuwedzera. Naizvozvo, imwe chiyero chemunyu inowedzerwa, mukushandisa, inogona kuita thickening mhedzisiro zvakanyanya hupfumi. Naizvozvo, mune mamwe maapplication, zviri nani kushandisa musanganiswa we cellulose ether uye munyu pane yakanyanya kuwanda kwemhinduro ye ether kuti uwane iyo thickening mhedzisiro.
(4) Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose acid uye alkali resistance Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose inowanzogadzikana kune acids uye alkalis, uye haina kukanganiswa muhuwandu hwepH 2 ~ 12. Inogona kumira imwe chiyero chechiedza cheasidhi, Senge formic acid, acetic acid, citric acid, succinic acid, phosphoric acid, boric acid, etc. Asi yakanyanyisa asidhi ine mhedzisiro yekuderedza viscosity. Alkalis yakadai se caustic soda, caustic potash uye lime mvura haina simba pairi, asi inogona kuwedzera zvishoma viscosity yemhinduro, uye zvishoma nezvishoma inoderedza.
(5) Miscibility yehydroxypropyl methylcellulose Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose solution inogona kusanganiswa nemvura-soluble polymer compounds kuti ive yunifomu uye yakajeka mhinduro ine viscosity yakakwirira. Aya mapolymer compounds anosanganisira polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl acetate, polysilicone, polymethylvinyl siloxane, hydroxyethyl cellulose, uye methyl cellulose. Natural high molecular compounds senge gum arabic, mhashu bhinzi gum, karaya gum, nezvimwewo zvakare zvine kuenderana kwakanaka nemhinduro yayo. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose inogonawo kusanganiswa nemannitol ester kana sorbitol ester ye stearic acid kana palmitic acid, uye inogonawo kusanganiswa neglycerin, sorbitol uye mannitol, uye mishonga iyi inogona kushandiswa se hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Plasticizer ye cellulose.
(6) Iyo isinganyungudika mumvura-inonyungudikacellulose ethersyehydroxypropyl methylcellulose inokwanisa kuita pamusoro-inosangana nealdehydes, kuitira kuti ether inonyungudika nemvura inonaya mumushonga uye isanyungudika mumvura. Iyo aldehydes inogadzira hydroxypropyl methylcellulose insoluble inosanganisira formaldehyde, glyoxal, succinic aldehyde, adipaldehyde, etc. Paunenge uchishandisa formaldehyde, kunyanya kukoshesa kunofanira kubhadharwa kune pH kukosha kwekugadzirisa, pakati peiyo glyoxal inokurumidza kukurumidza, saka glyoxal inowanzoshandiswa mukugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri. Muyero werudzi urwu rwemuchinjika wekubatanidza mugadziriso ndeye 0.2% ~ 10% yehuremu hweether, zviri nani 7% ~ 10%, semuenzaniso, 3.3% ~ 6% yeglyoxal ndiyo yakanyanya kukodzera. Kazhinji, tembiricha yekurapa ndeye 0 ~ 30 ℃, uye nguva iri 1 ~ 120min. Iyo crosslinking reaction inoda kuitwa pasi pemamiriro e acidic. Kazhinji, iyo pH yemushonga inogadziridzwa kusvika pa2 ~ 6 nekuwedzera inorganic yakasimba asidhi kana organic carboxylic acid kune mhinduro, zviri nani pakati pe4 ~ 6, uyezve aldehydes inowedzerwa kuita iyo crosslinking reaction. Asidhi yakashandiswa ine hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, formic acid, acetic acid, hydroxy-acetic acid, succinic acid kana citric acid nezvimwewo, umo ine formic acid kana acetic acid inokurudzirwa, uye formic asidhi yakanaka. Iyo asidhi uye aldehyde inogona zvakare kuwedzerwa panguva imwe chete kubvumira mhinduro kuti iite muchinjiko-inobatanidza kuita mukati meinodiwa pH renji. Kuita uku kunowanzo shandiswa mukugadzirisa kwekupedzisira kwekurapa mugadziriro yekugadzira cellulose ethers. Mushure mekunge cellulose ether isinganyunguriki, zviri nyore kushandisa.
