01 Zvinonoka kuoma uye kunamatira kumashure
Mushure mokunge pende yakasvibiswa, firimu yepende haina kuoma kwenguva inopfuura yakatarwa, iyo inonzi kunonoka kuoma. Kana iyo firimu yepende yakaumbwa, asi pachine chiitiko chinonamira chemunwe, inonzi back sticking.
Zvinokonzera:
1. Firimu yepende inoshandiswa nekukwesha yakanyanyisa.
2. Pamberi pejasi rekutanga repende raoma, shandisa jira rechipiri repende.
3. Kushandiswa kusina kunaka kwekuoma.
4. Iyo substrate pamusoro haina kuchena.
5. Iyo substrate yepamusoro haina kuoma zvachose.
Nzira:
1. Nokuda kwekuoma zvishoma nezvishoma uye kunamatira shure, mhepo yemhepo inogona kusimbiswa uye tembiricha inogona kusimudzwa zvakakodzera.
2. Kune firimu yepende ine kuomeswa zvishoma nezvishoma kana zvakakomba kunamatira shure, inofanira kushambidzwa neine solvent yakasimba uye zvakare-sprayed.
02
Powdering: Mushure mekupenda, firimu yepende inova powdery
Zvinokonzera:
1. Kupokana kwemamiriro ekunze kweiyo coating resin kwakashata.
2. Kurapa kwepamusoro kwemadziro.
3. Kupisa panguva yekupenda kunonyanya kuderera, zvichiita kuti pave nekusagadzikana kwemafirimu.
4. Iyo pende inosanganiswa nemvura yakawandisa pakupenda.
Mhinduro yekucheka:
Chenesa poda kutanga, wobva watanga nechisimbiso chekutanga, wobva wamwayazve pendi chaiyo yematombo nekupikisa kwemamiriro ekunze.
03
kuchinja uye kupera
chikonzero:
1. Hunyoro huri mu substrate hwakanyanya, uye munyu unonyungudika mumvura unopenya pamusoro pemadziro, zvichiita kuti ruvara uye kupera.
2. Iyo yakaderera pende yematombo haina kugadzirwa nejecha rine mavara echisikigo, uye nheyo yezvinyorwa ndeye alkaline, iyo inokuvadza pigment kana resin ine simba risina simba rekudzivirira.
3. Kushata kwemamiriro okunze.
4. Kusarudzwa kusina kunaka kwezvinhu zvekuputira.
Solution:
Kana iwe ukaona chiitiko ichi panguva yekuvaka, iwe unogona kutanga wapukuta kana foshoro kubva pamusoro pemubvunzo, rega simende iome zvachose, uye wozoisa chisimbiso chekuisa chisimbiso chekutanga uye sarudza yakanaka chaiyo pendi yedombo.
04
kusvuura nekuputika
chikonzero:
Nekuda kwehunyoro hwepamusoro hwezvinhu zvepasi, kurapwa kwepamusoro hakuna kuchena, uye nzira yekubhurasha haina kunaka kana kushandisa yakaderera primer kuchaita kuti firimu repende ribvise kubva pachigadziko.
Solution:
Muchiitiko ichi, unofanira kutanga watarisa kana madziro ari kubuda. Kana pane kuvuza, unofanira kutanga wagadzirisa dambudziko rekudonha. Zvadaro, bvisa pendi yakasvetwa uye zvinhu zvakasununguka, isa putty yakasimba pane yakakanganisika, uye wozoisa chisimbiso chekutanga.
05
blister
Mushure mekunge firimu repende raoma, pachava nemabubble points ehukuru hwakasiyana pamusoro pepamusoro, iyo inogona kuve yakanyunguduka zvishoma kana yakamanikidzwa nemaoko.
chikonzero:
1. Nheyo yepasi yakanyorova, uye kubuda kwemvura kunoita kuti firimu repende rive blister.
2. Paunenge uchipfira, kune mhute yemvura mumhepo yakamanikidzwa, iyo inosanganiswa nepende.
3. Iyo primer haina kuoma zvachose, uye topcoat inoshandiswa zvakare kana inosangana nemvura. Kana iyo primer yakaoma, gasi rinogadzirwa kuti risimudze topcoat.
