Selulosi ya Carboxymethyl (CMC) ni polymer ishongesha amazi ikomoka kuri selulosi, ikaba ari yo polymeri iboneka cyane ku Isi. CMC ikorwa binyuze mu guhindura selulosi mu buryo bwa shimi, akenshi ikomoka ku biti cyangwa ipamba. Ikoreshwa cyane mu buryo butandukanye bitewe n'imiterere yayo yihariye, harimo ubushobozi bwayo bwo gukora ibisubizo bito na jeli, ubushobozi bwayo bwo gufata amazi, ndetse no kubora kwayo.
Imiterere n'umusaruro w'ibinyabutabire
Imiterere ya CMC igizwe n'imigongo ya selulosi hamwe n'amatsinda ya karuboksimeti (-CH2-COOH) afatanye na amwe mu matsinda ya hydroxyl (-OH) kuri monomeri za glucose. Ubu buryo bwo gusimbuza burimo kuvura selulosi ukoresheje aside chloroacetic mu buryo bwa alkaline, biganisha ku ikorwa rya selulosi ya sodium carboksimeti. Igipimo cyo gusimbuza (DS) kivuga ku mubare mpuzandengo w'amatsinda ya hydroxyl kuri buri gice cya glucose cyasimbuwe n'amatsinda ya karuboksimeti, aho DS iri hagati ya 0.4 na 1.4 ari yo ikunze gukoreshwa mu bikorwa byinshi.
Uburyo bwo gukora CMC bukubiyemo intambwe nyinshi:
Alkalization: Selilulosi ivurwa n'ishingiro rikomeye, akenshi hifashishijwe sodiyumu hidroksidi, kugira ngo ikore selulosi ya alkali.
Etherification: Selulose ya alkali ishyirwamo aside chloroacetic, bigatuma amatsinda ya hydroxyl asimburwa n'amatsinda ya carboxymethyl.
Gusukura: CMC ikaranze yogezwa kandi igasukurwa kugira ngo ikureho ibintu byayivuyemo n'ibindi biyikomokaho.
Kumisha no gusya: CMC isukuye irashashwa hanyuma igasya kugira ngo haboneke ingano y'uduce twifuzwa.
Imitungo
CMC izwiho imiterere yayo idasanzwe, ituma igira akamaro mu nganda zitandukanye:
Gushonga mu mazi: CMC ishongera mu mazi, igakora ibisubizo bisobanutse kandi bitose.
Guhindura ubukana bw'ibice bya CMC: Ubukana bw'ibice bya CMC bushobora guhindurwa hakoreshejwe guhindura ingano n'uburemere bwa molekile, bigatuma biba ingirakamaro mu gukurura no guhagarara neza.
Imiterere ya firime: Ishobora gukora firime zikomeye kandi zoroshye iyo yumye mu gikoresho.
Imiterere y'ubukorikori: CMC igaragaza imiterere myiza y'ubukorikori, ikaba ingirakamaro mu bikorwa nk'ubukorikori n'ubukorikori.
Kubora: Kubera ko CMC ikomoka kuri cellulose karemano, ishobora kubora, bigatuma itangiza ibidukikije.
Inganda z'ibiribwa
CMC ikoreshwa cyane nk'inyongeramusaruro ku biribwa (E466) bitewe n'ubushobozi bwayo bwo guhindura ubukana no gushimangira emulsion mu biribwa bitandukanye. Ikora nk'inyongeramusaruro, ikomeza, kandi igabanya ubukana mu bicuruzwa nka ice cream, ibikomoka ku mata, ibiryo byo mu ifuru, n'ibiryo byo mu salade. Urugero, muri ice cream, CMC ifasha gukumira ikorwa rya kristu z'urubura, bigatuma imiterere yazo iba myiza.