20 ~ 25 ℃ mvura yekugeza uye kuchenesa. Kana chigadzirwa chacho chiri kushandiswa, alkaline zvinhu zvinogona kuwedzerwa kune mhinduro yechigadzirwa kugadzirisa pH yemhinduro kuti ive alkaline, uye chigadzirwa chichanyunguduka mumhinduro nokukurumidza. Iyi nzira inoshandiswawo pakurapwa kwefirimu mushure mekunge selulosi ether solution inogadzirwa mufirimu kuti iite firimu isingagadziriswi.
(7) Kupokana kwe enzyme ye hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ndeye theoretically cellulose derivatives, senge rimwe nerimwe boka reanhydroglucose, kana paine boka rakasimba rakasungirirwa rinotsiva boka, hazvisi nyore kutapukirwa nema microorganisms, asi chokwadi chigadzirwa chakapedzwa Kana iyo inotsiva kukosha inodarika 1, ichave zvakare yakaderedzwa, iyo inotsiva iyo sero dhigirii. cheni haina yunifomu zvakakwana, uye tupukanana tunogona kunyura pane isina kutsiva anhydroglucose boka kuti igadzire shuga, sekudya kunovaka tupukanana. Naizvozvo, kana dhigirii rekutsiva etherification ye cellulose richiwedzera, kuramba enzymatic erosion ye cellulose ether kuchawedzerawo. Maererano nemishumo, pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu akadzorwa, iyo hydrolysis mhedzisiro yema enzymes akaitwa, iyo yakasara viscosity yehydroxypropyl methylcellulose (DS = 1.9) i13.2%, methylcellulose (DS = 1.83) i7.3%, methylcellulose (DS = 1.66) i3. Zvinogona kuonekwa kuti hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ine simba rinopesana ne enzyme. Naizvozvo, iyo yakanakisa enzyme kuramba yehydroxypropyl methylcellulose, yakasanganiswa neiyo yakanaka dispersibility, thickening uye firimu-kugadzira zvinhu, inoshandiswa mumvura-emulsion coatings, nezvimwewo, uye kazhinji haidi kuwedzera zvinodzivirira. Zvisinei, nokuda kwekuchengetwa kwenguva refu kwechigadziro kana kusvibiswa kunobvira kubva kunze, zvinodzivirira zvinogona kuwedzerwa sechidziviriro, uye sarudzo inogona kugadziriswa maererano nezvinodiwa zvekupedzisira zvekugadzirisa. Phenylmercuric acetate uye manganese fluorosilicate zvinochengetedza zvinobudirira, asi zvese zvine Toxicity, kutarisisa kunofanirwa kubhadharwa kune oparesheni. Kazhinji, 1 ~ 5mg ye phenylmercury acetate inogona kuwedzerwa kune mhinduro parita yedhesi.
(8) Kuita kwehydroxypropyl methylcellulosefirimu Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ine yakanakisa firimu-kugadzira zvimiro. Yayo aqueous solution kana organic solvent solution yakaputirwa pandiro yegirazi, uye inova isina ruvara uye yakajeka mushure mekuoma. Uye firimu rakaoma. Iine hunyoro hwakanaka hwekudzivisa uye inoramba yakasimba pakupisa kwepamusoro. Kana hygroscopic plasticizer yakawedzerwa, kureba kwayo uye kuchinjika kunogona kuvandudzwa. Panyaya yekuvandudza kushanduka, mapurasitiki akadai se glycerin uye sorbitol ndiyo inonyanya kukodzera. Kazhinji, kugadziriswa kwekugadzirisa ndeye 2% ~ 3%, uye huwandu hweplasticizer i10% ~ 20% ye cellulose ether. Kana zviri mukati meplasticizer zvakanyanyisa, colloidal dehydration shrinkage ichaitika pakunyorova kwepamusoro. Kusimba kwekusimba kwefirimu neplasticizer yakawedzerwa yakakura kudarika iyo isina plasticizer, uye inowedzera nekuwedzera kwehuwandu hwakawedzerwa. Kana iri hygroscopicity yefirimu, inowedzerawo nekuwedzera kwehuwandu hweplasticizer.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-25-2024