Solution:
Kana iyo firimu yepende inoputika zvishoma, inogona kugadziriswa nemvura sandpaper mushure mokunge firimu yepende yakaoma, uye ipapo topcoat inogadziriswa; kana firimu yepende yakanyanya kuoma, firimu yepende inofanira kubviswa, uye nheyo yepamusoro inofanira kunge yakaoma. , wozomwaya pendi yematombo chaiyo.
06
Layering (inozivikanwawo sekuruma pasi)
Chikonzero chechiitiko chekugadzika ndechekuti:
Paunenge uchitsvaira, iyo primer haina kuoma zvachose, uye iyo yakaonda yejasi yepamusoro inoputika iyo yakaderera primer, zvichiita kuti firimu repende rideredze uye rinoputika.
Solution:
Kuvakwa kwekuputira kunofanirwa kuitwa zvinoenderana nenguva yakatarwa, iyo yekupfekedza haifanirwe kuiswa zvakanyanya, uye topcoat inofanirwa kuiswa mushure mekunge primer yaoma zvachose.
07
Sagging
Panzvimbo dzekuvaka, pendi inogona kuwanikwa ichidonha kana kudonha kubva kumadziro, ichigadzira musodzi-senge kana wavy chitarisiko, chinowanzozivikanwa se teardrops.
Chikonzero ndechekuti:
1. Firimu yepende yakanyanyisa pane imwe nguva.
2. The dilution reshiyo yakawandisa.
3. Geza zvakananga panzvimbo yekare yepende isina jecha.
Solution:
1. Shandisa kakawanda, nguva imwe neimwe nemucheka mutete.
2. Deredzai dilution ratio.
3. Ijecha pendi yekare yechinhu chiri kukweshwa nejecha.
08
Kuwunyana: Firimu rependi rinoumba makwinya asina kupera
chikonzero:
1. Firimu yepende yakanyanyisa uye pasi inoderera.
2. Kana chipfeko chechipiri chepende chikaiswa, jasi rekutanga harisati raoma.
3. Tembiricha yakanyanya kana uchiomesa.
Solution:
Kuti udzivise izvi, dzivisa kuzora zvakakora uye bhurasha zvakaenzana. Kupindirana pakati pemajasi maviri epende kunofanirwa kukwana, uye zvinodikanwa kuve nechokwadi kuti yekutanga firimu repende yakaoma zvachose usati waisa jasi rechipiri.
09
Kuvapo kwekusvibisa-kusvibiswa kwakaoma
chikonzero:
Iyo yepamusoro-soro haina kutarisisa kugovera pane grid panguva yekuvaka, zvichikonzera kutaridzika kwekukunguruka.
Solution:
Mukuita kwekuvaka, nhanho yega yega yekuvaka inofanirwa kuteverwa kudzivirira kukuvadzwa kwekusvibisa-kusvibiswa. Panguva imwecheteyo, isu tinogona kusarudza majasi ekubatsira ane anti-kuchembera, anti-yakakwirira tembiricha uye yakasimba radiation kuramba kuzadza, iyo inogona zvakare kuve nechokwadi kuderedzwa kwekusvibiswa kwemuchinjiko.
10
Zvakawanda zvekuzora kusaenzana
chikonzero:
Nzvimbo huru yesamende dhaka inokonzera kunonoka kuoma nguva, izvo zvichaita kuti kuputika uye kuputika; MT-217 bentonite inoshandiswa mupende chaiyo yematombo, uye kuvakwa kwakatsetseka uye kuri nyore kukwenya.
Solution:
Ita avhareji kupatsanura kurapwa, uye zvakaenzana kuenzanisa dhaka panguva yekupurasita yenheyo imba.
11
Kuchena mukubata nemvura, kusamira zvakanaka kwemvura
Phenomenon uye zvikonzero zvikuru:
Mamwe mavara ematombo chaiwo anozochena mushure mekugezwa nekunyoroveswa nemvura, uye kudzokera kumamiriro avo ekutanga mushure mekunge mamiriro ekunze akanaka. Uku ndiko kuratidzwa kwakananga kwekushomeka kwemvura kwakashata kwemavara ematombo chaiwo.