Imiti n'Ibyerekeye Ubuhanga
Mu nganda zikora imiti, CMC ikoreshwa nk'ikintu gifunga mu binini, igabanya ubushyuhe, kandi ikongera ubushyuhe mu binini bivangwa n'amavuta. Ikora kandi nk'ikintu gikomeza ubushyuhe mu mavuta yo kwisiga, amavuta yo kwisiga, na gels mu nganda zikora amavuta yo kwisiga. Kuba idahumanya kandi idatera umujinya bituma ikoreshwa muri ibyo bicuruzwa.
Impapuro n'imyenda
CMC ikoreshwa mu nganda z'impapuro nk'igikoresho cyo gupima ingano kugira ngo yongere imbaraga n'ubushobozi bwo gucapa impapuro. Mu myenda, ikoreshwa nk'igikoresho cyo gukurura mu irangi no mu gucapa imyenda, bityo yongera ubwiza n'ubunini bw'inyandiko.
Amasabune n'ibikoresho byo gusukura
Mu byuma bisukura, CMC ikora nk'ikintu gihagarika ubutaka, ikarinda umwanda kongera gushonga ku myenda mu gihe cyo kuyimesa. Inanoza imikorere y'ibyuma bisukura amazi binyuze mu kongera ubukana bwabyo no ku buryo bihora bihagaze neza.
Gucukura no gucukura peteroli
CMC ikoreshwa mu mazi acukura peteroli kugira ngo igenzure ubukana bw'amazi ndetse no mu guhindura imiterere y'amaraso kugira ngo ikomeze guhagarara neza mu byondo bicukurwa, ikarinda gusenyuka kw'imyobo no koroshya gukuraho ibice byaciwe. Mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro, ikoreshwa nk'ikintu gifasha mu kureremba no mu gukurura amazi.
Ubwubatsi n'Ibumba
Mu nganda z'ubwubatsi, CMC ikoreshwa mu byuma bya sima na sima kugira ngo yongere ubushobozi bwo kubika amazi no gukora neza. Mu byuma bya sima, ikora nk'igikoresho cyo gufatanya no gukoresha pulasitiki mu byuma bya sima, ikarushaho kunoza ubushobozi bwabyo bwo gushushanya no kumisha.
Ibitekerezo ku bidukikije n'umutekano
Muri rusange, CMC ifatwa nk'ifite umutekano (GRAS) n'inzego zishinzwe kugenzura nka FDA. Ntigira uburozi, ntitera allergies, kandi ishobora kwangirika, bigatuma irinda ibidukikije. Ariko, uburyo bwo kuyikora burimo imiti igomba kwitabwaho neza kugira ngo hirindwe kwanduza ibidukikije. Guta imyanda no kuyitunganya neza ni ngombwa kugira ngo bigabanye ingaruka mbi ku bidukikije.
Udushya n'Ibyerekezo by'ejo hazaza
Iterambere riherutse mu rwego rwa CMC rikubiyemo iterambere rya CMC yahinduwe ifite imiterere myiza ikoreshwa mu buryo bwihariye. Urugero, CMC ifite uburemere bwa molekile n'urwego rwo gusimbuza ishobora gutanga imikorere myiza mu buryo bwo gutanga imiti cyangwa nk'ibikoresho byo gupakira bishingiye ku binyabuzima. Byongeye kandi, ubushakashatsi burimo gusuzuma ikoreshwa rya CMC mu nzego nshya nko gukora tissue engineering na bioprinting, aho ubushobozi bwayo bwo guhuza ibintu n'imikorere ya gel bushobora kuba ingirakamaro cyane.
Selulosi ya karuboksimetili ni ibikoresho bifite akamaro kandi bifite akamaro gakomeye, bikoreshwa mu nganda zitandukanye. Imiterere yayo yihariye, harimo gushonga kw'amazi, guhindura ubushyuhe, no kubora, bituma iba ingenzi mu bicuruzwa byinshi. Hamwe n'iterambere rihoraho mu ikorwa ryayo no kuyihindura, CMC yiteguye kugira uruhare runini mu nzego gakondo n'izikiri nshya, ikagira uruhare mu iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga no mu bikorwa birambye.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kamena-06-2024