Ni iki gikoreshwa mu gucukura icyondo?

Selulosi, karubohidrati iboneka mu nkuta z'uturemangingo tw'ibimera, igira uruhare runini mu nganda zitandukanye, harimo n'urwego rwa peteroli na gaze. Mu gucukura ibyondo, selulosi ifite akamaro kenshi bitewe n'imiterere yayo yihariye.

Gucukura icyondo, kizwi kandi ku izina ry'amazi yo gucukura, ni ingenzi cyane mu gikorwa cyo gucukura amariba ya peteroli na gaze. Bifite inshingano nyinshi z'ingenzi, harimo gukonjesha no gusiga amavuta ku gice cyo gucukura, gutwara amabuye yaciwe hejuru, kubungabunga ubuziranenge bw'aho amazi anyura, no gukumira kwangirika kw'aho amazi aturuka. Kugira ngo ibyo bikorwa bigere ku ntego, gucukura icyondo bigomba kugira imiterere imwe n'imwe nko kuba mu buryo bworoshye, kugenzura igihombo cy'amazi, guhagarika ibintu bikomeye, no guhuza n'imiterere y'aho amazi aturuka.

Seliluloseikoreshwa cyane mu gucukura ibumba nk'inyongeramusaruro y'ibanze bitewe n'imiterere yayo idasanzwe ya rheological hamwe n'uburyo ikoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye. Imwe mu nshingano z'ingenzi za cellulose mu gucukura ibumba ni ugutanga ubukana n'igenzura rya rheological. Ubukana ni igipimo cy'ubudahangarwa bw'amazi ku gutemba, kandi ni ingenzi mu kubungabunga imiterere y'amazi yifuzwa yo gucukura ibumba. Mu kongeramo cellulose, ubukana bw'ibumba bushobora guhindurwa kugira ngo buhuze n'ibisabwa byihariye mu gikorwa cyo gucukura. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane mu kugenzura umuvuduko w'injira, gukumira ibura ry'amazi mu miterere, no gutwara ibice by'ibumba hejuru.

Selulose ikora nk'umusemburo w'amazi n'umusemburo wo kugenzura igihombo cy'amazi icyarimwe. Nk'umusemburo w'amazi, ifasha guhagarika no gutwara ibice by'amazi ku buso, ikarinda ko bihagarara no kwirundanya hasi ku mwobo. Ibi bituma imirimo yo gucukura ikorwa neza kandi ikagabanya ibyago byo kwangirika kw'imiyoboro. Byongeye kandi, selulose ikora agace gato k'urufunguzo ku nkuta z'uwo mwobo, gafasha kugenzura igihombo cy'amazi mu mwobo. Ibi ni ingenzi kugira ngo imiyoboro ikomeze kugumana ubusugire no gukumira kwangirika kw'imiyoboro guterwa n'amazi yinjira.

Uretse ubushobozi bwayo bwo kugenzura ihungabana ry’amaraso n’amazi, selulose inatanga inyungu ku bidukikije mu gucukura ibyondo. Bitandukanye n’inyongeramusaruro zikozwe mu buryo bwa sintetike, selulose irabora kandi ntingiza ibidukikije, bigatuma iba amahitamo meza mu bikorwa byo gucukura bitabangamiye ibidukikije. Kubora kwayo bituma ibora uko igihe kigenda gihita, bigabanyiriza ingaruka ku bidukikije ziterwa no gucukura.

Selulosi ishobora gushyirwa mu buryo butandukanye bwo gucukura ibyondo, harimo ifu ya selulosi, insinga za selulosi, n'ibikomoka kuri selulosi nkaselulose ya karboksimetili (CMC)naselulose ya hydroxyethyl (HEC)Buri fomu itanga inyungu n'imikorere byihariye bitewe n'ibisabwa mu gikorwa cyo gucukura.

Selulose ifu ikunze gukoreshwa nk'ikintu cy'ingenzi gifasha mu kugenzura ibura ry'amazi mu byuma bikoresha amazi. Biroroshye kuyimena mu mazi kandi bifite ubushobozi bwo kuyihagarika, bigatuma iba nziza cyane mu gutwara imashini zicagagura hejuru y'amazi.

Ku rundi ruhande, imigozi ya selulose ni miremire kandi ifite fibre kurusha selulose ifu. Ikunze gukoreshwa mu buryo bw'ibyondo bupima uburemere, aho amazi yo gucukura afite ubucucike bwinshi akenewe kugira ngo agenzure imbaraga zikenewe. Imigozi ya selulose ifasha kongera imiterere y'ibyondo, kunoza imikorere yo gusukura imyobo, no kugabanya imbaraga n'ubukana mu gihe cyo gucukura.

Ibikomoka kuri selulosi nkaCMCnaHECni ubwoko bwa selulose bwahinduwe hakoreshejwe imiti butanga imikorere myiza. Bukunze gukoreshwa mu bikorwa byihariye byo gucukura ibyondo aho ibisabwa byihariye bigomba kuzuzwa. Urugero, CMC ikoreshwa cyane nk'umuti ubuza shale no kugenzura igihombo cy'amazi mu buryo bw'ibyondo bushingiye ku mazi, mu gihe HEC ikoreshwa nk'umuti uhindura rheology no kugenzura kuyungurura ibintu mu buryo bw'ibyondo bushingiye ku mavuta.

Selulosi ifite uruhare runini mu gucukura ibumba bitewe n’imiterere yayo yihariye n’uburyo ikoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye. Kuva mu gutanga ubukana no kugenzura imikorere y’amaraso kugeza mu kunoza uburyo amazi atakaza amazi akoreshwa mu gucukura no kubungabunga ibidukikije, selulosi itanga inyungu nyinshi mu bikorwa byo gucukura. Uko inganda za peteroli na gaze zikomeza gutera imbere, byitezwe ko hazabaho uburyo bwo gucukura ibumba bunoze kandi butangiza ibidukikije, bityo bikagaragaza akamaro ka selulosi nk'inyongera y'ingenzi mu gucukura ibumba.