1. Hunhu hwe emulsion hwakaderera
Kuti uwedzere kugadzikana kwe emulsion, emulsion yakaderera kana yakaderera-giredhi inowanzowedzera yakawandisa surfactants, iyo inozoderedza zvakanyanya kushorwa kwemvura emulsion pachayo.
2. Kuwanda kwelotion yakaderera
Mutengo wepamusoro-emulsion wakakwirira. Kuti uchengetedze mari, mugadziri anongowedzera emulsion shoma shoma, kuitira kuti firimu yepende yependi yematombo chaiwo isununguke uye isina kuoma zvakakwana mushure mekuoma, chiyero chekunwa kwemvura yefirimu yepende yakakura, uye simba rekubatanidza rinoderedzwa zvakafanana. Mumamiriro ekunze ekunaya kwenguva, mvura inonaya ichapinda mufirimu yepende, zvichiita kuti pendi yematombo chaiwo iite chena.
3. Mukobvu wakawandisa
Kana vagadziri vachigadzira pendi yematombo chaiwo, vanowanzowedzera huwandu hwakawanda hwecarboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, nezvimwewo semafu. Zvinhu izvi zvinonyunguduka mumvura kana kuti hydrophilic, uye zvinoramba zviri mumucheka mushure mokunge chifukidzo ichiitwa mufirimu. Kunyanya kunoderedza kushorwa kwemvura kwejasi.
Solution:
1. Sarudza mafuta emhando yepamusoro
Vagadziri vanodiwa kuti vasarudze ma-high-molecular acrylic polymers ane yakanakisa kudzivirira kwemvura sezvinhu zvinogadzira firimu kuti zvivandudze kudzivirira kwemvura kwependi chaiyo yedombo kubva kwairi.
2. Wedzera emulsion ratio
Mugadziri anodiwa kuti awedzere chikamu che emulsion, uye aite miedzo yakawanda yekuenzanisa pamusoro pehuwandu hwematombo chaiwo emulsion yependi yakawedzerwa kuti ave nechokwadi chokuti firimu yakasvibirira uye yakakwana yependi inowanikwa mushure mokunge pendi yebwe chaiyo inoshandiswa kuvhara kupindira kwemvura inonaya.
3. Gadzirisa chikamu che hydrophilic substances
Kuti uve nechokwadi chekugadzikana uye kushanda kwechigadzirwa, zvakakosha kuwedzera hydrophilic zvinhu zvakadai seselulosi. Chinokosha ndechekutsvaga iyo chaiyo chiyero poindi, iyo inoda kuti vagadziri vadzidze zvimiro zve hydrophilic zvinhu zvakaita se cellulose kuburikidza nenhamba huru yekudzokororwa bvunzo. Zvinonzwisisika ratio. Haisi kungovimbisa mhedzisiro yechigadzirwa, asiwo inoderedza kukanganiswa kwemvura.
12
Pfapfaidza splash, tsvina yakakomba
Phenomenon uye zvikonzero zvikuru:
Mamwe mapendi chaiwo ematombo anorasa jecha kana kutopfapfaidza achipoterera. Mumatambudziko akaoma, inenge 1/3 yepende inogona kupera.
1. Kudhirowa kwematombo asina kunaka
Masikirwo ematombo akapwanyika mupende yematombo chaiwo haakwanise kushandisa zvikamu zvehukuru hwakafanana, uye inofanira kusanganiswa uye kuenzaniswa nezvikamu zvehukuru hwakasiyana.
2. Kushanda kwekuvaka kusina kunaka
Zvingave kuti dhayamita yepfuti yekupfapfaidza yakakura kwazvo, kudzvanywa kwepfuti yekupfapfaidza haina kusarudzwa nemazvo uye zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kukonzera kupfachuka.
3. Kupfeka kusina kunaka kunoenderana
Kugadziriswa kusina kunaka kwepende kuwirirana kunogonawo kukonzera kudonha kwejecha uye kuputika paunenge uchipfapfaidza, inova tsvina yakakomba yezvinhu.
Solution:
1. Gadzirisa gravel grading
Kuburikidza nekucherechedza kwenzvimbo yekuvaka, kunowanikwa kuti kushandiswa kwakanyanya kwematombo echisikigo akapwanyika ane chiduku chiduku chekukura kuchaita kuti chimiro chepamusoro chefirimu yepende ive pasi; Kushandisa zvakanyanya kwedombo rakapwanyika nehukuru hukuru hunokonzera kupfachuka uye kurasikirwa nejecha zviri nyore. kuwana kufanana.
2. Gadzirisa mabasa ekuvaka
Kana iri pfuti, unofanirwa kugadzirisa caliber yepfuti nekumanikidza.
3. Rongedza kuwirirana kwepende
Kana kuwirirana kwepende ndicho chikonzero, kuwirirana kunoda kugadziriswa.
13
pendi chaiyo yematombo
Phenomenon uye zvikonzero zvikuru:
1. Mhedzisiro yepH yehwaro hwepasi, kana pH yakakura kudarika 9, inotungamira kune chiitiko chekutumbuka.
2. Munguva yekuvaka, kusaenzana ukobvu kunowanzoita kutumbuka. Pamusoro pezvo, kupfapfaidza kwependi yematombo kushoma uye firimu repende rakatetepa zvinokonzeresa kutumbuka.
3. Mukugadzirwa kwepende yematombo chaiwo, chikamu che cellulose chakanyanya kukwirira, ndicho chikonzero chakananga chekutumbuka.
Solution:
1. Nyatsodzora pH ye base layer, uye shandisa alkali-resistant sealing primer ye back-sealing kurapwa kudzivirira kunaya kwezvinhu alkaline.
2. Nyatsoshandisa huwandu hwekuvaka, usacheka makona, iyo yakajairika theoretical coating huwandu hwepende chaiyo yematombo ingangoita 3.0-4.5kg/square mita.
3. Dzora zvinyorwa zve cellulose semukobvu muchikamu chinonzwisisika.
14
Ibwe chairo pendi yellowing
Iyo yero yepende chaiyo yematombo inongova kuti ruvara runoshanduka yero, iyo inokanganisa chitarisiko.
Phenomenon uye zvikonzero zvikuru:
Vagadziri vanoshandisa inferior acrylic emulsions sevasungiri. Ma emulsions anozoora kana akafumurwa nemwaranzi yeultraviolet kubva kuzuva, ichipisa zvinhu zvine mavara, uye pakupedzisira ichikonzera yero.
Solution:
Vagadziri vanosungirwa kuti vasarudze emulsions emhando yepamusoro semabhainda ekuvandudza mhando yechigadzirwa.
15
Iyo firimu yepende yakanyanya kupfava
Phenomenon uye zvikonzero zvikuru:
Firimu yependi yematombo akakodzera ichave yakaoma zvikuru uye haigoni kudhonzwa neminwe. Yakanyanya kupfava pendi firimu inonyanya kukonzerwa nekusarudzika kwakashata kwemulsion kana kuderera kwemukati, zvichikonzera kusakwana kwesimba rejasi kana firimu repende rinoumbwa.
Solution:
Paunenge uchigadzira pendi yematombo chaiwo, vagadziri vanodiwa kuti vasarudze emulsion yakafanana nepende ye latex, asi kuti vasarudze mhinduro inosanganiswa nekubatana kwepamusoro uye kuderera kwekushisa kwefirimu.
16
Chromatic aberration
Phenomenon uye zvikonzero zvikuru:
Iyo batch imwechete yepende haishandiswe pamadziro mamwechete, uye pane musiyano wemavara pakati pemabheji maviri epende. Mucherechedzo wematombo chaiwo epende yepende inogadziriswa zvachose nemuvara wejecha nedombo. Nekuda kwechimiro che geological, batch rimwe nerimwe rejecha rine ruvara richava nemusiyano weruvara. Nokudaro, paunenge uchipinda zvinhu, zvakanakisisa kushandisa jecha rine ruvara rinogadziriswa neboka rimwechete remakori. zvese kuderedza chromatic aberration. Kana pendi yacho yachengetwa, ruvara kana kuti runoyangarara runooneka pamusoro, uye harina kubvongodzwa zvakakwana usati wamwaya.
Solution:
Batch imwechete yepende inofanira kushandiswa kumadziro mamwechete sezvinobvira; iyo pende inofanira kuiswa mumabheti panguva yekuchengetedza; inofanira kunyandurwa zvakakwana isati yasasa isati yashandiswa; pakudyisa zvinhu, zviri nani kushandisa bheti rimwe chete rejecha rine mavara rakagadzirwa nekwari, uye batch rose rinofanira kutorwa kunze kwenyika panguva imwe chete. .
17
Kupfeka zvisina kuenzana uye mashanga akajeka
Phenomenon uye zvikonzero zvikuru:
Batch imwechete yepende haina kushandiswa; iyo pende yakanyungudutswa kana iyo yepamusoro pendi inoyangarara panguva yekuchengetedza, uye pende haina kunyatso kunyungudutswa isati yapfapfaidza, uye pende viscosity yakasiyana; mhepo yemhepo haina kugadzikana panguva yekupfapfaidza; iyo dhayamita yespray gun nozzle inoshanduka nekuda kwekupfeka kana zvikanganiso zvekuisa panguva yekupfapfaidza; Kusanganiswa kwehuwandu hakuna kururama, kusanganiswa kwezvinhu hazvina kuenzana; hupamhi hwekuputira hunopesana; maburi ekuvaka haana kuvharwa munguva kana mushure mekuzadza kunokonzera mashanga akajeka; Ronga kuita mashanga kuita top coat mashanga anooneka zvakajeka.
Solution:
Vashandi vakakosha kana vagadziri vanofanirwa kurongeka kuti vadzore zvinhu zvine hukama senge kusanganisa reshiyo uye kuenderana; maburi ekuvaka kana maburi escaffolding anofanira kuvharwa uye kugadziriswa pachine nguva; batch imwechete yepende inofanira kushandiswa zvakanyanya sezvinobvira; iyo pende inofanira kuchengetwa mumabheti, uye inofanira kunyatsogadziriswa isati yasasa Ishandise zvakafanana; tarisa muromo wepfuti yekupfapfaidza munguva yekupfapfaidza, uye gadzirisa kudzvanywa kwenozzle; panguva yekuvaka, tsvina inofanira kukandwa kune sub-grid seam kana nzvimbo iyo pombi isiri pachena. Coating ukobvu, kudzivirira kupindirana kwemajasi kuti aumbe akasiyana shades.
18
Coating blistering, bulging, cracking
Phenomenon uye zvikonzero zvikuru:
Hunyoro hwemukati hwechigadziko chehwaro hwakanyanya kwazvo panguva yekuvaka kukodha; iyo simende dhaka uye konkriti base layer haina kusimba zvakakwana nekuda kwezera risina kukwana kana tembiricha yekurapa yakaderera, simba rekugadzira reiyo yakasanganiswa mortar base layer yakadzikira, kana kusanganisa kusanganisa panguva yekuvaka hakuna kunaka; hapana yakavharwa pasi inoshandiswa Coating; iyo yepamusoro inoshandiswa pamberi pepamusoro pepamusoro pepamusoro yakaoma zvachose; iyo base layer yakatsemuka, pasi pasi plastering haina kukamurwa sezvinodiwa, kana mabhuroko akakamurwa akakura kwazvo; iyo sement mortar nzvimbo yakakura kwazvo, uye shrinkage yekuomeswa yakasiyana, iyo ichaita gollow uye Cracks, hollowing of the bottom layer and even cracking of the surface layer; simende dhaka haina kudhonzwa muzvikamu kuti ive nechokwadi chekurovera kwe base layer; kupfapfaidza zvakanyanya panguva imwe chete, kukoira kwakanyanyisa, uye kuderedzwa kusina kunaka; kukanganisa mukushanda kwekuputira pachayo, nezvimwewo Zviri nyore kuita kuti chifukidzo chiparadze; kusiyana kwekushisa kwemamiriro okunze kwakakura, zvichiita kuti kuoma kwakasiyana-siyana kwemukati nekunze kwemukati, uye kutsemuka kunoumbwa kana pamusoro paoma uye mukati memukati hauna kuoma.
Solution:
Iyo primer inofanira kugoverwa maererano nezvinodiwa; mukugadzirisa kwechigadziko chepasi, chikamu chedhaka chinofanira kunge chakanyatsosanganiswa uye kuiswa kweplastering kunofanira kuitwa; kuvakwa kunofanira kuitwa maererano nemaitiro ekuvaka uye tsanangudzo; kunaka kwezvinhu zvakasvibirira zvinofanira kunyatsodzorwa; Multi-layer, edza kudzora kumhanya kwekuomesa kwega rega, uye kureba kwekupfapfaidza kunofanira kunge kuri kure zvishoma.
19
Coating peeling off, kukuvara
Phenomenon uye zvikonzero zvikuru:
Kunyorova kwechigadziko chepasi kwakakura zvakanyanya panguva yekugadzira yekuputira; yave ichiiswa kune ekunze mechanical impact; tembiricha yekuvaka yakaderera zvakanyanya, zvichikonzera kutadza kupfekedza firimu kuumbwa; nguva yekubvisa tepi haina kugadzikana kana nzira yacho haina kunaka, zvichiita kuti kukuvadzwa kwekuputira; hapana chitsiko chesimende chinogadzirwa pasi pemadziro ekunze; isina kushandiswa Kufananidza pendi yekavha yekumashure.
Solution:
Kuvaka kuchaitwa maererano nemaitiro ekuvaka uye zvirevo; kutarisisa kuchapihwa kuchengetedzwa kwezvakapedzwa zvigadzirwa panguva yekuvaka.
20
Kunyanya kusvibiswa-kusvibiswa uye kusvibiswa panguva yekuvaka
Phenomenon uye zvikonzero zvikuru:
Rudzi rwekuputira pigment runopera, uye ruvara runoshanduka nekuda kwemhepo, mvura, uye kubuda kwezuva; kutevedzana kwekuvaka kwakashata pakati pezvirango zvakasiyana panguva yekuvaka kunokonzera kusvibiswa.
Solution:
Zvinodiwa kuti usarudze pendi ne-anti-ultraviolet, anti-kuchembera uye anti-sunlight pigments, uye kunyatsodzora kuwedzera kwemvura panguva yekuvaka, uye usaite zvechisimba kuwedzera mvura pakati kuti uve nechokwadi chemavara akafanana; kuitira kuti udzivise kusvibiswa kwechiso chepamusoro, bhura pendi yekupedzisa nenguva mushure mekuvhara kwemaawa makumi maviri nemana. Paunenge uchikwesha kupedzisa, chenjerera kuti udzivirire kuti irege kumhanya kana kuti yakanyanyisa kuumba kunzwa kwemaruva. Panguva yekuvaka, kuvaka kunofanirwa kurongeka zvinoenderana nemaitiro ekuvaka kudzivirira kusvibiswa kwehunyanzvi kana kukanganisa panguva yekuvaka.
makumi maviri nerimwe
Yin Yang angle crack
Phenomenon uye zvikonzero zvikuru:
Dzimwe nguva mitswe inooneka pamakona eyin uye yang. Makona eYin neYang inzvimbo mbiri dzakapindirana. Munguva yekuomesa, pachava nemativi maviri akasiyana emakakatanwa anobata pafirimu repende payin uye yang makona panguva imwe chete, iyo iri nyore kutsemuka.
Solution:
Kana iyo yin uye yang makona ezvimedu akawanikwa, shandisa pfuti yekupfapfaidza kupfapfaidza zvakare mutete, uye isa zvakare hafu yeawa imwe neimwe kusvikira kuputika kwavharwa; kumakona eyin neyang achangopfapfaidzwa, chenjerera kusapfapfaidza zvakakora panguva imwe chete pakupfapfaidza, uye shandisa kapfapfaidzo yakatetepa yakawanda-layer nzira. , pfuti yepfapfaidzo inofanira kunge iri kure, kukurumidza kufamba kunofanira kunge kwakakurumidza, uye haigoni kupfapfaidzwa vertically kune yin uye yang makona. Inogona kungopararira chete, ndiko kuti, kupfapfaidza mativi maviri, kuitira kuti kumucheto kweruva remhute kutsvaira mu yin uye yang makona.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-25-2024